Nowadays, in order to improve the features and flexibility of DC microgrids, energy storage systems, generation sources, and various loads are connected to each other through bidirectional isolated DC-DC converters for better integration and power exchange between the buses. The Dual Active Bridge (DAB) converter, which is considered an engineering masterpiece among isolated converters, has attracted significant attention due to its numerous advantages such as bidirectional operation, high voltage capability, galvanic isolation, buck-boost functionality, and high efficiency resulting from soft switching. In recent years, the performance of this converter has improved based on different control modulations, including traditional methods such as Single-Phase Shift (  ) and Extended Phase Shift (EPS), which researchers have studied Conventional approaches for modeling these types of converters pose significant challenges and difficulties. DAB converter modulation is an interesting part of ??research, as traditional modulations have significant limitations such as restricted switching regions. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, dual phase shift (DPS) and hybrid phase shift (HPS) modulations have been introduced. Furthermore, another aspect of the efficiency of the DAB converter lies in its ability to connect to various systems, including energy storage devices In explaining the mentioned modulations, operational waveforms are first analyzed for different switching conditions, followed by a control strategy for achieving the desired power transfer. In this thesis, after studying the details of the previous phase shift modulations and presenting new modeling techniques and closed-loop control for the converter, the design process has been thoroughly analyzed in the software environment (Matlab/Simulink). Also, the specifications, design of parameters and the equivalent circuit of the DAB converter have been completely described and different scenarios have been performed in the simulation and obtaining its results. The comparison of the modulations in terms of efficiency, common mode voltages, and zero voltage switching area confirms the accuracy and correctness of the theoretical contents. The simulation results show the success of the control modulations in power transmission operations by the DAB converter. As a result, the DAB converter has a suitable performance for placement in the DC microgrid simulator system. Keywords: Dual Active Bridge (DAB), Phase Shift Modulation, DC Microgrid, Energy Storage Systems, Closed Loop Control,   , EPS, DPS, HPS.   

In independent microgrids located in remote areas, the development of reliable and self-sufficient renewable energy systems is one of the major challenges of operating power systems due to the lack of connection with the national power grid. One of the best future options for increasing the use of renewable energies in grid-independent systems is the use of energy storage systems. In this thesis, an optimization model is proposed to determine the most cost-effective combination of renewable energy capacity using the war strategy optimization algorithm in a grid-independent microgrid supported by battery energy storage technology. The problem of energy management has been formulated using linear programming and the proposed algorithm has taken into account the limitations of exploitation, technical and land use. Also, the hourly effects of the region's weather and load demand, along with the installation price, have been evaluated. The simulation results for the diesel-based microgrid, which is a benchmark, and the renewable microgrid based on LCOE (levelized cost of electricity), have been compared and analyzed. In addition, sensitivity analysis is also presented to investigate the effect of variables on LCOE and PC (present cost) of the system. According to the tests and the obtained results, the lowest amount of PC is related to the scenario that has both a reduction in storage costs and a reduction in demand for consumption, which is 2113200 (€). Also, the results in this section show that the renewable microgrid has a higher LCOE (from 0.39 to 0.48 (€/kWh)) than the diesel-based approach (from 0.21 to 0.48 (€/kWh) is watt hours.   

توسعه زندگي بشري منجر به ايجاد رخدادهايي متنوع در سطح جامعه شده است، دولت ها جهت كنترل اين رخدادها موجودتي به نام قانون را ايجادكرده اند تا به وسيله آن، رخدادهاي بشري را كنترل كنند. از اين حيث شناخت دقيق قوانين جهت دفاع از حقوق فردي، جمعي و يا قضاوت، رخداد ها بر اساس اين قوانين امري بسيار پيچيده است. چرا كه استنباط هر شخص از رخداد و قوانين بر اساس دانش، تجربه، شخصيت و احساسات است. با افزايش اين رخدادها خصوصا رخدادهاي يكسان و به طبع آن افزايش پرونده هاي دادرسي، شواهد و نظرات متنوع نسبت به رخدادها، منجر به ذهني شدن رسيدگي به رخدادهاي يكسان شده است، از اين رو بنا بر اينكه عدالت در صدور آراي قضايي مهمترين اولويت يك دستگاه قضايي است ذهني شدن قضاوت در پرونده هاي مشابه، عدالت در صدور آراي قاضيي در پرونده هاي مشابه را زير تحت تأثير قرار ميدهد. وجود ابزار و الگوريتم هاي شباهت سنجي با استفاده از هوش مصنوعي ميتواند جهت استفاده كارشناسان حقوقي و نيز دادخواهان بسيار مفيد واقع شود.   اين شباهت سنجي به طرفين دعوي، وكلا و قضات كمك ميكند كه آراي صادره نسبت به يك رخداد يكسان را مشاهده كرده و نسبت به آن وحدت رويه داشته باشند. وحدت رويه موضوعي است كه باعث ميشود قضات در تصميم گيري نسبت به پرونده هاي مشابه بتوانند اعمال نظري دقيق تري انجام دهند و در تصميم گيري نسبت به يك موضوع اجماع نظر داشته و در برخورد با موارد مشابه سليقه اي برخورد نشود. در شباهت سنجي قوانين و آراي صاده مشكلات و چالش هاي فراواني   وجود دارد كه يكي از مهمترين آنان عبارت است از زبان قوانين و عدم دسته بندي هاي لازم در اين متنون است. براي ارتباط و شباهت سنجي متون قضايي با وجود محدوديت ها و چالش هاي موجود از يادگيري عميق در زمينه پردازش زبان طبيعي(NLP) استفاده خواهيم كرد. براي پردازش زبان آراي صادره نيازمند به يك الگوريتم پردازش زبان، براي زبان مورد نظر هستيم. استفاده از يك سيستم شباهت سنجي مبتني بر هوش مصنوعي ميتواند به عنوان يك ابزار قابل اتكا براي كارشناسان قضاييي مورد استفاده قرارگيرد.   

  Harmonic sources such as non-linear loads and low-frequency oscillations due to the synchronous generator rotor in microgrids connected to the high-impedance distribution grid lead to grid voltage and current distortion. On the other hand, single-phase and two-phase unbalanced loads including household loads, cause the injection of negative sequence components, therefore, unbalancing in the PCC voltage. The simultaneous presence of harmonic and negative sequence components significantly reduces the power quality of the grid. In this thesis, in order to simultaneously compensate harmonics and unbalanced voltage in microgrid terminals with interfaced inverter based on virtual synchronous generator (VSG), a combined compensation method is proposed. In this scheme, an impedance-based magnitude-reshaping method is used to remove different types of integer and non-integer order harmonics. To compensate the unbalanced voltage of the grid, the method of extracting the negative sequence components will be used by the decoupled dual synchronous reference frame (DDSRF). Two conventional PI controllers are used to compensate the unbalanced voltage. The outer loop is related to negative sequence voltage control and the inner loop is related to negative sequence current control. The compensating signals obtained from the two mentioned methods are added together and finally, enter the two-level sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) block. The simulation results obtained from the proposed method under three scenarios with harmonic and unbalanced sources are compared with conventional control methods to confirm its capability and effectiveness compared to uncompensated conditions and conventional compensators.

context is one of the primary productive tools of architects, which lack of attention leads to the loss of visual continuity and the creation of an uncoordinated system in the physical image. The common and aimless design process, the visual damage to the northern slopes of Kermanshah and the disorderly body of residential projects are the main motivations of this thesis in achieving the approach of physical contextualism. The purpose of this research is to extract the physical components and examine them in the residential complex in the north of Kermanshah in order to identify the damages and then design the residential complex based on the components, which finally depicts its context and physical values. Create a correct and balanced interaction between the building and the substrate. There have been some researches in this regard before, which only considered the historical and cultural context; But this research deals with the design in a natural and pathological context of residential complexes in the northern slopes of Kermanshah and also provides a comprehensive classification of physical components; It is an innovative research.main questio   What are the components of physical orientation and how to use them. The approach to answering the questions is qualitative and descriptive-analytical. By examining the opinions of experts, the components have been extracted. The resulting components were applied in the residential complex and by identifying the damages, design solutions were presented, which was the main basis for the design of the said residential complex.  

Abstract:One of the most important types of renewable energyfor sustainable supply is solar energy, which is currently developing and expandingsignificantly.   Inappropriate voltageregulation of the distribution network, on which these microgrids are located,can lead to issues such as power quality, equipment safety, system reliabilityand stability. Therefore, the need for a suitable method to adjust the voltageof the distribution system is felt.   Manyexisting methods do not consider the delay of the communication links thatexist in the power system and ignore this important issue to design thecontroller. Communication delay, to a small or large extent, is inevitable inthe voltage regulation loops of solar cells. Meanwhile, delays with large anduncompensated time constants can lead to power system instability and voltagecollapse. Therefore, a robust method based on static output feedbackconsidering the delay of communication links has been introduced in thisthesis. The proposed method is designed by linear matrix inequality (LMI),which is used as a conventional method in power systems despite thecommunication delay, and has a simple structure and implementation and goodperformance. The proposed controller is implemented in the MATLAB softwareenvironment and the results of it comparing with the dynamic output feedbackcontroller method indicate its good performance in transient and steady stateconditions.  

AbstractWith the increase in the number ofdistributed generation (DG) and renewable energy resource units (DG/RES) andtheir penetration in distribution networks, microgrids (MG) have become veryimportant. Future of the network stabilityis endangered by increasing the number of Distributed Generation (DG) andRenewable Energy Source (RES) units. The idea of the Virtual SynchronousMachine (VSM) has been raised to control the power electronic-based DG/RESconverters in order to have better integration with the grid. This thesisintroduces a new stabilizer design for VSM-based converters to guarantee thestability of the micro-grid (MG). In this regard, the Sliding Mode Control(SMC) theory, which is robust against the disturbances and uncertainties, isemployed to cope with the intermittent and nonlinear nature of DGs. The mutualoperation of the proposed inverter and MG stabilizer has the followingadvantages: (1) It provides a seamless and robust transition from thegrid-connected to the islanded mode. (2) It is universal, sharing the real andreactive power during islanded mode and acting as a grid-supporting inverter inthe grid-connected mode. (3) It mimics the behavior of the conventionalsynchronous generator resulting in better integration of DGs into the grid. (4)It can be used both in the voltage-controlled and the current-controlledVoltage Source Converters (VSC). (5) It obviates the need for the communicationlinks, Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and islanding detection process. Themathematical model of the whole system has been investigated. The simulationresults, conducted in the SIMULINK/MATLAB environment, confirm theeffectiveness of the proposed controller.Keywords: Microgrid; Sliding modecontrol; Virtual synchronous machine  

   Costs caused by fossil fuels and their negative impact on the environment is the reason that received energy receives more attention in recent years. Among the energy sources, solar energy is a suitable option for various applications. Considering that the output power of solar systems depends on temperature and radiation intensity, therefore, controlling their working point is very important. Considering the dependence of solar cells on environmental parameters, we will need a controller that can track the maximum power optimally.    In this thesis, the fuzzy control method is used under different scenarios such as constant   temperature, constant radiation, and variable temperature and radiation. Also, in another scenario, the disturbance and observation (P&O) method, which is a conventional method for tracking the maximum power, is compared with the fuzzy method. Its results have been presented. The obtained results indicate that the fuzzy control method by accepting non-linear and imprecise data as input can easily compensate for the problem of non-linearity of the characteristics of solar cells. Other advantages of this method compared to conventional methods include high responsiveness to changes. Weather conditions, the lowest power fluctuations around MPPT, no need for accurate mathematical equations of the model.    On the other hand, the main cost of building solar systems is related to the converters and photovoltaic cells used in them. In recent years, the advancement of solar cell manufacturing technology has reduced their prices, while the price of photovoltaic system converters has increased, so it is necessary to use a converter. showed that it is economically and functionally appropriate.    Therefore, in this research, the common converters in photovoltaic systems have been investigated, and according to the characteristics and advantages of q-z source compared to other converters, it has been used to connect photovoltaic systems to the power grid.

  Objective: Improving output waveforms and overcoming theinstability effect caused by CPLs in DC microgrid is the main objective of thisresearch.

Due to the production of electrical energy in thermal power plants, a lot of heat enters the atmosphere through cooling towers. Therefore, the energy efficiency of these types of power plants decreases (the efficiency of these power plants is between 50 and 60 percent). Therefore, a problem named Combined Heat and Power Economic Dispatch (CHPED) plays an important role in the field of power system research because it helps to reduce production costs and also reduce pollutants emitted into the atmosphere by using waste heat through steam. In order to effectively and optimally use cogeneration units, the economic dispatch of heat and power load is considered, the purpose of this problem is to find the optimal point of power and heat production with minimum fuel cost in such a way that both heat demand and power demand can be provided  

  Thin-walled metal tubes filled with metal foam are used as new energy absorbers in low velocity impacts, which bend and crush by absorbing the energy caused by the impact and absorb the impactor's kinetic energy. In this research, the analysis of low speed impact on circular tubes filled with metal foam and determining the amount of energy absorption due to the impact has been done. For this purpose, ABAQUS finite element software has been used and the modeling results have been compared with the results of the reference article in the litereture and the accuracy of the modeling has been ensured. In the following, 10 different models are considered for the impact of the impactor on the pipe. The results of stress, plastic strain, displacement force diagram, dimensionless displacement force diagram and absorbed energy have been extracted and discussed. The parameters investigated in this research are the pipe radius, pipe thickness, pipe length, impact point, foam effect and pipe material. By examining the results, it was found that by increasing the radius and thickness of the pipe and by decreasing the free length of the pipe, the amount of absorbed energy increases and the impact performance of the pipe improves. It was also determined that the amount of energy absorbed due to impact in the tube filled with foam is 5 times the energy absorbed in the tube without foam. In the following, by coding in MATLAB software, the values of local dentingin the first to fifth models were investigated and the results obtained were compared with the results of finite elements. It was found that the average difference of the results obtained for local displacement from finite element modeling and analytical equations is 3.5

  The purpose of thisthesis is to investigate different deep learning techniques that can be used toimplement a system that learns how to detect breast cancer cases inmammography. Today, breast cancer has become one of the deadliest diseases.Mammography is the gold standard for detecting early signs of breast cancer,which can help treat the disease in its early stages. However, mammographymisdiagnosis is common and may harm patients through unnecessary treatments andprocedures (or lack of treatment). Therefore, systems that can learn to detectbreast cancer on their own can help reduce the number of misinterpretations andmissed cases.Convolutional NeuralNetworks (C  ) are used as part of the deep learning process, initially ontheir own. To analyze the effects on performance and efficiency, various deeplearning techniques such as different architectures (VGG16), dropout, dataaugmentation, changing network layers, fine-tuning, etc. are used.Finally, the accuracy of88.69% in the CBIS-DDSM dataset with the pre-trained model with VGG16architecture in two-class classification for the detection of mass andcalcification, as well as the accuracy of 61.31% in the four-classclassification for the simultaneous detection of mass and Calcification andtheir benign and malignant nature are obtained in mammography images. Othertested techniques such as data augmentation, dropout, and fine-tuning alsoincrease accuracy. Finally, these results have been compared with otherarticles using the CBIS-DDSM dataset.

      صرفه­جويي در مصرف انرژي و راحتي فضاي داخلي كه رفاه و رضايت كاربران را به همراه دارد، از اولويت­هاي اصلي در معماري فعلي محسوب مي­شود. پوسته­هاي هوشمند نماي ساختماني در مقايسه با نماهاي معمولي فرصت­هاي مناسب­تري را براي مقابله با اين­گونه چالش­ها فراهم مي‌كنند. استفاده از پوسته­هاي هوشمند اجازه مي­دهد تا رضايت­مندي كاربران افزايش يابد، درحالي‌كه هم­زمان نياز به تجهيزات آسايش محيطي را كاهش مي­دهند. يك پوسته ساختماني سازگار با اقليم، توانايي تغيير مكرر و برگشت‌پذير خود را دارد. ويژگي‌ها و عملكردهاي اين سيستم در پاسخ به الزامات و شرايط جوي به طور مداوم تغيير مي­كند كه اين شرايط علاوه­بر ايجاد آسايش محيطي، باعث بهبود عملكرد كلي ساختمان از نظر مصرف انرژي مي­شود. در اين پايان‌نامه سعي شده با مطالعه پژوهش‌هاي مرتبط با پوسته­هاي هوشمند، دلايل انتخاب پوسته تطبيق‌پذير اقليمي (CABS) به‌عنوان راه حلي براي ارتقاي عملكرد نماي ساختمان بيان شود، همچنين به كمك نرم­افزارهاي شبيه­ساز، مدل جديدي از پوسته تطبيق­پذير اقليمي مدل‌سازي شود و بر نماي مجتمع اداري - تجاري طراحي شده، قرار گيرد. سپس با استفاده از نرم‌افزارهاي بررسي اقليمي، مجموعه طراحي شده در شرايط سايت انتخابي قرار گيرد تا عملكرد و كارايي پوسته تطبيق­پذير اقليمي تحت مؤلفه‌هاي ايجاد آسايش محيطي و رضايت كاربران، ممانعت از ايجاد خيرگي نور در كنار تأمين نور كافي براي كاربري موردنظر، بهينه­سازي عملكرد اقتصادي با كاهش انرژي مصرفي جهت تأمين شرايط آسايش حرارتي و بصري، توليد انرژي از طريق منابع انرژي پايدار و انتقال پيام و مفاهيم از طريق الگوريتم حركتي پوسته بررسي شود. نتيجه‌گيري تحقيق و استخراج كليدواژه‌ها، مبتني بر اهداف پژوهش بيان شده­است.

   In recent years, thanks to developments in electrification, many modern applicatio   such as more electric aircrafts, electric ships, hybrid electric vehicles, smart household applications, etc,   have been emerged.   Due to this increasing demand for the electrical energy, microgrid systems have gained higher penetration in the electrical grid to effectively apply   the renewable energy sources (RESs).   DC microgrids (DCmGs)   have received more attention compared to AC ones to supply these emerging power electronic loads and due to their enefits from the viewpoints of   high efficiency, flexibility, simpler control structure, compatibility,   robustness, etc. A   islanded   DCmG   generally   consist   of   multiple   dis-tributed generation units (DGUs) interconnected by power dis-tribution lines. Each DGU flexibly integrates electrical sourcessuch as RESs and energy storage systems (E  ) to feed someof   power   electronic   load   at   it   point   of   commo   coupling(PCC). One of the main control objectives in islanded DCmGsi   to   regulate   output   voltage   of   each   DGU   at   it   reference value   by   a   control   strategy   using   a   few   communication link   a   possible. Decentralized control strategy is a most appropriate method for this aim. However, this method lacks its desired performance with increasing microgrid size and the existence of heavy interconnections between different DGUs. Therefore, the Distributed control strategy is the preferred method for controlling large-scale DC microgrids. In this control method, a local controller is designed for each DGU, which uses the measured outputs for that DGU as well as the DGUs coupled with it. The problem which we encounter in this method is the existence of a communication time delay in the measurements received from neighboring DGUs. Delays usually cause poor performance and even instability of the system. Therefore, the controller must be designed to compensate for the adverse effects of time delay. However, the design of the controller in the presence of time delay as well as uncertainty in the loads is very complex. In this thesis, using the distributed control strategy, we design an H?

  Abstract Getting the body by robot fingers despite the constraints of the topics studied by many researchers. In studies conducted so far, investigations of disturbance with the aim of bringing the body to a new stable condition have been considered. In this research, we study the garsping model in three dimensional space, as well as the related topics, first, the kinematic and dynamic modeling of the fingers and the object and the integration of these equations using the adaptive control method. In addition to the usual kinematic and dynamical studies, this paper examines the speed and position of the robot's motion in order to maintain the desired position of the arms and body under its control. The simulation results by MATLAB software have shown that the model reference adaptive control method with disturbance is capable of creating stability for the speed and displacement of the robot arm fingers

   Due to the increasing expansion of renewable energy sources in the world, the use of the concept of microgrid has been much considered by researchers. Microgrids are small distribution networks that can operate in both island and network-connected modes. Creating a suitable control platform for the best use of microgrids is of great importance. One of the problems regarding the use of renewable energy sources is the low level of inertia and the lack of inertia in these sources. Therefore, to overcome this problem, a concept called virtual synchronous generator has been introduced. Virtual synchronous generator using oscillation equation will help to create a virtual inertia to simulate behavior like real synchronous generator. In addition to this issue, another challenge that can be raised in this regard is the issue of voltage quality in microgrids. Different factors will cause unbalance.   In this Thesis we have tried to examine these problems. The possibility of switching on low voltage is one of the most basic needs of the network because during a voltage drop in the network, in fact, a series of incompatibilities will be formed between the active power output and the reactive power delivered to the network. By applying this scheme, which uses a proper power distribution between active and reactive capacities, it is possible to eliminate this voltage drop without any other faulty network specifications. In order to evaluate the correct operation of the network under voltage unbalance, the low voltage switching strategy (LVRT) and decouple dual synchronous reference frame (DDSRF) have been used. To prove the proposed method, a microgrid with two parallel distributed generation units is included in this work. Instead of the usual drop control that is often used in previous work, the concept of a virtual synchronous generator has been used alongside the LVRT strategy.

   Abstract   The global prevalence of lung cancer in recent years has affected many countries around the world and has had devastating effects on the international community. Due to the very important features of this type of cancer, including its lack of recognition in the early stages of the disease, the similarity of lung nodules with blood vessels, etc., and as a result, misdiagnosis of them instead of each other and high mortality rate has led to The most important and best way to control and control lung cancer, based on the consensus of doctors and global health organizations, early detection and termination of its transmission to other organs of the body with the rapid start of effective treatments for people with this type Be cancer. Therefore, accurate, fast and accessible diagnosis is the best tool to achieve this important. In this regard, in the present dissertation, an intelligent machine for diagnosing lung cancer has been presented and implemented using CT scan images and deep learning. Also, in order to evaluate the proposed smart machine, MATLAB software has been used and the necessary results have been extracted, and the obtained results show the very high accuracy of the proposed smart machine. The use of transfer learning theory, especially the Resnet18 network, in the diagnosis of lung cancer has not yet been used and is an innovative aspect of this design. key words: Lung cancer, lung nodules, lung scans, image processing, deep learning, transfer learning, Convolutional neural network.

  Abstract: Today, due to the limited fossil fuels, environmental pollution, the transition from this fuels to renewable energy is inevitable. Among the renewable energies, solar and wind energy have received more attention due to better accessibility and higher capacity. Wind turbines with vertical and horizontal axis are used to exploit the wind power, which are more commonly used with horizontal axis wind turbines due to higher power extraction. The generators used in these turbines are also divided into two categories: constant speed and variable speed. Variable speed generators are more commonly used due to lower mechanical stress and higher efficiency. Among variable speed generators, DFIG is particularly important because of its unique advantages. These features include four-zone Active and Reactive Power Control, optimum performance at variable wind speeds, lower converter costs and reduced power losses and more. Today, due to the special structure of wind generators and the way they are controlled and connected to the grid, as well as issues such as variable wind speeds and uncertainties, the use of these generators faces particular problems. These include power generation control, maximum power point tracking, optimum performance at voltage and current unbalanced conditions. The wind turbine studied in this study is a doubly feed induction generator (DFIG) in which the stator is directly connected to the grid and the rotor coil is powered by a frequency converter consisting of two AC-DC converters based on a two-way IGBT controller and a DC link. Rotor-side converter with variable frequency injector plays the role of compensator for mechanical frequency difference with grid frequency. The grid side converter function is control of DC link voltage and in some cases provide reactive power. In this study, the performance and control design of a doubly fed induction generator is first evaluated in balance and then the DFIG generator is analyzed while the grid voltage is in unbalanced state. In a doubly fed induction generator, the unbalanced grid voltage causes the stator current, the rotor current to the converter, the current to the converter, torque and flux to be unbalanced. In this study, the stator and rotor currents are balanced by separating the positive and negative components in the unbalanced state of the grid voltage and negative sequence compensation. In the next step, the voltage of point of common coupling will be unbalanced because of the interruption of one of the three-phase load phases, using the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) with the Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame method (DDSRF) will be balanced and stabilized. In this study, MATLAB simulator software, which is a powerful software in this field, was used to analyze the system and model under study. By comparing the waveforms of the stator current, rotor, grid side converter and PCC point voltage obtained from the proposed control scheme and comparing it with the absence of control on the system, it can be concluded that the proposed design can guarantee the performance of doubly fed induction generator in different conditions. key words: doubly fed induction generator – unbalance voltage - negative sequence – current of stator - static synchronous compensator -   decoupled double synchronous reference frame

در اين پايان نامه يك مدل جهت تامين انرژي مورد نياز يك خانه هوشمند، شامل انرژي الكتريكي و انرژي حرارتي ارائه شده است. خانه مورد نظر متشكل از واحدهاي توليدكننده انرژي ميكروتوربين، بويلر و توربين بادي مي باشد. ميكروتوربين مورد استفاده در اين خانه داراي قابليت توليد هم زمان برق و حرارت (CHP) است. هم چنين ذخيره كننده هاي الكتريكي و حرارتي جهت مديريت بهتر انرژي در نظر گرفته شده است. لازم به ذكر است خانه هوشمند مورد نظر داراي تبادل دو طرفه با شبكه توزيع انرژي الكتريكي مي­باشد. سوخت مصرفي ميكروتوربين و بويلر گاز طبيعي و وظيفه بويلر تامين كردن كمبود انرژي حرارتي لازم جهت تامين بار حرارتي خانه مي باشد. مدل ارائه شده به برنامه­ريزي انرژي الكتريكي و حرارتي خروجي واحدها و مقدار انرژي مبادله با شبكه بالادستي با هدف كاهش هزينه هاي تامين انرژي خانه و با ارضاي قيود مورد نظر از جمله قيد ميزان آلودگي مي­باشد. خانه مورد نظر با قابليت اجراي برنامه پاسخگويي بار با هدف مسطح نمودن پروفيل انرژي الكتريكي مصرفي خانه و كاهش هزينه هاي تامين انرژي در نظر گرفته شده است. نتايج شبيه سازي نشان داد كه مدل ارائه شده جهت تامين انرژي الكتريكي و حرارتي مورد نياز خانه، توانايي كمينه نمودن هزينه تامين انرژي الكتريكي و حرارتي خانه با در نظر قيد ميزان آلودگي و برنامه پاسخگويي بار را دارد. در اين پايان نامه، جهت كمينه نمودن مقيد هزينه تامين انرژي خانه، از الگوريتم بهينه سازي ازدحام ذرات (PSO) استفاده شده است.

   در اين پژوهش نانوذرات دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عاملدار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي هيستيدين و سرين سنتز شد و با آزمون­هاي FE-SEM[1] و FT-IR[2]   ارزيابي گرديد. سپس نانوذات سنتز شده در ساختار غشاهاي نانوفيلتراسيون پلي اتر سولفوني با درصدهاي وزني مختلف (0.1، 0.5 و 1 %) آميخته شد. غشاهاي ساخته شده با آزمون هاي با   زاويه تماسي استانيكي، SEM، AFM و درصد تخلخل مود بررسي قرار گرفت. نتايج زاويه تماس غشا نشان مي دهد ميزان آبدوستي سطح غشا با افزودن نانوذرات افزايش يافته است وكمترين ميزان زاويه تماس مربوط به غشا پلي اتر سولفون آميخته شده با نانوذرات دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با هيستدين مي باشد. تصاوير SEM و درصد تخلخل محاسبه شده نشان مي دهد كه با افزودن نانوذرات تخلخل غشا افزايش يافته، ضخامت لايه بالايي غشا كاهش يافته در حالي كه   حفره­هاي انگشتي در لايه زيرين پخن تر شده اند. نتايج AFM نشان مي دهد با افزودن هر دو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عاملدار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي هيستيدين و سرين سطح غشا يكنواخت تر و صاف تر شده است و پارمترهاي زبري سطح كاهش يافته است. به منظور تعيين غلظت بهينه نانوذره،   شار آب عبوري غشا، خاصيت ضد گرفتگي و ميزان پس دهي رنگ Direct red 16 در سيستم انتها بسته مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. نتايج نشان داد غشا با 0.5 درصد وزني   از هر دو نانوذره بهترين عملكرد را دارد و نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هيستيدين عملكرد بهتري نسبت به نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد سرين دارد.   ميزان شار عبوري، نسبت بازيابي شار و پس دهي رنگ Direct red 16 در غشا بهينه به ترتيب است. عملكرد غشا بهينه هردو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي سرين و هيستيدين به منظور تصفيه پساب كاخانه توليد روغن خرما بررسي شد. همچنين اثر پارامترهاي غلظت COD، فشا عملياتي و سرعت جريان خوراك نيز بر عملكرد غشا مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. شار عبوري از غشا M-0.5 براي هردو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي سرين و هيستيدين در شرايط بهينه عملياتي (فشار 5 بار، غلظت COD = 1000 ميلي گرم بر ليتر و سرعت جريان خوراك 150 ليتر بر ساعت) به ترتيب   كيلوگرم بر مترمربع در ساعت به دست آمد در حالي كه درصد حذف COD به ترتيب 100 % و 100 % مي باشد. همچنين نسبت بازيابي شار   براي هردو نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هاي سرين و هيستيدين در شرايط بهينه عملياتي به ترتيب 90 % و 99.1 % بدست آمد. با توجه به نتايج بدست آمده غشا پلي اترسولفون آميخته شده با نانوذره دي اكسيد تيتانيوم عامل­دار شده با آمينو اسيد هيستيدين با غلظت 0.5 درصد وزني عملكرد بهتري نسبت به غشا پلي اتر سولفون خالص و ساير غشاهاي اصلاح شده دارد.[2] Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Abstract Economic dispatch is one of the most important problems in operation of power systems. The purpose of the economic dispatch problems is to obtain the generation power units in a way that supplies the demanded loads (including electrical and thermal powers) and meet different constraints at minimum cost. On the other hand, with increasing pollutants and environmental pollution, concerns have been raised. For this reason, the economic emission dispatch problems, which are considered in both sides, are very important today. On the other hand, due to the failure of classical and mathematical methods, to solve these problems, considering the various restrictions of power system, due to the existence of local minimums, nonlinear, non-convex, and non-smooth of the problem, the use of evolutionary optimization methods has been increased. Therefore, in this thesis, ICA algorithm, hybridizing TVAC-PSO with EMA algorithm, and a new method based on fast non-dominated sorting and dynamic crowding distance are used to solve problems of CHPED, CEED, and also solving multi-objectives problems of CHPEED and DEED. In each case, each one is applied on several test systems and their results are compared with those obtained from other known methods, the results of which show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methods over other methods, in each of these fields. In addition, the statistical comparison results of the proposed new method prove its robustness and reliability. Also, a constraint handling technique, for the first time in the field, is integrated into the proposed hybrid algorithm, and its effectiveness in satisfying constraints at least cost compared to other methods is shown in constrained CEED problem. Finally, in order to evaluate the proposed hybrid algorithm in solving practical problems, a new dynamic multi-objective test system is introduced and solved by considering system practical constraints, such as ramp rate limit, prohibited operating zones, valve point loading effect, spinning reserve, transmission electrical losses and multi-fuel.Satisfaction of all of these constraints indicates the appropriateness of the procedure used in this algorithm. o Keywords: Economic Dispatch, Transmission Electrical Losses, Multi-fuel, Spinning Reserve, Valve Point Loading Effect, Prohibited Operating Zones, Constraint Handling, Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch  

  AbstractThe stabilization of the slope is one of the most important branches of geotechnical engineering. The occurrence of instability and slip in the natural and artificial slopes is one of the phenomena that occur in Iran and in many parts of the world. The slope failure may occur under normal conditions and only under the influence of unstable mass, or may occur due to dynamic factors such as earthquakes. Today, there are various ways to stabilize and reduce the displacements of the slopes, one of which is the use of concrete piles. Stabilization of the slopes is a function of the balance between the driving forces and the rigid ones, which are performed by reducing the propulsion forces, increasing the strength of the forces, or both. In this thesis, the effect of the presence of concrete piles on the stabilization of the slopes and the reduction of its deformation in dynamic loading mode has been investigated by the abaqus finite element software. Also, the effect of some parameters such as the distance between the piles, the length of the piles, the diameter of the piles, the study of the modification of the behavioral model from Mohar-Columbus to Dragar-Prager and the study of the effect of the variation of the layers of the lower layer of the gable on the level of girder stability has been studied. The results of the analysis show that the use of pile plays an effective role in reducing horizontal and vertical displacements.  Keyword: Slope stabilization, Numerical analysis, Pile, Dynamic analysis, Abaqus

Abstract The advancement of technology and the Internet has led to an ever-increasing growth of databases, especially images, which has led to the search for the desired image and its recovery from the massive amount of databases. searching for images from the past has been an important research topic and several methods have been proposed, including methods for image retrieval based on text, the text-based retrieval method is a basic method and performs searches using the keywords defined for each image, given that the method of text search was a time consuming and costly method. attempts toward other methods and techniques, namely, image retrieval based on content, were made using descriptors of structural elements or low-level features of the image, ie, color, texture and shape, so that we can look at the search image. in this research, we have tried to describe the structural elements of SED and compare it with other descriptors and algorithms that are implemented in this implemented project and to achieve a higher degree of accuracy. by researching and investigating methods and descriptors of structural elements that utilize low-level features of color and texture, the proposed combination method is presented using structural elements and color difference histograms. on the other hand, considering that changing the size of images is an important issue and accessing the image with different sizes is considered an important issue, so the results of different methods of extracting features in 128× 128, 64× 64, 32× 32, 16× 16 and 8×

  SRM motors have attracted considerable attention due to its low cost and robust structure, high efficiency, and the ability to track at variable and high speed and high ambient temperature. SRM engines are one of the oldest types of electric motors that were left out of the lack because of proper control systems, but today with modern semiconductor technology, SRM engines can be made cheap and even easier than induction motors, and will Compete with all other electric motors soon. One of the problems with this machine is the speed control complexity that is influenced by the effect of the voltage thresholds of each phase and the detection pulses which applied on phases but nowadays engineers are working to overcome the obstacles that cause these problems over time.

The density of the presence of small renewable resources, such as solar cells, fuel cells and small internal combustion engines, is increasing at day-to-day distribution levels. This increase in the presence of renewable energy sources in distribution systems has created a new structure called the micro-grid. A micro-grid is known as a small-size power system, consisting of distributed products, energy storage systems, and various types of electrical and thermal loads. For micro-grids, two major modes of operation are defined: network-connected mode and island mode. Micro-grids are normally operated as systems connected to the network, but can operate in island mode if network errors occur. The micro-grid control strategy includes PQ method in network-connected mode and v / f method in island mode. In this thesis, the aim of the project is to design the initial control consisting of droop controller in island mode and PQ controller in the network-connected grid, which consists of three distributed generation units, including solar cell, wind turbine and battery. After the design of the initial control to improve the performance and compensate the voltage drop caused by the control of the primary level, secondary control is used. In the designed controllers of secondary level, the optimal setting of compensating parameters is made. We use the PSO algorithm and robust control to adjust the compensator parameters. Finally, the results are analyzed and compared with each other.