ميراگرهاي تسليمي U-شكل   به دليل قابليت بالاي اتلاف انرژي، نقش كليدي در بهبود عملكرد لرزه‌اي سازه‌ها ايفا مي‌كنند. در اين پژوهش، رفتار چرخه‌اي اين ميراگرها با استفاده از روش اجزاي محدود در نرم‌افزار آباكوس مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در گام نخست، مدل عددي با استفاده از المان‌هاي حجمي هشت‌گرهي   و با در نظر گرفتن پيش‌تنيدگي پيچ‌ها ، بر اساس نتايج آزمايشگاهي معتبر صحت‌سنجي شد. براي كاهش تمركز تنش، يك هندسه پخ‌دار   پيشنهاد گرديد و سپس ?? مدل پارامتريك با متغيرهاي ضخامت، عرض، ارتفاع ، شعاع انحنا و زاويه بارگذاري تحت تحليل‌هاي استاتيكي غيرخطي قرار گرفتند. نتايج نشان داد كه افزايش ضخامت و عرض و همچنين كاهش شعاع انحنا، منجر به بهبود چشمگير سختي الاستيك، مقاومت نهايي و ظرفيت جذب انرژي مي‌گردد. در نهايت، يك رابطه تحليلي جديد براي پيش‌بيني سختي الاستيك ارائه شد كه نتايج آن با داده‌هاي عددي مطابقت مناسبي دارد. كلمات كليدي : ميراگر تسليمي U-شكل، روش اجزاي محدود، جذب انرژي، تحليل پارامتريك، سختي الاستيك

Lithium-ion batteries, as primary energy sources in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and high-power electronic devices, face significant challenges related to temperature rise and thermal management. Increased internal battery temperature not only reduces efficiency and service life but also poses serious safety risks such as thermal runaway, fire, and electrode damage. Therefore, developing effective methods to control temperature, delay critical temperature rise, and homogenize heat distribution is a fundamental aspect of lithium-ion battery design and performance improvement. One advanced approach in thermal management is the use of phase change materials (PCM), which have the capacity to store and release latent heat and can prevent rapid temperature increases by absorbing the heat generated by the battery. This thesis investigates and analyzes the performance of various phase change materials including paraffin, vaseline, and their composites with conductive additives such as graphite, copper oxide, and alumina+CuSO?, evaluating their effects on the thermal behavior of lithium-ion batteries comprehensively. In this study, more than 23 different phase change material compositions with varying ratios of paraffin and vaseline and different amounts of conductive additives were examined. The experiments included recording the battery temperature rise time, heating rate, and heat distribution uniformity at different voltages, along with comparing thermal behavior with and without conductive additives. These data enabled precise analysis of the impact of different PCM compositions on battery thermal management and identification of optimal mixtures. The results showed that pure paraffin compounds, due to high latent heat capacity, extended the temperature rise time but exhibited non-uniform temperature distribution and hotspot formation on the battery surface because of low thermal conductivity. Pure vaseline, though structurally stable and reducing PCM leakage, had a higher heating rate and lower heat storage capacity. With the addition of graphite and other conductive additives, heat transfer improved and temperature distribution became more uniform. Compositions containing graphite and copper oxide or alumina+CuSO? showed the longest critical temperature time and lowest heating rates, providing optimized thermal performance along with suitable mechanical stability. Also, paraffin–vaseline mixtures with graphite achieved a good balance of thermal energy storage, structural stability, and temperature uniformity and were suitable for moderate charge-discharge cycles. Ranking analysis revealed that the best thermal performance was related to PCM base compositions with conductive additives, while pure vaseline and pure paraffin without additives showed the lowest efficiency in thermal management. Findings indicate that selecting the optimal PCM composition combined with conductive materials is crucial for achieving stable thermal management, enhancing safety, and prolonging the lifespan of lithium-ion batteries. This thesis serves as a scientific and practical guide for designing advanced thermal management systems in electric vehicles and industrial applications of lithium-ion batteries, highlighting the importance of intelligent PCM and conductive additive combinations in improving battery thermal performance.   

  Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by the body's inability to effectively use blood sugar or produce sufficient insulin to regulate it. If not properly diagnosed and treated, this disease can lead to serious complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, nerve disorders, and blindness. Given the increasing global prevalence of diabetes, early identification and prediction of this disease is of paramount importance. This research focuses on predicting the onset of diabetes using machine learning algorithms. For this purpose, the Pima Indian Diabetes dataset is employed, which includes features such as age, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose levels, Body Mass Index (BMI), number of pregnancies, family history of diabetes, and other biological parameters. These data, extracted from a population of Native American women, are used to train and test various machine-learning models. In this study, different algorithms including Logistic Regression, XGBoost, AdaBoost, LightGBM, Decision Tree, CatBoost, and Gradient Boosting, were employed to predict the onset of diabetes. The results of this research, which compares different algorithms, particularly boosting algorithms, indicate that some of these algorithms demonstrate higher accuracy in predicting diabetes and can be used as effective tools for early detection and optimal management of the disease. The models achieved the following accuracy: Logistic Regression (0.92), XGBoost (0.96), AdaBoost (0.94), LightGBM (0.96), Gradient Boosting (0.91), and Decision Tree (0.91), with the best performance achieved by CatBoost with an accuracy of 0.98. Finally, suggestions for future research are offered.

   Cardiovascular diseases, particularly arrhythmias, have been among the leading causes of mortality in recent years. Consequently, the medical community has been actively seeking efficient and rapid methods for diagnosing these conditions. To enhance diagnostic speed and minimize potential human errors, the use of automated methods for detecting arrhythmias has gained significant attention. This study aims to achieve accurate and timely detection of various arrhythmias with minimal computational complexity and a reduced number of features. in this thesis, three types of arrhythmias—atrial, sinus, and ventricular—are analyzed, with each category comprising 100 ECG signal samples sourced from the SHEDB database. Two models, the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) neural network and the Radial Basis Function (RBF) neural network, were employed for arrhythmia classification. Results indicate that the MLP model, achieving a test accuracy of 97.8%, significantly outperformed the RBF model, which achieved a test accuracy of 76.7%. These models were selected to reduce computational overhead compared to more complex models like Convolutional Neural Networks (C  ). furthermore, various temporal, statistical, and frequency domain features were examined during the feature extraction process. The best performance was achieved using eight selected features: Root Mean Square (RMS), Waveform Length (WL), Absolute Sum of Squares( ASS), Mean (MEAN), Skewness (SKW), Kurtosis (KUR), Dominant Frequency (DF), and Amplitude of Dominant Frequency (AFDF).

رايانش مه يك زيرساخت توزيع شده با امكان ارتباط، ذخيره‌سازي و محاسبه در لبه يك شبكه محلي و بسيار پوياست. فاصله زياد سرويس­گيرنده­هاي يك محيط محلي با ابر و همچنين تعداد بسيار بالاي درخواست‌ها از ساير محيط­ها كه حساس به تأخير هستند مشكلاتي را در ارائه خدمات ابري به وجود آورده است. درنتيجه استفاده از قابليت محاسباتي منابع بيكار محلي و نزديك به دستگاه‌هاي انتهايي همانند خودروهاي با/بدون سرنشين و ايجاد يك شبكه ad-hoc تحت عنوان رايانش مه وسايل نقليه سبب كاهش ارسال درخواست‌ها به ابر و همچنين كاهش زمان پاسخ مي‌شوند. با اين ‌وجود محدوديت منابع در رايانش مه وسايل نقليه در مقايسه با ابر باعث ايجاد مشكلاتي از قبيل يافتن منابع آزاد از نظر توان محاسباتي و همچنين دسترس‌‌پذيري منابع در ارائه سرويس مطلوب به مشتري­ها مي­شود. درنتيجه تلاش براي پيش­بيني درست ميزان منابع درخواستي هر وظيفه مي­تواند از هدر رفتن منابع محدود گره­هاي مه جلوگيري كند كه اين امر نيازمند روش‌هايي از قبيل يادگيري ماشين است تا بر اساس درخواست/پاسخ‌هاي دستگاه‌هاي انتهايي بتواند رفتار محيط را تا حدودي ياد گرفته و جهت رسيدن به كيفيت مطلوب سرويس­دهي، مقادير مناسبي از منابع را در اختيار آن­ها قرار دهد. در اين پژوهش با استفاده از يادگيري تقويتي عميق QL روشي براي برنامه‌ريزي و پيش‌بيني منابع مورد‌نياز يك مشتري خودرو هوشمند با معماري سه‌لايه رايانش خودرويي در بهينه‌سازي تخصيص منابع و بهبود عملكرد كلي سيستم ارائه شده است.اين روش با استفاده از قابليت‌هاي هوش مصنوعي و يادگيري تقويتي، رويكردي پويا و تطبيقي براي مديريت منابع در يك محيط محاسباتي مه ارائه مي‌دهد. دو الگوريتم اصلي براي مسئله پيش‌بيني و تخصيص منابع در اين تحقيق پيشنهاد شده است. در انتها بر مبناي روش پيشنهادي از ابزارها و مجموعه داده­هاي مناسب جهت ارزيابي استفاده مي‌شود. داده‌هاي مورداستفاده هم مي‌توانند يك بازه‌اي مشاهده شده از دنياي واقعي باشند و هم مي‌توانند از طريق ابزارهاي شبيه‌سازي مانند Matlab توليد شوند. ديتاست مورداستفاده شامل وضعيت‌هاي خودروهاي كلاينت، درخواست‌هاي آنها، گره‌هاي مه، تحركات آنها و وظايف درخواست شده از سمت كلاينت‌ها در يك بازه زماني خاص است. يافته‌هاي كليدي اين مطالعه نشان مي‌دهد كه يادگيري تقويتي QL مي‌تواند به طور مؤثري ميزان متناسب تخصيص منابع را با يادگيري از تجربيات گذشته و تصميم‌گيري آگاهانه پيش‌بيني كند. با آموزش و به روزرساني مستمر عامل يادگيري Q، سيستم مي‌تواند با شرايط متغير سازگار شود و تصميمات تخصيص منابع را بر اساس اطلاعات بلادرنگ اتخاذ كند. همچنين نتايج آزمايش‌ها اثربخشي روش پيشنهادي را در بهينه‌سازي تخصيص منابع نشان مي‌دهد. عامل يادگيري تقويتي QL اقدامات بهينه‌اي را ياد مي‌گيرد كه مصرف منابع را به حداقل مي‌رساند درحالي‌كه الزامات عملكرد سيستم مه را برآورده مي‌كند. اين منجر به بهبود كارايي، كاهش تأخير و افزايش قابليت اطمينان سيستم مي‌شود.   

Abstract Objective: Due to the increasing growth of image transmission in computer networks, it is very important to provide a suitable level of security to protect these images, which can be ensured by using different encryption methods. Image encryption methods based on chaos theory are known as a more effective and safer solution in image encryption due to the unique characteristics of chaos functions, such as sensitivity to initial values and parameters and high scrambling power. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the optimal chaotic mapping for encryption of four different groups of images including face images, fingerprint images, satellite images and medical images and increasing the encryption speed. Research method: First, texts and articles related to image encryption were studied using chaotic mappings. Using these studies, 11 one-dimensional and two-dimensional chaotic maps were investigated. In the implementation phase, 40 images were encrypted with these 11 maps using the Python programming language. Then, in the evaluation stage of encrypted images, the encryption quality was checked with the help of criteria such as image histogram and correlation between image pixels. After the evaluation stage, it was determined that for the encryption of each of these image grou   which mapping is more appropriate? In the end, the encryption speed was increased by using parallelization techniques. Findings: The result of this study was to determine the appropriate chaotic mapping for encryption of each of the four image groups and the parallelization of chaotic key generation. Also, the chaotic function of sinusoidal mapping was improved by making changes in the equation of this mapping. After analyzing the encrypted images, it was determined that Logistic 2, Logistic 3, Duffing, and Sinusoidal mappings are the optimal mappings for face, medical, fingerprint, and satellite image encryption, respectively. It was also found that chaotic quadratic mapping has the highest speed of generating chaotic keys. Conclusion: One of the available methods to ensure the security of images during transmission in computer networks is image encryption. In image encryption, one of the important steps is to generate encryption keys. Pseudo-random keys can be generated by using chaotic functions. There are different types of chaotic functions that it is better to choose a suitable function for image encryption according to the type of image. The use of chaos functions increases the security factor of image encryption; but it usually requires a lot of calculations. This volume of calculations can reduce the encryption speed. To solve this problem, different parallelization methods can be used. Keywords: image encryption, chaos functions, optimal mapping, parallelization   

In this research, a lowpass-bandpass diplexer with ultra-wide stopband and low insertion loss using hexagon-shaped resonators. The proposed diplexer consists of a bandpass (BPF) and a lowpass filter (LPF), representing the core concept of the proposed design method that aims to concurrently design BPF and LPF. In this proposed design method, the influence of the LPF filter on the BPF's design has been identified through coupling matrix analysis for the first time. Initially, an LPF is designed based on three coupled hexagon-shaped elliptical resonators. Subsequently, a novel model for BPF design, utilizing coupled high-impedance lines, has been introduced. Following this, the BPF model is developed using coupling matrix analysis while considering the impact of LPF resonators. The LPF have a 1.32 GHz cut-off frequency and ultra-wide stopband up to 17.42 GHz. The BPF consisted of four resonators and the hexagon-shaped structure is used instead of low impedance lines. The utilization of hexagon-shaped resonators serves the purpose of enhancing the precision of the coupling effect, aligning with the proposed coupling matrix analysis. Additionally, hexagon-shaped resonators exhibit a greater capacitive effect, leading to a reduction in insertion loss within the pa  and when compared to rectangular-shaped resonators. The BPF has narrow pa  and with center frequency of is 2.25 GHz and 0.31 GHz bandwidth. The measured insertion losses of LPF and BPF are less than 0.75 dB and 0.81 dB, respectively in 60% of pa  ands

As the first need of human life, water is the most important element in nature and has always occupied human thought. The control and optimal use of water has been a manifestation of civilization since the distant past. The creation of old dams and dams and bridges in our country shows the importance of this issue in the country. Rivers are the main source of water for humans and other creatures. In order to control the water resulting from rainfall on the banks of the rivers, especially in the lower regions of the country, he created canals to transfer water to different agricultural, urban and rural areas for industrial, drinking and agricultural purposes. Keep in mind that this itself causes water wastage and land pollution around the canal, to prevent water wastage and land pollution adjacent to the earthen canals, the covering of the canals should be considered, which in this case should be considered. be placed Both economically and in terms of water wastage. From the point of view of the ruling regime, he paid attention to the current. For this purpose, it is possible to mention the application of modeling of hydraulic structures in water transmission channels with the help of HEC-RAS software.   

  In

  Abstract:Today, due to the reduction in the size of electronic and telecommunicationcircuits and boards and the increasing use of circuits with high speed andaccuracy, the frequency spectrum known as microwave is widely used. Amongthese, one of the most widely used elements In high frequency and radiocircuits, they are power dividers and combiners (couplers). Among theapplications of power dividers, it can be mentioned that they are used insatellite receivers, antennas, power amplifiers, communication and radiosystems, etc., during which these inactive circuits, they divide or combine thepower of signals in radio frequencies.There are various types of power divider circuits, among the mostreliable ones, we can mention the Wilkinson, Gysel, T-shaped power dividers,etc., which are used in different equipment depending on the efficiency. In themeantime, Gysel power divider is more popular than other dividers due to itsmany applications and having advantages such as suitable thermal conductivitycompared to Wilkinson, high bandwidth, optimal matching and high isolation betweenoutput ports. Gysel power amplifiers can be referred to isolation of outputports, input and output impedance matching and their flat structure. Nowadays,many Gysel power dividers have been designed. In this thesis, a new structureof Gysel power divider has been proposed using microstrip lines, and also inthis thesis, in order to remove unwanted harmonics, by placing modifiedresonators with a new structure of quarter-wavelength lines is presented. Thedimensions of the resonators were determined using the PSO optimizationalgorithm, and the results show that the designed power divider has a returnloss of less than -20 dB, an appropriate insertion loss of 3.09 dB, a compactsize of 0.14 ?g × 0.42 ?g , and a high bandwidth of FBW=125%.  

  In recent years, the electrothermal effect has beenwidely investigated in microfluidics and has been proposed and used as a promising technique for use in laboratory devices on a chip. In this research, firstly, a variety of electrokinetic phenomena   briefly introduced , which includes electroosmotic, electrothermal and electrophoresis. At first, we simulated electroosmotic micropumps in two symmetric and asymmetric geometries and showed that in fluids with High conductivity   electroosmotic EO phenomenon is inefficient, and in the following, we have investigated and compared the electrothermal micropump, which is suitable for such fluids, in two symmetric and asymmetric geometries, without external thermal bias and also under the external thermal bias. To strengthen the pumping flow, a micropump with a new geometry has been designed and simulated with rectangular holes where the electrodes are located on the inner surface of the holes, and the result of the design was that the output velocity in the presented design has increased significantly compared to the previous conventional designs. Finally, the effect of the electrical conductivity of the fluid, applied frequency, electrical potential, length of the microchannel, length of the wide electrode, the depth of the holes and the gap between the two electrodes were investigated on the fluid velocity and the maximum temperature created in the microchannel

The current research is to present a new model for low noise amplifier design in wireless local area networks. For this purpose, we consider a low noise amplifier with cascode technique and then modify the cascade. The results of this study show that the modified cascade stage has high gain and optimal noise figure. The LNA will be designed to be stable in the 3.1 to 10.6 GHz range. The results of this study can be widely used in medical devices. The results of this research showed that the amount of noise in the designed circuit has been reduced by 45.57%. Also, the amount of gain in the circuit designed by the author has also increased by 20.5%. Therefore, it can be said that in the current research, satisfactory results have been obtained regarding reducing noise and increasing gain.   

آنتن هاي شيپوري كاربرد زيادي در طيف فركانسي امواج ميليمتري دارند. ويژگي هاي اين آنتن ها از قبيل بهره زياد، تلفات بازگشتي كم، پهناي باند مناسب و ساخت نسبتا راحت   باعث شده در كاربردهاي مختلفي نظير تغذيه آنتن­هاي انعكاسِي، رادار، سيستم­هاي رديابي ماهواره، جنگ الكترونيك، سامانه هاي جهت يابي و تشخيص هدف مورد استفاده قرار گيرد. به دليل كاربردهاي وسيع اين نوع آنتن­ها، بهينه سازي پارامترهاي آن­ها   همواره توجه تخصصين، طراح آنتن را به خود جلب كرده است. آنتن هاي شيپوري مبتني بر موجبرهاي فلزي كه اولين بار در محدوده ريز موجي ساخته شده اندداراي قدرت توان انتقال بالا و ضريب كيفيت مناسب بوده اند اما متاسفانه حجم و اندازه بزرگي داشته­اند. علاوه بر اين ساختار سخت و انعطاف ناپذير آن­­ها، پياده سازي اين گونه آنتن­ها را دشوار نموده است[1]. به دليل عملكرد مناسب فناوري SIW در باند فركانسي موج ميليمتري تلاش­هاي زيادي   در جهت پياده سازي اين آنتن بر اساس فناوري SIW صورت گرفته است. همچنين اين فناوري در ادوات فركانس بالا مانند فيلترها، تشديد كننده ها و غيره كاربرد دارد. در واقع امروزه   نياز به آنتن­هاي جديد به صورت صفحه­اي، فشرده، كم حجم و كم هزينه، بيش از بيش احساس مي­شود. لذا در سال هاي اخير با استفاده از فناوري SIW بخش بزرگي از اين نيازمندي ها مرتفع شده است. اين نوع موجبر كه شامل دو صفحه فلزي در دو طرف يك زير لايه دي الكتريك و حفره هاي توخالي فلزي در دوطرف موجبر است، مي­تواند با طراحي مناسب جايگزين موجبر مستطيلي شود.

  This thesis seeks to design a space for social interactions with spatial flexibility in Razi University based on the shortcomings and potentials of this center and also with the aim of moving towards the new generation of universities. The concept of spatial flexibility is achieved by the multi-functionality, changeability and redefinability of the architectural space, which aims to continuously change the pattern of human life and remain constant within the space. In order to achieve this goal, we must answer questions such as: A: Flexibility in the space and architectural body is achieved based on what solutions? B: How can the social interaction center design in the university Did you use flexible solutions in the space and body of the architecture? be answered According to the field under investigation, the current research is in the qualitative field, which is analytical-descriptive in order to draw conclusio   In the second chapter, sociological basics and information and flexibility are examined, and then in the third chapter, it is examined descriptively and then analytically with the three components of sociology, psychology, and architecture, and finally, in order to apply the components to the subject, Several topics have been extracted in three areas. The obtained results are qualitatively investigated in a descriptive and analytical way in the environment of university architecture. The results obtained in the research in the field of sociological sciences, psychology and flexibility have been that in the field of sociology, attendance is required according to the components explained in the second chapter and the fourth chapter; In the field of flexibility, spatial flexibility methods have been obtained in three ways and the interference of these components.

راكتور از ديدگاه شبيه سازي بررسي خواهد شد.   

در اين پايان نامه، ضربه سرعت پايين روي لوله­ فلزي با پوشش كامپوزيتي الياف كربن پيچيده شده با پليمر(CFRP) با روش شبيه ­سازي عددي و با نرم ­افزار آباكوس مدلسازي شده است و مقدار نيروي تماسي، جابه­ جايي در راستاي شعاعي، تغيير شكل محل برخورد، كرنش پلاستيك، ميزان آسيب لوله فلزي و تنش در شرايط بارگذاري ضربه­ اي سرعت پايين محاسبه و مقايسه شده است. در اين پايان ­نامه در ابتدا براي صحه­ سنجي لوله كامپوزيتيCFRP   حاضر تحت ضربه سرعت پايين با نتايج تحليلي و اجزا محدود حاصل از كار هاي پيشين مورد مقايسه قرار گرفته است. سپس با استفاده از نرم ­افزار المان محدود لوله فلزي ساده و لوله فلزي با پوشش الياف كربن پيچيده شده با پليمر مدلسازي مي­گردد و معيار شكست مناسب جهت پيش بيني شكست ناشي از ضربه سرعت پايين بر روي نمونه مورد بحث به كار گرفته مي شود.نتايج به دست آمده نشان مي دهد كه لوله فلزي با پوشش CFRP بنا به جذب انرژي جنبشي ضربه ­زننده توسط لايه كامپوزيتي داراي تغيير شكل ، تنش ،آسيب كمتري نسبت به لوله فلزي ساده مي­باشد و نيز در حالتي كه پوشش كامپوزيتي بر روي لوله قرار مي گيرد به صورت موضعي نيروي تماسي در لايه كامپوزيتي افزايش خواهد يافت و اين مهم باعث مي شود كه مقدار انرژي وارد به لوله فولادي كاهش يابد. نتايج مويد آن است كه در لوله فلزي ساده در اثر ضربه سرعت پايين ناحيه گسترده­ تري دچار تغييرشكل پلاستيك نسبت به لوله فلزي با پوشش كامپوزيتي مي­شود.

  In this research, the effect ofroughness on thermal creep flow in microchannels has been investigated. Forthis purpose, a planar microchannel is considered in which a linear temperaturegradient is applied on the walls. In order for the wall temperature gradient tobe the only factor for creating the flow, the pressure at the inlet and outletof the microchannel is assumed to be the same. The dimensions of the channelare 0.2 x 1.2 µm, and different linear temperature gradients are applied to itswall. The flow is in the range of 0.002 ? Kn ? 0.2, that is, the slip flowregime. The governing equations, including continuity, Navier-Stokes and energyequations along with the velocity slip and temperature jump boundaryconditions, have been solved in the COMSOL Multiphysics software environment.Roughness is modeled using W-M fractal function, which is a completely randommodel. The effect of various fractal roughness parameters on thermal creep flowhas been investigated in detail, including relative roughness, 0 ? ? ? 4,fractal dimension, 2 < D < 1, and roughness density 1 ? Rd ? 5. Theresults show that the mass flow rate in rough microchannels is lower than thesmooth ones; And this decrease is more noticeable in higher Knudsen numbers.Therefore, in small Knudsen numbers and close to the continuum flow regime, theroughness effect is less important. For example, a high relative roughness of4% in near continuum flow with Kn = 0.002, leads to 15% decrease in mass flowrate; While the relative roughness as small as 0.5% in the Knudsen number of0.2 causes the mass flow rate to decrease by more than 27% compared to thesmooth channel. In general, it was observed that in different conditions, themass flow rate increases with the decrease of relative roughness, but there isa limit beyond which the flow behavior becomes independent of the roughnessheight, that is ? = 1%. So that, in the relative roughness of less than 1%, theflow is independent of the roughness parameters and the mass flow rate remainsalmost constant. In addition, it was found that the increase in roughnessdensity strongly reduces the mass flow rate, so that at high densities (Rd =5), the effect of thermal creep flow almost disappears. These last two featuresare specific to thermal creep flow and are not seen in pressure-driven andshear-driven flows.

Nowadays, people all around the world are suffering from many problems and diseases, one of the most important of that in recent years is covid-19, which causes many social, economy and other harms to human society. Therefore, treatment of this disease is one of the priorities of human beings today to return to normal living condition. One of the most significant steps and backgrounds for treatment of this disease and other similar diseases is nothing but diagnose this disease in accurate and fast methods that are useful for providing the ground for treatment, increasing knowledge about of that and preventing from spreading new strains. There are many different kinds of ways to diagnose this disease, which one of the most accurate and best is imaging and scan the lung and analyze it. On the other hand, artificial neural networks have many applications such as, processing and analyzing various data based on existing data sets from numbers to images, etc. one of these types of networks, is called convolutional neural networks, which are specifically used for analyzing, classification and processing various images. In this research, our goal is processing lung scan images by convolutional neural networks and receive the results in the output. Our results appear in the output according to predefined classifications based on the primary data sets, which include conid-19, normal and pneumonia. We can benefit from these results to diagnose and combat this disease. Because of the attractiveness and practicality of this field, before the present research, various researches have been done in this field. One of most important goals of this research is improve and optimize the convolutional networks by utilizing meta- heuristic algorithms in order to reduce the layers and network connections for easier and more cost-effective implementation while maintaining network speed and accuracy.

چكيده مقدمه: يكي از شاخههاي مهندسي برق، الكترونيك، و يكي از شاخههاي الكترونيك، مدار مجتمع فركانس راديويي است، كه سوئيچ يكي از المانهاي آن محسوب ميشود. چنين سوئيچي اغلب با استفاده از ترانزيستور ياديود ساخته ميشود،[2],[3 [اما در دهههاي اخير تكنولوژي سيستمهاي ميكروالكترومكانيكي توجه محققين اينحوزه را به خود جلب نموده است،[3]–[7 [اما با توجه به آن كه طراحي آن بسيار چالشبرانگيز است، تاكنونبصورت گستردهوارد صنعت نشده است. هدف: چالش فوق الذكر به اين صورت است كه هرگاه طراح يكي از پاسخ هاي سوئيچ را به مقدار مطلوبي مي رساند، مطلوبيت دست كم يك پاسخ ديگررا ازدست مي دهد، بنابراين نگارنده كوشيده است روشي را ارائه كندكه بطور بهينه طراحي مورد نظر را به انجامرساند. روششناسي پژوهش:درابتدا سهقانون مهم حاكم بررفتار سوئيچ موردنظربا استفاده ازرياضيات وبطوردقيقتعيين گرديده است. اين قوانين به خصوصيات سوئيچ بستگي دارند. سپس با استفاده از يك برنامة كامپيوتري درمحيط نرمافزار متلب، اين خصوصيات بگونهاي تعيين گرديده اند كه بازاي آنها قوانين مذكورمنجربهپاسخهاييگردند كه مطلوب ما باشند. سپس نگارنده به منظور اطمينان بيشتر، دو عدد از سه پاسخ بهدستآمدة سوئيچ را اينبار با استفاده از نرمافزار كامسول به دست آورده است. در نهايت پاسخها با پاسخهاي تعدادي از سوئيچهاي ديگركه در مقالات اين حوزه آمده مقايسه شده اند. يافتهها و نتيجهگيري: محققين اين حوزه اغلب با استفاده از آزمون و خطاي انساني تلاش مي كنند تا بر چالشفوق الذكر غلبه نمايند، درحاليكه ميتوان با استفاده از روشهايي مبتني بر رياضيات يا محاسبات، طراحي موردنظر را بطور بهينه به انجام رساند. پيشنهاد نگارنده استفاده ازتركيب الگوريتم ژنتيك با يكي ازتكنيك هاي تحليلتصميم چندمعياره بوده است. استفاده از چنين روش هايي چه به لحاظ كمي و چه كيفي سبب بهبود طراحي مي- گردد.  

  Electromyography (EMG) is a widely used diagnostic tool in clinical physiology which is used by physicians to accurately diagnose neuromuscular disorders in patients, particularly myopathy. In this research, continuous wavelet transform method and convolutional neural network were used to diagnose myopathy from EMG signals. The data analyzed in this study included two groups of healthy (20 signals) and myopathy (44 signals). The continuous wavelet transform was performed to decompose each signal after preprocessing operations on them. Then the scalogram was extracted and used as an input image to the convolutional neural network. The neural network structure used in this research composed seven layers which were taught by 70% of the total data. The final accuracy of this model in detecting myopathy from EMG signal was 89.06%.

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE FA استفاده از اطلاعات ماهواره‌اي جهاني ، در دسترس و ارزان‌تر در اندازه گيري ويژگي‌هاي رودخانه‌ها ، كه به‌عنوان جايگزيني براي اندازه گيري‌هاي در محل و گران قيمت مورد استفاده قرار مي‌گيرد. با استفاده از داده‌ها و اطلاعات ماهواره‌اي مطالعات نشان داده است كه مي‌توان دبي رودخانه‌ها را به‌طور دقيق كاليبره كرد. دو روش جديد از توسعه زنجيره‌هاي ماركوف (MC) ، يعني روش‌هاي آنلاين-زنجيره‌هاي ماركوف (O-MC) و زنجيره‌هاي پيشرفته آنلاين ماركوف (EO-MC) در مطالعه حاضر براي افزايش عملكرد پيش بيني MC معرفي شدند. مزاياي روش O-MC نسبت به MC از پياده سازي آنلاين حالت‌هاي صحيح و EO-MC   نسبت به MC مزاياي اجراي هم‌زمان آنلاين حالت‌هاي صحيح و ماتريس ماركوف (MM) به‌روز شده در طي داده‌هاي آموزش است. اين روش‌ها براي پيش بيني سيگنال‌هاي ماهواره‌اي كوتاه مدت رودخانه mohave استفاده شد. در مرحله بعد ، به‌منظور اندازه گيري قابليت اطمينان محاسبات ، تحليل عدم قطعيت مونت‌كارلو براي هر سه روش مبتني بر MC در نظر گرفته شد. براي انجام اين كار ، هر مدل 1000 بار توسعه داده مي‌شود و دو شاخص 95 درصد عدم قطعيت‌هاي پيش بيني شده (95PPU) و ضريب فاصله متوسط (d-factor ) محاسبه مي‌شود. عملكردهاي MC و دو پسوند آن يعني   O-MC و EO-MC نيز در موارد عدم وجود اطلاعات آموزشي مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. براي انجام اين كار، درصد آموزش كل مجموعه داده‌ها از ?? درصد به ? درصد به‌تدريج كاهش‌يافته و عملكرد مدل‌ها در توليد سيگنال‌هاي دقيق آينده در مجموعه داده‌هاي مشاهده‌شده محاسبه مي‌شود.در آخرين مرحله از اين مطالعه، مشكل ورودي متغير ورودي (IVI)براي روش‌هاي مبتني بر MC در نظر گرفته شد و نتايج با رگرسيون خطي، Perceptron Multi (LR)، ماشين يادگيري افراطي (elm)، و روش‌هاي رگرسيون توابع پايه شعاعي (RBF)مقايسه شدند. نتايج نشان داد كه عملكرد EO-MC و O-MC بسيار بهتر از روش MC ساده است. علاوه بر اين ، مي‌توان نتيجه گرفت كه EO-MC و O-MC تقريباً در تحليل عدم قطعيت عملكرد يكساني دارند و هر دو آن‌ها قابل اعتماد و قوي هستند. مزيت اصلي EO-MC در مقايسه با روش O-MC هنگامي ارائه مي‌شود كه عملكرد مدل‌ها در شرايطي مقايسه شود كه تعداد نمونه آموزش بسيار كم باشد. در نهايت ، با توجه به مشكل IVI ، نشان داده مي‌شود كه عملكرد O-MC و EO-MC به‌طور قابل توجهي بهتر از روش‌هاي LR ، MLP ، ELM و RBF است. كليدواژه: داده‌هاي دبي ماهواره‌اي ، دبي روزانه، درياچه موهاو، زنجيره ماركوف، الگوريتم مونت‌كارلو.  

پارامتر بسيار حائز اهميت است.   

   Abstract: An important part of traffic issues, including urban accidents, are related to the human factor and his driving culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of driving culture and attitude on the number (amount) of driving violations among Internet taxi drivers. This research was conducted with a sociological approach and to answer the research questions, the theoretical literature related to social action and behavior, especially the theory of logical action and planned behavior has been used. The present study is a quantitative study and was conducted by survey method in the period of 2019-20. The data collection technique was a researcher-made questionnaire that was tested for validity and reliability. The statistical population included SNAP drivers (approximately 10,000 people) in Sanandaj city and according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 373 people were estimated as a sample and selected by simple random sampling. Someof the questionnaires were distributed face to face, and others were distributed and collected electronically on Google Form. Finally, the data of 366 questionnaires were processed and analyzed in    software version 25. To analyze the data Univariate statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, enter method multivariate regression analysis and path analysis were used. The results showed that a weaker driving culture is associated with more traffic violations among SNAP drivers and vice versa. Also, a more positive driving attitude was associated with fewer driving offenses, and vice versa. In addition, the average number of driving offenses was higher for younger, single, and older drivers who had been licensed for less than a year. According to multivariate analysis, the variables of marital status, social responsibility, participation and role modeling have a significant relationship with driving violations and explain 25.5% of its changes. Also, social responsibility has been one of the most important and strongest variables affecting traffic violations. Finally, solutions to reduce driving violations based on elements of driving culture are presented. Keywords: Driving Violations, Driving Culture and Attitude, SNAP Drivers, Sociological Approach, Sanandaj.

Abstract: The study of neural systems has been of great interest to scientists around the world in recent years, as scientists in various sciences, including biology, neurophysiology and engineering, have tried to study, understand and characterize neural networks. In this regard, neuromorphic scientists and engineers, along with neurobiologists, have simulated and implemented different parts of the nervous system, such as neurons, through analog and digital circuits. Understanding and imitating the natural state of neuronal communication can lead to further advances in the treatment of neurological diseases and injuries. A neuromorphic circuit that implements neurons electronically can reproduce the behaviors observed in real neurons using electronic circuits. The more the operation of these circuits is similar to the operation of a real neuron, the more efficient the circuit. In most of these designs, the effect of noise, which has always existed in electronic circuits, is ignored. Noise is one of the sources of changes in the function of the nervous system that affects all aspects of the functioning of the nervous system. Therefore, it is very important to know the types of noise and its sources in the nervous system and to study its effect on the structure and function of the brain and neurons. In this dissertation, our aim is to investigate the effects of noise on the output of the analog circuit of the Izhikovich neuron model. Using MATLAB software, the mathematical equations of the used neural model are implemented and the output of the model is simulated in this software. We will also simulate the orbital part of this research using Hspice software and examine the effects of noise on the circuit output. Finally, the output of MATLAB software and the output of the simulated analog circuit in Hspice software are compared. Keywords: Neuromorphic, Neuron, Spike, Noise, Izhikevich neuron model.

In the last century, remote sensing imagery has been a major source of information in many applications, such as land cover detection, resource management, and monitoring. These images include a variety of aerial and satellite imagery, the use of which has expanded dramatically by placing various cameras and sensors on airplanes and other aircrafts. Detection and extraction of surface water is one of the main applications of remote sensing images that play a key role in controlling resources and preventing floods and crises such as drought. To date, various methods such as image thresholding, index detection, edge-based detection, and machine learning methods such as support vector machine have been used to improve the quality of water detection in images; However, the main application of these methods has been in problems where the water areas are not very dispersed and the water body has smoother boundaries and in images that include challenges such as the existence of water dispersed areas or narrow rivers, almost none - did not provide acceptable accuracy. Despite these issues, deep neural networks have obtained the state of the art results in the field of remote sensing image segmentation. In this research, a hybrid architecture called "stacked ensemble model" is presented to pixelwise >Based on the obtained results, the stacked ensemble method proposed in this thesis has succeeded in receiving the best result and also achieving the first rank among the participants of AIcrowd LNDST water body segmentation challenge which was held in August 2020.[1]    Key Words: Remote Sensing, Satellite Imagery, Water Body, Surface Water, Semantic Segmentation, Deep Learning [1] https://www.aicrowd.com/challenges/ai-for-good-ai-blitz-3/problems/lndst/leaderboards   

Managing the disposal of waste hydrocarbon gases in industrial complexes is one of the most important issues for industrial units due to global warnings to reduce the long-term dire consequences for the ecosystem and its economic losses. A significant portion of the waste gases sent to the burner are light gaseous compounds such as methane, ethane, propane and four carbon and hydrogen inclusions, which by recovering them, not only the release of combustion products into the environment and its harmful consequences can be avoided, but also global warming and over-consumption of economic resources can be prevented. In the present study, GTL process simulation and optimization are investigated among other burner gas recovery methods due to the production of more high-quality products and better process economy. In this method, in addition to recovering heavy hydrocarbons, methane gas is converted into valuable materials such as gasoline, LPG or LNG with a lower sulfur content than usual. This process was further enhanced by the addition of a membrane unit, which increased hydrocarbon production by 13% to justify the increased fixed and operating costs of the membrane unit. Also, by returning the water leaving the membrane to the reforming reactor, the amount of water vapor requested from the water, electricity and steam unit is reduced by 92%. Furthermore, carbon dioxide produced by GTL reactor in reforming reactor is used to increase the production of synthesized gas by up to 7%.   

AbstractPredicting the stock market is an important and challenging task. Traditional stock market forecasting methods uses only historical stock trading data and related numerical indicators, but with the grows of information about the stock market on the Web, researchers began to use this valuable information to increase the accuracy of stock value forecasting. In many previous studies, only one additional data source has been used to combine with the historical stock data source, which can not show the impact of other information on the stock market price trend properly. And in many studies, they have relied on one learning algorithm, which means that we can not achieve the most accurate forecast for stock value.In this study, by collecting three different stock data sources (historical stock data source, social network data source and daily news data source), we tried to use different aspects affecting stock value in predicting stock value to be more accurate than The traditional way. To do this, we first analyzed the opinions extracted about the stock, from the Twitter social network and the daily news data source extracted from the Reddit news website, using a hybrid opinion mining model, and from this, emotional indicators such as The polarity and subjectivity of each sentence were extracted. Then, by combining these indicators with the historical stock data source, we proceeded to create the final composite data source. Then, by using different >The results of this study showed that in Apple, Cisco and Boeing stocks, the use of information combination has improved the accuracy of stock value forecasting to 65%, and with the analysis of the principal component, this amount reached over 80%, which compared to The traditional method, which is less than 60%, is a good improvement. The experiments also showed that the use of XGBoost >Keywords: stock market prediction, information combination, sentiment Analysis, social network  

Abstract Today, the use of solar collectors in the form of renewable energy has been considered due to limited fossil resources and high cost and environmental pollution. In the present study, the performance of the Evacuated Tube Collector was studied using computational fluid dynamics. Thus, and 0.5% as well as changing the position of the Evacuated Tube Collector in the effect of CuO, Al2O3, TiO2 and Ag nanofluids in volume percentages of 0.25 five angles between 10 , 80, equations are analyzed using the Simple algorithm and the Boussinesq are investigated. meshing was performed by Gambit software version 2.4.6 and fluid dynamic modeling was performed by Ansys Fluent 15 software. Fluid flow other places and in the upper half of the collector or the condenser pipe approximation. The results of velocity and temperature inside the collector showed that the flow velocity in the middle of the collector is higher than inside the tank is slightly weaker and in the lower half of the collector ortemperature is maximum and reaches about 370 K. The values ??of average the evaporator absorber pipe is very weak. In such a way that heat exchange is done through almost zero displacement and most of the heat transfer is done through thermal conduction. Also, in the lower half of the collector, theis below 0.1 m / s. The results of changing the angle of the collector on its temperature and velocity of flow inside the collector are a function of changes in radiation flux during the day, so that these values ??are maximum in the middle of the day and minimum during the morning and evening. The maximum speedtank in relation to increasing the angle of the vacuum tube solar collector are performance showed that the flow velocity inside the collector increased with increasing angle, so that the flow velocity at an angle of 80 degrees was twice that of an angle of 60 degrees. However, the temperature changes of the storagethe effect of CuO, Al2O3, TiO2 and Ag nanofluids on the collector performance first increasing and then decreasing, so that the increase of temperature in the angles of 10 and 80 degrees has the lowest values. It was observed that at an angle of 40 degrees between the increase in temperature is higher than the other angles and therefore this angle is the best possible. Investigation ofrespectively, TiO2 nanoparticles in volumetric percentages of 0.25 and 0.5 showed that nanoparticles have an increasing effect on tank temperature, so that for CuO nanoparticles in volume percentages of 0.25 and 0.5%, respectively, an increase of 0.43% and 0.59%, respectively. Al2O3 nanoparticles in volume percentages of 0.25 and 0.5 percent increased by 0.85 and 1.21 percent, percent increased by 0.03 and 0.07 percent, respectively, and Ag nanoparticlestherefore the best nanoparticles were selected. in Volume percentages of 0.25 and 0.5 percent increase of 1.11 and 1.52percent, respectively. The results showed that TiO2 nanoparticles had the leasteffect and Ag had the most effect on increasing the tank temperature and Keywords: Solar Collector, Numerical Method, Nanofluid,Collector Angle, Ansys Fluent   

Today, concrete and cement mortars are one of the most widely used building materials. On the other hand, the weaknesses of concrete and failures in projects for various reasons, improving the properties and eliminating the weaknesses of concrete have been considered by researchers. Due to the advancement of technology and materials science, he tried to improve these high-consumption materials by adding new materials and recognizing it. Although adding these materials improves some properties, on the other hand, it weakens others. Civil engineers must use and update their knowledge, according to the place and the need for the best and most optimal form of materials and materials. Polymers and biopolymers are one of the materials used today to improve the properties of concrete. In this study, we investigated the effect of three different types of cellulose and one type of vinyl acetate-ethylene on the properties of concrete. Cellulose Ether is a derivative of cellulose, the most abundant organic molecule on Earth that can be used to improve some properties of concrete and mortar. Cellulose ethers are used in many polymer-modified mortars such as cement coatings, building mortars, tile adhesives, surface coatings and self-compacting concrete. The use of cellulose ethers in cement mortars began in 1960 and to date, several studies have been conducted on the effect of these materials in cement mortars and concrete. Another material used in this study is vinyl acetate, which causes the loss of water in the concrete, which helps the concrete to work. In addition to examining these two substances separately, the combination of these two substances was also examined. According to the performed experiments including slump, air percentage, compressive strength, tensile strength and water absorption, the design of different mixtures of mechanical properties and durability of concrete was investigated. In all samples, for better comparison, the ratio of water to cement is considered constant. The results of increasing energy absorption and decreasing water absorption and decreasing modulus of elasticity were observed in most of the mixing designs. Regarding compressive and tensile strength, materials with different percentages had different effects on these properties of concrete.

  Concrete is one of the most widely used and widely used building materials, which has been especially welcomed in the construction industry due to its easy access and low cost components. One of the most important parts of concrete construction and operation is its processing part, which is necessary to achieve the desired strength, and especially in our country, little attention is paid to it. Lack of proper processing can reduce the mechanical and durability properties of concrete and cause damage to the concrete structure. On the other hand, concrete can be exposed to damage for various reasons, sometimes we need to repair these defects, which can be much more difficult to process the repaired parts, in the presence of materials in Inside the concrete that performs this action, the concrete can achieve the required strength without external processing. Polymeric superabsorbents are a group of materials that can absorb several times their own weight of water and over time this water is removed from their structure, so their type of performance affects the structure of concrete. Concrete samples constitute the statistical population of the research and their construction is in accordance with the standards of Concrete Laboratory (ASTM). In this study, concrete was evaluated by adding two types of polymer superabsorbents in the amounts of 0.6,0.3 and 0.9 and one type of powder polymer in the amounts of 1 and 2 wt% of cement in the ratio of water to fixed cement 0.38. Our evaluation tools in this research are concrete laboratory devices such as concrete compressive strength measuring device, concrete slump cone, etc. We found that the polymer superabsorbents used in this study reduce the flow of concrete. Permeability of concrete is one of the parameters for evaluating its durability, which is reduced by adding polymer superabsorbents, which increases its durability. Polymeric superabsorbents reduce the compressive strength of concrete, which is partially compensated by the addition of ethylene vinyl acetate. At 0.3% by weight of cement, they increase the compressive strength compared to the control sample without processing. They increased the energy absorption compared to the control sample without processing. At 0.6% and 0.9% by weight of cement, the modulus of elasticity decreased. Were observed in concrete, and the addition of ethylene vinyl acetate exacerbates this reduction.

 design interactive IoT smart toy based on Persian language

  First, by reviewing the scientific literature, suitable conditions for the electrodeposition of nickel-tungsten nano-coatings are determined, and after preparing a suitable coating, nitriding operations are performed on the samples. Further erosive corrosion of pure steel, nickel and tungsten nickel coating were investigated .The electron microscope and X-ray diffraction studies are performed at each step.   

Iran is one of the 10 countries with the highest energy consumption of fossil fuels and about 40% of this energy is used in the building sector. This issue increases the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and increases environmental pollution. In order to reduce the adverse effects of fossil fuels in buildings, it is necessary to build constructions with efficient energy consumption. The first step to build a building with efficient energy consumption is to design a building envelope with proper thermal behavior. The previous studies revealed the necessity of determining the proper thermal resistance of the building envelope. Accordingly, this study aims to determine the appropriate thermal resistance for different components of residential building envelope with respect to the climate condition of the region and common construction materials in Rasht city to effectively reduce the heating and cooling loads of building. The current approach to this research is quantitative and the method adopted for research is descriptive-analytical, and simulation. The Data collected for performing simulations includes weather data of Rasht city and the coefficients related to thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of building materials. To conduct analysis, a residential building has been simulated in the design builder software 5.5.0.012. This software uses energy plus engine 8.6 for data analyzing. The building dimensions are 15*10*3.5 meters and it has east-west stretch. Window to wall ratio of the north and south walls of building is considered 30 percent, a door is located on east wall and there is no opening on west wall. Other building parameters affecting on results are considered same as software default information. External Wall, roof and window glass as components of building envelope have been investigated separately. To conduct analysis on wall, 16 walls were simulated with different materials and thermal resistance coefficient. Roof were studied in unoccupied pitched and flat cases. Pitched roofs are made up of two parts, one is sloping surfaces which in contact with surrounding air; and the other is the floor of attic space which is as a buffer between living space and attic space. For roof analyzing 9 sloping surfaces, 7 attic floors and 7 flat roofs were simulated with different thermal resistance coefficient. Also, to determine relation between thermal conductivity coefficient of multilayer window glasses and building energy consumption 18 different glasses were simulated. The results of analysis indicated that the increase in thermal resistance of the building envelope reduces the thermal load of the building over to the cooling load to a greater extent. It is also possible to offer the appropriate thermal resistance coefficient for various components of the building envelope. Proper R-value for walls, flat roof, sloping surfaces and attic floor are 2-3.5 m2.K/W, 3 m2.K/W, 1.5-2.5 m2.K/W and 1.5 m2.K/W respectively. It was also found that reducing thermal conductivity coefficient of multilayer window glasses have not satisfactory effect on reducing heating and cooling loads of building.