Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify and prioritize investment opportunities in the field of small industries (case study: Kermanshah Industrial Parks Company). In this regard, this chapter begins with a statement of the problem. In this section, an attempt has been made to clarify the subject under study and enable the reader to understand its meaning. In the second section, the importance and necessity of conducting the research are discussed. In the following sections, the research objectives, questions, and hypotheses are discussed. Then, conceptual and operational definitions and the scope of the research (subject, temporal, and spatial scope) are discussed.  

      This study was conducted with the aim of elucidating the relationship between gamification and customer engagement in online businesses and of proposing an integrated conceptual model in this domain. The central research question concerned the mechanisms and elements through which gamification can enhance the emotional, cognitive, and social dimensions of customer engagement within digital environments. The research employed an exploratory mixed-methods approach and was carried out in two qualitative and quantitative phases.    In the qualitative phase, qualitative data were collected through a systematic thematic analysis of the existing literature as well as semi?structured interviews with 12 academic and professional experts in the fields of management, entrepreneurship, psychology, economics, and education. Participants were selected through purposive sampling based on expertise, academic background, and relevant professional experience, and data collection continued until theoretical saturation was achieved. The interview data were analyzed and categorized using open, axial, and selective coding. Based on the results of the qualitative analysis and themes extracted from the interviews, the dimensions and elements of gamification were identified, and the conceptual model of the study was developed.    Findings from this phase indicated that gamification in online businesses is not limited to commonly known mechanical elements such as points, badges, medals, leaderboards, levels, missions, and immediate feedback. Rather, a set of emerging, experience?based elements—directly derived from the qualitative data and semi?structured interviews—also affects various dimensions of customer engagement. These emerging elements included self?expression through identity representation and enhanced psychological ownership; the creation of pleasure as a positive emotional experience; purposeful and staged accomplishment of missions and levels; long?term motivation focused on sustained interaction; problem?solving ability through cognitive challenges; meaningful role?playing; the use of simulators for risk?free real?world experiences; implicit learning through indirect interaction; and the capability to combine physical and cognitive aspects simultaneously. These components collectively addressed the identity?related, emotional, cognitive, and social facets of user experience.    In the quantitative phase, the statistical population consisted of customers and users of online businesses, selected through convenience sampling. The sample size, determined using Cochran’s formula for infinite populations, was 387 participants, and data were collected via a researcher?developed questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis was conducted at both descriptive and inferential levels. Initially, descriptive statistics, demographic characteristics, tests of normality, and instrument reliability (via Cronbach’s alpha) were examined using    software, and the results confirmed adequate reliability and suitability of the data for more advanced analyses. Subsequently, to test the conceptual model and research hypotheses, structural equation modeling using the partial least squares approach was performed through SmartPLS software.   

  International economic sanctions, as one of the foreign policy tools of major powers, have been extensively used against energy-exporting countries in recent decades, leaving profound impacts on the economic structure of these countries; this is while severe and successive fluctuations in revenues from energy exports, as an endogenous and structural shock, have posed additional challenges to macroeconomic stability and the investment climate in these countries. In this regard, the present research, aiming at a comparative analysis of the effects of international sanctions on the economic resilience of Iran and Russia as two major energy-exporting economies under extensive sanctions, has analyzed the role of energy revenues and government effectiveness in shaping the resilience capacity of these two countries. This study employs annual data from the period 2005 to 2022 and utilizes the Time-Series Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) as its analytical tool. The empirical findings reveal striking structural differences between the two economies. Regarding sanctions, a negative and significant coefficient is observed in both countries, but its intensity in Iran (-0.79) is approximately four times stronger than in Russia (-0.21), indicating the higher vulnerability of Iran's economic structure. For the energy revenue variable, the results are even more contradictory: this variable has a weakening effect on resilience in Iran (coefficient -0.01), confirming the "resource curse" phenomenon; while in Russia, a strengthening relationship (positive coefficient 0.00003) is established, indicating more efficient management of oil revenues. The most significant contrast occurs in the role of government effectiveness: this institutional indicator is the strongest factor increasing resilience in Russia (coefficient +1.74); however, in Iran, it shows an inverse and weakening relationship (coefficient -0.46), reflecting the characteristics of a rentier political economy and the inefficiency of government interventions. Finally, the interaction effect of sanctions and energy revenue is positive and significant in both countries, which testifies to the role of energy revenues as a mitigating shield in reducing the destructive effects of sanctio   although the size of this mitigating effect is also estimated to be stronger in Iran. In summary, this research concludes that the difference in the economic resilience of Iran and Russia in the face of external shocks is not only due to the scale of the shocks but is primarily the product of differences in the quality of governance institutions and the structural capacity of the economy to transform resource revenues into productive and resilient investment.

The food industry, as a strategic sector of Iran's economy, plays a crucial role in creating sustainable employment, ensuring food security, and promoting regional development. However, in many less-developed areas, including Kermanshah province, attracting investors in this sector faces structural and institutional challenges. Identifying the factors influencing investment attraction can therefore facilitate economic growth and reduce regional inequalities. This study aims to identify and prioritize methods for attracting investors in small food businesses in Kermanshah. The research is applied in nature and follows a sequential exploratory mixed-methods approach. The population included local experts, managers, and specialists active in the province's industrial towns and zones. A purposeful snowball sampling method was used, and finally, 14 experts participated in a fuzzy Delphi process. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires and analyzed using content analysis,    23, and Excel 2013. The findings indicate that attracting investors in less-developed food industry areas depends on four main dimensions: economic, political, governmental, and organizational. Among these, the economic dimension carries the greatest weight, with key indicators including improved production infrastructure, targeted financial support, and workforce skill development. The results can serve as a basis for developing investment attraction policies, improving infrastructure, and enhancing government-private sector interaction in Kermanshah province. Additionally, these findings provide a model for other less-developed regions of the country to guide sustainable regional development and investment strategies.   

   The present study aims to identify and analyze the challenges of creating sustainable employment for individuals with disabilities in workshop units supported by the Welfare Organization of Kermanshah Province. Sustainable employment, a key component in human and social development and crucial for enhancing the dignity and social participation of people with disabilities, continues to face issues such as unemployment and discrimination despite existing protective legislation. This qualitative study employed a qualitative content analysis approach, conducting 20 semi-structured interviews with experts in the field of employment for people with disabilities (using purposive snowball sampling) to analyze the data. Findings indicate that the challenges to sustainable employment for individuals with disabilities are multidimensional and intersectoral, >   Keywords: Sustainable employment of persons with disabilities, welfare, social entrepreneurship, social support, sheltered workshops, empowerment of persons with disabilities

  One of

Fair distribution of income is one of the obvious examples of social justice, and nowadays it is one of the main concerns of all countries, both developed and developing. Many researchers believe that the main reason for poverty in today's world is not the lack of income, but the unfair and unequal distribution of income. Dealing with income   inequality, which will eventually turn into economic and social inequality, is very important, and this will not be achieved unless the causes and factors affecting income   inequality are identified, evaluated and analyzed. In this regard, in this study, an attempt is made to investigate the effect of the cryptocurrency market on the income inequality of selected developing and developed countries using the panel data method during the period of 2019-2023.  

  The present study was conducted to identify the key success factors in the Kermanshah Province Industrial Estate Company. In the first stage, the factors affecting the success of this company were comprehensively identified and categorized, and based on that, a key factor model was developed. In the next step, practical and effective solutions were presented to improve the performance and increase the productivity of the industrial estate company. This study was conducted with a mixed approach and applied purpose. In the qualitative section, data were collected through purposive sampling and in-depth semi-structured interviews. The statistical population included university professors with relevant specialized experience, experts from the Kermanshah Province Industrial Estate Company, industry owners and businesses located in the province's industrial estates, as well as relevant documents and texts. Sampling in the qualitative section continued until theoretical saturation was reached; in such a way that no new data was added to the previous data in the seventeenth interview onwards. Qualitative data were coded using thematic analysis method and Brown and Clark's six-step thematic analysis process was used. The results of the thematic analysis were categorized into basic themes, organizing themes, and overarching themes. In the quantitative section, the key success factors model in the industrial estate company was evaluated. Data were collected through a questionnaire derived from qualitative findings and the statistical population was similar to the qualitative section. 35 valid questionnaires were collected. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its construct validity and composite reliability were confirmed through structural equation modeling. Quantitative data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics such as mean and frequency and inferential statistics including structural equation modeling using    version 27 and SmartPLS version 4 software. In this section, the conceptual model resulting from the qualitative analysis was validated and its validity was confirmed.

The present study aims to present a model for the adoption of artificial intelligence in human resource management with an emphasis on improving organizational technological entrepreneurship (case study: Kermanshah Provincial Health Insurance Organization) in Kermanshah Province. This study is applied in terms of purpose and is a qualitative research using the grounded theory method. The statistical population of this study was all experts in various relevant communities, such as experts in the field of human resource management, faculty members with relevant resumes and backgrounds, and other experts in this field. 18 people were surveyed in semi-structured in-depth individual interviews using a non-probability purposeful sampling method using the snowball method until saturation was reached. Data analysis was performed using the content analysis method. Based on the results of the study, causal, contextual, intervening factors, main phenomena, strategies, and consequences were identified through three stages of open, axial, and selective coding using MAXQDA 2022 software. The findings showed that the obtained categories were categorized into 26 categories in 6 main categories, which included the following causal factors: competitive advantages in adopting artificial intelligence, managerial and organizational capabilities, technical and technological infrastructure, challenges and barriers to adoption, and factors facilitating adoption. Contextual factors included organizational characteristics, technological characteristics, external environment and market, human and behavioral characteristics. Also, intervening factors included training and skills development, management and leadership support, organizational culture and technology adoption, data and infrastructure quality, communication and information. Strategies included training and development of human resources, management and leadership support, improving infrastructure and data, increasing employee participation, developing evaluation and motivation models, creating a culture of innovation and learning, strengthening internal and external communications, and the consequences were improving human resource performance, strengthening technological entrepreneurship, increasing technology adoption and culture, improving organizational efficiency, and better strategic decision-making. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that for success in adopting new technologies, it is of great importance to develop managerial and organizational capabilities through holding special training courses for managers and clarifying the goals of artificial intelligence for all levels of management.   

  This study is focused on designing an electronic

One of the challenges that future humans face is the depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation. Given the importance of environmental issues, all countries are trying to minimize environmental damage by using appropriate methods while maintaining their economic goals, which is expected to be effective in this regard. In recent years, on the one hand, good governance has become a permanent issue in public sector management, and on the other hand, the process of economic growth and development of countries in recent decades has been such that environmental challenges have become one of the most important concerns of policymakers. In the present study, using data from selected Asian countries, which are among the largest producers of carbon dioxide in the world in terms of environment, the impact of governance in these countries on their environmental quality in the period 2001-2020 is examined. Using a threshold panel model, it is analyzed how good governance indicators affect carbon dioxide emissions-production. The indicators of good governance are: voice and accountability, government efficiency, rule of law, quality of regulations and supervision, political stability and control of corruption. Also, a composite index of good governance is constructed using principal component analysis and its effect on the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and production is examined. The cointegration test confirms the long-term relationship between the research variables. The results indicate that with the improvement of good governance indicators and exceeding the threshold level, the coefficients of production variables change in such a way that less carbon is emitted per unit of production. The greatest reduction in carbon dioxide emissions is seen in the rule of law index. In constructing the composite index of good governance, rule of law (45.7%), quality of regulations or supervision (44.02%), efficiency-government (43.94%), control of corruption (42.69%), political stability (36.58%), and voice and accountability (29.68%), respectively, play the greatest role in constructing the main component. Therefore, good governance is a solution for sustainable development, and solutions to improve institutional quality, especially with an emphasis on the rule of law and the quality of regulations and supervision, can be useful in improving environmental conditions and achieving sustainable development.   

   Today, one of the major global concerns is environmental issues. Climate change has widespread consequences for human society, including rising sea levels, the occurrence of extreme weather events, and disruptions to agriculture and biodiversity. Neglecting environmental changes affects human life in social and economic dimensions, potentially leading to a decline in welfare and quality of life. Financial development plays a key role in economic growth and development. By facilitating investments, increasing financial inclusion, and supporting economic stability, financial development contributes to economic growth. However, the question arises: What impact does financial development have on environmental quality? Does financial development lead to environmental degradation or facilitate its improvement? The aim of this study is to examine the impact of various financial development indicators on carbon dioxide emissions in Iran from 1981 to 2021. The reliability of the model's variables, considering structural breaks, indicates that all variables are either stationary at level or first difference. Using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), a composite index of financial development is constructed, with the bank deposit-to-GDP ratio playing the most significant role in forming the principal component. The estimation of linear and nonlinear ARDL models shows that renewable energy significantly reduces emissions and improves environmental quality, confirming the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in Iran. Both linear and nonlinear ARDL results indicate that financial development has a long-term impact on carbon dioxide emissions. A positive shock in financial development leads to a significant increase in carbon emissions, while a negative shock in financial development does not have a significant impact on carbon emissions. It is recommended that, alongside the improvement of financial development in Iran, the production and consumption of renewable energy should be increased to neutralize the negative environmental effects of financial development.    Keywords: Financial Development, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Renewable Energy, Iran, NARDL

The trend of global economic dependence of countries due to the growth of cross-border trade, capital transfers, and economic globalization has been one of the most important phenomena of the last decade. This phenomenon, along with the many opportunities it has created, has caused many concerns, including employment and unemployment. In this study, the effect of foreign trade on employment in two groups of developed and developing countries for a specific period of time was examined through the combined data regression method. Based on the findings of the study, for developed countries, exports have a positive effect and imports have a negative effect on unemployment, and for developing countries, both exports and imports have become meaningless.

   This research has identified and prioritized the factors affecting the development of IoT-based businesses. Given the rapid growth of IoT technologies and its impact on various industries, identifying and prioritizing these factors is essential to improve the performance and productivity of businesses. In this research, the existing literature on the Internet of Things and related businesses is first reviewed. Then, using analytical methods and statistical tools, the key factors affecting the development of these businesses are identified and prioritized. Initially, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with specialists and experts in the field of IoT in IT companies to identify the factors affecting the development of IoT businesses. After extracting the codes obtained from the interviews, the main concepts were identified, which included 6 factors: and to prioritize these factors, an AHP questionnaire was used, which was distributed among specialists and experts in the field of IoT. The results of the questionnaire were prioritized using Expert Choice software, which included the following factors in order: financial factor, technological factor, cultural factor, political factor, human factor, and managerial factor. The results of this study showed that factors such as investment in infrastructure and Internet network, as well as reducing product and cryptocurrency costs, are important components in the success of IoT-based businesses. Finally, this study provides suggestions for managers and decision-makers to improve and develop IoT-based businesses.

In the past decade, there has been a significant growth in innovative businesses and startups in the healthcare sector, which have brought about major transformations in the industry by leveraging technology and innovation. The aim of this research is to "identify the challenges and provide solutions for the formation of innovative businesses in the healthcare sector". This research is non-experimental and descriptive (survey) in terms of design and data collection, and in terms of purpose, it is applied and developmental, and from the perspective of the method, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative), with the qualitative part being conducted using content analysis and the quantitative part using the fuzzy Delphi method with a screening and prioritization approach. The population under study in this research included experts in the field of innovative businesses and startups in the healthcare sector, their mentors and consultants, entrepreneurs and founders of innovative companies in the healthcare sector, healthcare specialists and researchers, and representatives and managers of healthcare organizations. The data collection tools in the qualitative part were semi-structured interviews, and in the quantitative part, a fuzzy Delphi questionnaire. The results of this research showed that the most important challenges faced by innovative businesses in the healthcare sector include licenses and regulations, economic and financial issues, knowledge and technology environment, organizational and team structure, market and marketing, entrepreneurial ecosystem, technology and communication level, social and ethical issues, healthcare system, education and empowerment of individuals and teams, technical and technological limitations, international environment and foreign market, research and innovation system, knowledge and technology transfer, and cultural environment. The most important solutions identified to address these challenges include political and legal solutions, financial and economic solutions, knowledge and technology solutions, organizational and cultural solutions, marketing and service solutions, empowerment of individuals and teams, technological and innovative solutions, utilization of health system data and information, development of cooperation networks and knowledge sharing, and promotion of sustainable development based on health technologies.   

   Abstract The general purpose of this research was to present a model for the development of entrepreneurial behaviors of women entrepreneurs in Iraqi Kurdistan. The approach of the current research was qualitative and practical in terms of purpose, and it was carried out by the method of data base theory (grounded theory). The community studied in this research included all experts and key informants in the field of the subject under study, such as women entrepreneurs, specialists and experts in the field of women's entrepreneurship in Iraqi Kurdistan. In this research, theoretical saturation was achieved by interviewing 22 people. In order to analyze the data, the three-stage pattern of open, central and selective coding was used. The method of data analysis was three-step coding. According to the findings of the research, the phenomenon in this study is "the development of entrepreneurial behavior of female entrepreneurs in Iraqi Kurdistan", based on the interviews conducted with the studied community and library studies, in the total research coding process, there are 105 concepts, 34 subcategories and 10 main categories. Which includes five categories of "causal conditions", "contextual conditions", "intervening conditions", "adopted strategies" and "consequences of adopted actions". Causal conditions in this research include four categories such as "economic factors" with 5 subcategories (marketing development, competitiveness development, increased risk taking, economic networking, economic stability), "professional factors" with 1 subcategory (empowerment and development of job centers), " "Psychological factors" with 3 subcategories (development of creativity, psychological factors, increasing psychological security) and "technical factors" with 1 subcategory (resolving technical problems and providing raw materials). It is suggested that the authorities and operators should plan to amend and adopt the necessary laws and regulations for the development of women's entrepreneurial culture, the stability of costs and prices, and take the necessary measures, and also the laws governing businesses should be redesigned in such a way that women entrepreneurs can Having the independence to act. KeyWords: Development of entrepreneurial behaviors, Women's entrepreneurship, Iraqi Kurdistan.

   Kuznets hypothesis is confirmed in both groups of countries. In both groups of countries, energy consumption and trade openness lead to a decrease in environmental quality, while good governance leads to an increase in environmental quality. ICT significantly leads to a decrease in environmental quality in developing countries. In developed countries, ICT has no significant impact on environmental quality, while access to the internet significantly improves environmental quality. Therefore, the effects of increasing carbon due to ICT development, such as direct and rebound effects, are greater in developing countries than the effects of reducing carbon due to ICT development, such as substitution effects. Considering the impact of ICT on economic growth and development, the use of renewable energy and energy consumption optimization is recommended in developing countries. Activating substitution effects (reducing outdoor activities using online tools) will also help improve environmental quality @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swi   mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073697537 9 0 511 0;}@font-face {font-family:"B Zar"; panose-1:2 11 6 4 2 2 2 2 2 4; mso-font-alt:Arial; mso-font-charset:178; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:8193 -2147483648 8 0 64 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0in; text-align:justify; text-justify:kashida; text-kashida:0%; text-indent:14.2pt; mso-pagination:none; direction:rtl; unicode-bidi:embed; font-size:11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman",serif; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar";}.MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:11.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"B Zar"; mso-font-kerning:0pt; mso-ligatures:none;}.MsoPapDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; text-align:justify; direction:rtl; unicode-bidi:embed;}div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;}

پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسي تأثير سرمايه انساني و سرمايه اجتماعي بر كارآفريني سازماني در بيمارستان‌هاي شهرستان كرمانشاه انجام گرديد. اين پژوهش ازنظر هدف كاربردي و ازنظر نحوه‌ي گردآوري داده‌ها توصيفي و از نوع همبستگي است. ابزار گردآوري شامل پرسشنامه‌هاي سرمايه انساني (اميري،1391)، پرسشنامه سرمايه اجتماعي( ناهابيت و گوشال،1996) و پرسشنامه كارآفريني سازماني (دس و همكاران،2003) بود.جهت تجزيه‌وتحليل داده‌هاي پژوهش از نرم‌افزار آماري21-    و روش‌هاي آمار توصيفي شامل ميانگين و انحراف استاندارد، گلموگروف اسميرونوف و روش آمار استنباطي تحليل رگرسيون استفاده شد. نتايج پژوهش نشان داد كه متغيرهاي سرمايه انساني و سرمايه اجتماعي بر(كارآفريني سازماني) تأثير دارند. ضرايب رگرسيوني متغيرهاي سرمايه انساني و سرمايه اجتماعي نشان داد كه   سرمايه انساني   با 52/0=?،3/0=t   و سرمايه اجتماعي با 17/0=?،34/0=t   مي‌توانند بر كارآفريني سازماني تأثيرگذار باشد.همچنين سرمايه دانش، تخصص، مهارت ،ساختاري، شناختي و ارتباطي واريانس كارآفريني سازماني را تبيين مي­كنند.

Investigating the impact of perceived social responsibility on customer satisfaction and loyalty according to the moderating role of brand image (case study: Aindeh Bank)Abstract: As social and environmental demands from stakeholders are growing, businesses such as financial institutions must highlight these issues in their operations and increase consumer trust. The commitment of banks to comply with social responsibility can lead to the improvement of their currency, reputation and image, which will lead to the acquisition of more loyal customers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of perceived social responsibility on satisfaction and customer loyalty, considering the role of brand image modifier in Aindeh Bank, Kermanshah. The research method is descriptive; In terms of examining how variables affect, it is cause and reason and is applied in terms of purpose. The information for the research has been obtained through the study of theoretical foundations and a questionnaire of 165 people, which was randomly distributed among the clients and users of the services of the Aindeh Bank of Kermanshah in 1402, and To analyze the data, structural equation modeling PLS technique has been used.The findings of this research showed that the customer's perception of the bank's social responsibility has a positive effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty; Customer satisfaction has a positive effect on customer loyalty. Also, the results showed that brand image has a moderating role on the effect of bank social responsibility on customer satisfaction, and brand image has a moderating role on the effect of customer satisfaction on loyalty; But the moderating role of brand image on the effect of bank social responsibility on customer loyalty is not significant

   Background and objectives: With the advancement of digital technology, industries are increasingly utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to reduce human costs and enhance efficiency. In recent years, AI-powered customer services, such as smart robots, voice recognition, and other intelligent technologies, have been widely employed in the customer service industry. Furthermore, due to the significant increase in the number of users, continuous expansion of customer consultations, staff shortages, low work efficiency, repetitive manual errors in business, and other challenges, the importance of AI-powered customer services is growing day by day. Understanding the significance of innovation in services through AI technology is crucial because customer satisfaction is a significant outcome of service innovation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the factors influencing customer satisfaction with AI-powered customer services in online shopping. Research Methodology: This study is applied in terms of objective, descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method, and mixed-methods in terms of data type. The qualitative part of the study involved reviewing 90 articles and extracting dimensions and relevant codes through content analysis. In the quantitative part, a 31-item questionnaire using a 7-point Likert scale was distributed among a statistical population of 55 experts and specialists in the field of artificial intelligence. The questionnaire's validity was assessed using face validity and confirmatory factor analysis, and its reliability was evaluated through calculating McDonald's omega (0/703) and Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Additionally, the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was employed using SmartPLS software version 4 to estimate, fit, and evaluate the research model. Findings: The research findings, based on a combination of three dimensions, nine concepts, and 50 codes, revealed that the components include perceived usefulness, user characteristics (optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurity), and system characteristics (response time, accuracy, and ease of use). The results of this study based on the hypotheses indicated a significant positive relationship between perceived usefulness and customer satisfaction. Additionally, optimism had a positive and significant effect on perceived usefulness, while user discomfort had a negative impact on perceived usefulness. The other components did not have a significant effect on perceived usefulness and customer satisfaction in this study. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that perceived usefulness enhances customer satisfaction with AI-powered online shopping services. Furthermore, user optimism increases perceived usefulness, ultimately leading to higher customer satisfaction. On the other hand, user discomfort diminishes perceived usefulness, resulting in decreased customer satisfaction with online shopping. Consequently, several recommendations were proposed to enhance customer satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and user optimism, as well as reduce user discomfort. These recommendations include providing training for users, offering practical examples of AI utilization, improving user interfaces, providing feedback to users, promoting a culture of AI service usage through advertisements in public media and social networks, implementing security measures, offering multiple options for interacting with AI systems, conducting surveys, and providing a contact option with operators, among others.

Investigating the effect of industrialization and urbanization on CO2 intensity in OPEC countries Abstract One of the most important negative externality of achieving higher economic growth is the emission of carbon dioxide and the reduction of environmental quality, which is partly caused by production processes and is inevitable, and partly caused by inefficiency in the economy, which can be reduced. This study investigates the effect of industrialization and urbanization on the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions using the statistical evidence of OPEC countries over 2000-2021. The results of the model estimation using the panel data approach show that energy intensity as an indicator of The inefficiency of energy consumption and urbanization as an indicator of the lack of optimal structure of cities has a positive and significant effect on the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions, in addition, industrialization by creating higher economic growth has a negative effect on the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions and Economic growth was first accompanied by a decrease in the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions and then led to an increase in the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, improving the production structure in order to reduce energy intensity, improving urban structures in order to reduce the effects of congestion and focusing on improving technology to increase the negative effect of industrialization on the intensity of carbon dioxide emissions are the most important policies to improve the quality of the environment. Keywords: urbanization, industrialization, intensity of carbon dioxide emissions, Panel data.   

  This study was conducted to identify and analyze the drivers of game industry development in Iran. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, mixed in terms of data nature and a descriptive research in terms of data collection method. In order to collect data, first, by reviewing theoretical foundations and previous studies through content analysis method, strategies for the development of the game industry in Iran were identified and through the Delphi method to confirm the identified indicators and complete the indicators, as well as prioritize solutions. The statistical population in the content analysis method is statistical including all published texts in the field of development of the computer game industry in the world that have been related to the subject of research. The statistical population of the research in Delphi method, experts familiar with the subject of computer game industry with research background, 36 of whom have been selected by purposive sampling method and then snowball to reach the theoretical saturation. This research has been done from April 1400 to February 1400. Findings show that in the content analysis method, 50 indicators were identified to identify and analyze the drivers of the development of the computer game industry in Iran and reached the Delphi stage. In the three rounds of Delphi, 14 indicators were added to the indicators and out of a total of 64 indicators, only 9 indicators were not agreed upon by the experts. The proposed model of this research has 6 dimensions, 26 components and 55 indicators. The results showed that the computer game industry in Iran has a series of supportive dimensions including: legal drivers, drivers of knowledge-based economy, drivers of human resource management, drivers of supply chain management, drivers of market management and advertising, and drivers Is the technical infrastructure of the gaming industry. During the research, solutions for the development and progress of the computer game industry in Iran were presented.