The present study was

 Abstract Objective: The present study aims to determine the relationship between job competencies, employability, and career path adaptability with the career mission of female teachers in Sar-e-Pol-e-Zahab, emphasizing the mediating role of meaningful work and career commitment. Method: This study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in nature. The statistical population includes all female teachers working in schools in Sar-e-Pol-e-Zahab in the academic year 1403-1404. The sampling method was used to select 220 people based on the Cochran formula. The data collection tools included the Employability Development Profile of Pool et al. (2014), the Career Path Adaptability Scale of Savikas et al. (2012), the Career Path Competency Scale of Ackermans et al. (2013), the Work Meaningfulness Questionnaire of Arnaud-Nicolas et al. (2016), the Job Commitment Questionnaire of Blau (2009), and the Job Mission Questionnaire of Dobra and Tosikhars (2011). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationships between variables, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the causal relationships and the role of mediating variables. Findings: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between job competencies, employability, and career path adaptability with the career mission of female teachers. The standard regression coefficient for job competencies is 0.672, for employability 0.590, and for career path adaptability 0.696. Also, work meaningfulness and job commitment have a significant mediating role. The Sobel coefficient for work meaningfulness in these relationships was 10.07, 6.89, and 10.07, respectively. The goodness-of-fit indices of the model indicated the optimal fit of the structural model. Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that improving job competencies, employability, and career path adaptability, along with enhancing work meaningfulness and career commitment, has a positive effect on strengthening the sense of career mission in female teachers. These results can help educational policymakers in providing better conditions for female teachers.

   purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of creative drama on enhancing prosocial behavior, empathy, and self-regulation in preschool children.   Metod: The study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population included all preschool students enrolled in the 2024-2025 academic year. The sample consisted of 40 conveniently selected children (20 girls and 20 boys), randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group (20 children each). Both groups were pretested using three instruments: the Prosocial Scale from Goodman’s Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (1997), the Parent-Reported Empathy Quotient (EQ) by Auyeung et al. (2009), and the Self-Restraint Scale by Babadi & Meshkani (2010). The experimental group then participated in a one-month creative drama program (nine one-hour sessions) focused on enhancing prosocial behavior, empathy, and self-regulation, while the control group received no intervention. After the program, both groups were reassessed. Four weeks after the sessions, a follow-up test was administered to parents. The collected data on prosocial behavior, empathy, and self-regulation were analyzed using    software and ANCOVA.   Results: The ANCOVA results revealed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Children in the experimental group showed higher scores in prosocial behavior, empathy, and self-regulation after the creative drama intervention compared to the control group. Additionally, the data indicated that girls in both groups scored higher on average than boys, with female participants demonstrating greater improvement. The follow-up test confirmed the lasting effects of the intervention in the experimental group.   Conclusion: The findings suggest that creative drama positively influences prosocial behavior, empathy, and self-regulation in preschool children, enhancing their performance in these areas. In other words, creative drama proves to be an effective, engaging, and enjoyable educational tool for fostering these skills in children. Thus, it is recommended that creative drama be utilized in educational, clinical, and therapeutic settings as an indirect yet fun and interactive teaching technique to address challenges related to prosocial behavior, empathy, and self-regulation.   Keywords: Creative drama, prosocial behavior, empathy, self-regulation, preschool children

Abstract: One of the relatively common disorders among women of reproductive age is Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), which is accompanied by unpleasant symptoms and leads to psychological, physical, and functional impairments prior to menstruation. The aim of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of quality-of-life-based psychotherapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on emotional self-regulation and psychological capital in women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder. This study is applied in nature and employs a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test design, including two experimental groups and one control group (three groups in total), with a 45-day follow-up. The statistical population of this study comprises students at Farhangian University in Tehran in the year 1403 (2024–2025), from whom 60 individuals (20 in each group) will be selected using a two-stage cluster sampling method and assigned to experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and the control group. Each of the psychotherapeutic interventions—quality-of-life-based psychotherapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy—will be implemented in eight 90-minute sessions. Data will be collected using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (  T), the standard Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Emotional Styles) by Hofmann and Kashdan (2010), and McGee’s (2011) Psychological Capital Questionnaire. The data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Multivariate Analysis of Covariance – MANCOVA) with    version 27.  

   People with physical disabilities face challenges in performing daily activities, making the role of parents critical in their growth and empowerment. This study aimed to explore parenting indicators among parents of employed individuals with physical disabilities. A qualitative phenomenological design was used. The study population included parents of employed individuals with physical disabilities in Kermanshah Province (2025), selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via unstructured interviews and analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. Findings revealed three main categories: "child-focused strategies," "parent-focused strategies," and "context-focused strategies." Results highlighted the active role of parents in shaping their children’s career and social paths and emphasized the need for supportive and educational interventions for families to promote independence and quality of life in this population.

      The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between family functioning and parental attachment with the tendency towards risky behavior in adolescents through the mediation of self-efficacy. The research method was a descriptive correlational type and applied research in terms of purpose; the statistical population included all female students in the second year of high school in the city of Rosen in the academic year 1403-1404, whose statistics from the education and training of the said city were 3467 people. The multi-stage cluster sampling method was used and to collect information, the Iranian Adolescent Risk Behavior Scale (IARS) by Zadehmohammadi, Ahmadabadi and Heidari (2011), the Family Functioning Questionnaire (FAD), the Parker Parental Attachment Questionnaire (PBI), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale were used. The mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the data at the descriptive level, and the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used at the inferential level. Regarding family functioning, the findings showed that this variable has a bidirectional effect on risky behaviors. On the one hand, poor family functioning was directly associated with increased risk behaviors (?=0.18). This finding is consistent with previous studies showing that a dysfunctional family environment is one of the strongest predictors of risk behaviors. On the other hand, family functioning had an indirect, reducing effect on risk behaviors by enhancing adolescents' self-efficacy (?=-0.14). This dual pattern suggests that although poorly functioning families directly contribute to risk behaviors, they can counteract this negative effect by enhancing adolescents' sense of competence and competence. The findings of this study clearly support the main hypothesis of the study that there is a relationship between family functioning and parental attachment with a tendency to risk behaviors mediated by self-efficacy. The results of the path analysis showed that these relationships follow complex mechanisms that require multidimensional interpretation. Keywords: Family functioning, parental attachment, risk behavior, self-efficacy.

The present study was conducted in Kermanshah in 1404 with the aim of investigating the lived experience of teenage girls from parenting mothers with child-in-law experience. This study was applied in terms of its purpose and qualitative in terms of its implementation method, and was conducted using a phenomenological and descriptive approach. The statistical population of this study included all teenage girls in Kermanshah in 1404 who had the experience of parenting mothers with child-in-law experience. In this study, 17 teenage girls were selected according to theoretical saturation and purposive sampling. The method of accessing the research sample was through the researcher's visit to the first and second secondary schools in District 3 of Kermanshah province, and cooperation was requested from school principals who had access to the characteristics of teenage girls. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data, and a 7-step Claise method was used to analyze the data. After reviewing the data obtained from the research and coding, 134 conceptual codes, 43 subcategories, and 10 general categories were finally extracted from a total of 17 interviews. These 10 general categories included: mental health problems, self-actualization challenges, social deprivation, educational and training issues, harmful behaviors of the mother in parenting, future concerns, economic challenges, emotional problems, family challenges, and communication challenges with the mother. The results of the study showed that the mother's child marriage can affect various aspects of the lives of teenage girls in various ways. Family and marriage counselors should provide individuals with the necessary knowledge about the conditions of child marriage in premarital counseling. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to this issue in married and family life.   Keywords: lived experience, teenage girls, mother's parenting, child marriage            

   Entitlement, as a psychological construct, has a significant impact on the quality of life and the level of satisfaction of individuals with it. This phenomenon, which is associated with the belief in excessive superiority and entitlement over others, can affect various aspects of individual and social life in various ways. One of the reasons for the importance of this research is related to the behavioral problems that most only children have as a result of being the center of attention in the family and the way they interact with interpersonal and social relationships. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors that cause psychological Entitlement in single-child adolescent girls in Kermanshah. This research is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of method (quantitative-qualitative).   The statistical population of the study included all female students with high psychological Entitlement who were studying in the second secondary school in Kermanshah in the academic year 1403-1404. Sampling was carried out in two stages. The aim of the first quantitative stage was to identify female students with high psychological Entitlement. For this purpose, 150 students from the second secondary school in Kermanshah were selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method to complete the psychological Entitlement questionnaire. Then, in the second stage of qualitative research, a phenomenological study was conducted using a purposive sampling method to examine the factors affecting psychological Entitlement in female students with only one child. For this purpose, participants were selected from 26 female students with high psychological Entitlement who had obtained a score higher than the standard deviation for interviews. Qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured interview and analyzed using the Colaizzi method. The interviews reached theoretical saturation with fourteen participants, meaning that in both   The last interview did not extract any new information. Analysis of the experiences of female students with high psychological Entitlement led to the identification and extraction of 66 open codes, 14 axial codes, and 3 selected codes. The results of the study showed that a more accurate understanding and recognition of the characteristics of Entitlement, especially among adolescent girls with only children, can be of great importance. Paying attention to the environmental resources affecting this group can also help us design and implement preventive measures and practical interventions.

  Abstract Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the antecedents and consequences of bullying in adolescent female students in Kermanshah. Research Method: The present study was conducted in a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) and phenomenological approach. The statistical population included all adolescent female students who bullied in the academic year 1403-1404 living in Kermanshah. Sampling in the present study was purposeful, in that random cluster sampling was used in the quantitative part and purposeful sampling was used in the qualitative part. The data collection tool in the quantitative part was the Elwes Bullying Questionnaire (1986) and in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview. After identifying the samples by questionnaire, the samples were interviewed and the data reached saturation with 12 people, meaning that no new information was extracted in the last two interviews. The Claise analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings: After the interview, the data were reviewed and coded in three stages of open, axial, and selective coding. Finally, 101 open codes were obtained from the entire interview regarding the analysis of the antecedents and consequences of bullying in adolescent female students. These were categorized and identified in separate categories in the form of 28 axial codes (15 axial codes for the antecedent section and 13 axial codes for the consequence section). A total of 8 selective codes were extracted. In the antecedent section, 4 selective codes were 20px;"> Conclusion: In general, the results of the study showed that various factors, including family problems, abusive and violent parental care, social, economic, and environmental factors, have been identified as effective antecedents in the occurrence of bullying. Bullying can also affect the dimensions of adolescents' lives in various ways and cause various consequences, including psychological and physical consequences, weakness in interpersonal and social relationships, and academic and disciplinary consequences in the lives of adolescents. Therefore, attention to these components is necessary, and it shows the greater need for social and psychological skills training in schools, and it is suggested that prevention and intervention programs be designed and implemented to deal with this social problem. Keywords: Analysis of antecedents and consequences, bullying, adolescent female students

   The present study aimed to identify factors affecting the career maturity of female art school students in Ravansar city.    The present research method is quantitative and qualitative and is conducted with a phenomenological approach. Phenomenology specifically, using its philosophical assumptions, is the study and investigation of the world or the experienced life of people. The statistical population of the research included all 12th grade students of Umm al-Baneen Vocational Technical College in Ravansar city in the academic year 2025.    The sampling method in this study was purposive sampling. Given that the present study is a quantitative-qualitative study, interviews were used in the qualitative part to collect data, and in the quantitative part, the Career Maturity Index (CMI - Form C) questionnaire was used, and the interview method was semi-structured. The interviews reached saturation with 12 students, so that no new information was obtained in the last two. The descriptive method of Claise was used to analyze the findings.    After the interviews were completed, the data were reviewed and coded, and ultimately, 99 conceptual codes and 15 subcategories were obtained from all interviews, which were separately categorized and identified in 4 categories (including family factors, school-related factors, individual factors, and sociocultural factors).    In general, the results of the study showed that family support, individual talent and ability, favorable school conditions, and the presence of appropriate facilities provide the necessary background for the student to take steps on the path of career growth and succeed. Therefore, paying attention to these components in counseling before choosing a major and during education seems necessary and essential.    Keywords: Career maturity, female students      

   Abstract Introduction: Given the widespread use of mobile phones among all members of society and the effects it has had on individuals, many studies have been conducted in this field, and individuals usually devote a lot of time to using their mobile phones. In fact, this excessive use is the same as people's excessive use of mobile phones, which causes people's addiction and dependence on mobile phones, and parents of the family are no exception to this rule. Therefore, it is important to examine children's experiences of parents' excessive use of mobile phones. Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of examining children's lived experience of parents' excessive use of mobile phones. Method: The present study was conducted using a qualitative and phenomenological method in 1403-1404 in Lorestan province, Noorabad county. The statistical population studied was female and male students in the fifth and sixth grades of elementary school who had parents who were excessively busy with mobile phones and were actually addicted to them. The Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire was given to parents whose children believed that they were excessively busy with mobile phones, and then, using the scores obtained from these parents, a semi-structured interview was conducted with children who had parents who were addicted to mobile phones. Qualitative data were extracted using interviews with 20 participants and analyzed using the Colaizzi method. Findings: Analysis of participants' experiences regarding children's lived experience of parents' excessive use of mobile phones led to the identification of 36 open codes, 6 core codes, and finally three selected codes: expected consequences, negative consequences, and positive consequences. Results: The results of the present study showed that if parents who were excessively busy with their mobile phones could manage this use and dedicate more time to their family members and children, they could have a better life with their family and children with a higher level of life satisfaction. And they themselves would enjoy life by being with their family. Keywords: Lived experience, excessive use of mobile phones

   Identity is one of the basic and important concepts in psychological topics that has received little attention. This concept is especially important during the period of adolescence and the transition from childhood to adulthood, when a person develops the basics of his self-knowledge and worldview during this period. The aim of the current research is to identify the indicators that make up the identity of Iranian teenagers. Since Iranian teenagers are trying to define and shape their identity into a dynamic and perfected identity, this research aims to Find out how these indicators shape the identity of the teenager. In the current research, the strategy of psychological phenomenology has been used. In this strategy, the researcher identifies the phenomenon under study, puts his experiences in brackets and collects the necessary information from a number of people who have experienced that phenomenon.The researcher then analyzed the information, in such a way that the information was reduced to reach important and meaningful propositions, until in the combination of these propositions, meaningful categories or concepts were obtained. In the following, the researcher tried to develop the description of people's experiences and the structural description of their experiences (of what the participants have experienced in situations or conditions) and finally a combination of found and structural descriptions to convey the essence and general nature. In the continuation of this process, open interviews were conducted with teenagers, which reached saturation with 13 students.The data obtained from the research obtained 110 open codes related to the identity indicators of teenagers, which were categorized in the form of 29 categories, which were finally divided into 6 general areas: cultural indicators of identity, professional indicators of identity, indicators of Individual identity, social indicators of identity, psychological indicators of identity, spiritual indicators of identity were align="right" dir="RTL" >The results of the research showed that the indicators of the identity of Iranian teenagers include the six parts mentioned above.       Key words: identity, youth, identity of Iranian youth,phenomenology   

   1   Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare mental health, problem-solving skills, and quality of life in elderly single-child and multi-child residents of Kermanshah city in 1403. The research design was a quasi-experimental post-event study. The statistical population of the study included all elderly women aged 60 years and above in Kermanshah province who had at least one child. A sample of 150 people was selected from them using convenience sampling and divided into two groups with one child and multiple children. The required data were collected using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHO-QOL-BREF) Short Form, the Keyes Mental Health Questionnaire (MHC-SF) Short Form, and the He  er and Peterson Problem-Solving Skill Scale (PSI) and then analyzed in    software using the analysis of variance statistical method. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference between the dimensions of mental health variables, problem-solving skills, and quality of life in the two groups of elderly people with one child and multiple children, such that the average of the variables compared in the group of elderly people with multiple children was higher than in the group of elderly people with one child. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that a larger number of children can have a positive effect on increasing mental health, problem-solving skills, and quality of life due to the creation of greater social support. Keywords: Mental health, problem-solving skills, quality of life, elderly people with one child, multiple children, Kermanshah city.

   The aim of the present study was to study the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy along with self-compassion on flexibility and disease acceptance of people with physical disabilities. The current research was semi-experimental and in the form of a pre-test-post-test research design with a control group. The statistical population of this research includes all people with physical disabilities referring to disability centers in Tehran in 1403. The sample size included 30 patients with physical disabilities who were selected by purposeful sampling, then randomly divided into 2 groups of 15 people, experimental and control. A disease acceptance questionnaire and psychological flexibility questionnaire were used as research tools. Based on the covariance analysis done in    software, it was found that the combination of acceptance and commitment therapy with self-compassion is effective on the flexibility and acceptance of illness of people with physical disabilities (P<0.05). Therefore, it is possible to use the combination of acceptance and commitment therapy with self-compassion to improve disease acceptance and flexibility of people with disabilities.

The aim of the present study was to determine the mediating role of self-efficacy in distress tolerance in the relationship between childhood trauma and relapse in addicted men in Kermanshah in 1403. The method of this study was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equations. The statistical population of this study included all addicted men with a history of at least one relapse in Kermanshah in 1403, of which 248 people were selected through voluntary sampling by referring to addiction treatment camps in Kermanshah, as well as addicted men in Kermanshah. To collect data, the standard scale for assessing the warning signs of addiction relapse (Gorsky, 1989), the standard childhood trauma questionnaire (Bernstein et al., 2003), and the self-efficacy in distress tolerance scale (Wolf-Arhalt, 2022) were used. The data were analyzed using    and LISREL software. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between childhood trauma and relapse (rxy=0.740 and P=0.001), childhood trauma and self-efficacy in distress tolerance (rxy=-0.754 and P=0.001), and self-efficacy in distress tolerance with relapse (rxy=-0.724 and P=0.001). It was also found that the variable of self-efficacy in distress tolerance has a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and relapse. Accordingly, it can be concluded that by increasing self-efficacy in distress tolerance, the rate of relapse among addicts can be reduced. Keywords: Childhood trauma, self-efficacy in distress tolerance, relapse, addicted men in Kermanshah.   

   Mental retardation, as one of the major and most complex and difficult issues and problems in childhood, includes people with an IQ below 70 and maladjustment. According to the definition of mental retardation, there are two important indicators for this disorder: low speed and limitation in learning. Families of mentally disabled children are exposed to various problems, most of these problems are psychological pressure on the parents Eighty-five percent of the mothers of these children have symptoms of depression, fatigue, anger, sleep problems and decreased life satisfaction are also among their problems. . Therefore, in this research, we decided to specifically measure and compare behavioral emotion regulation among mothers of mentally retarded children with mothers of normal children. According to the design of the research, which is of a comparative causal type, 214 samples from two equal groups of mothers of mentally retarded and normal children were selected by random cluster sampling method and by means of the emotional regulation test of Krich and Garnfexi (2019). ) was measured. The data collected in   20 software was analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) and one-way analysis of variance (MANOVA). The analysis of the results shows that there is a difference between behavioral emotion regulation, dealing with other tasks, withdrawal, seeking social support. , active coping, there is no significant difference between mothers of mentally retarded children and mothers of normal children. But there was a significant difference between the neglect of mothers of mentally retarded children and mothers of normal children.

   Abstract Purpose: the purpose of this study is to determine the Relationship Between Health Information Literacy and Ability of Encountering with Infodemic of COVID 19 Among the Students of Razi University. Method: This research is based on the objective of applied type. The >Findings: The findings showed that the average response of all variables of health information literacy is higher than the average, and among them, the largest value belongs to the variable of recognizing the need for health information, and the lowest value belongs to the variable of decision making and use of health information. On the other hand, the average responses of all infodemic variables are also higher than the average, and among infodemic variables, the largest value belongs to the variable of different forms of information and the lowest mean to the variable of information speed. The findings indicate the existence of a relationship between the variable of health information literacy and the ability to face the infodemic covid 19 in general, as well as the health information literacy with each component of the ability to face the infodemic covid 19. The intensity of this relationship between decision-making and the use of health information and the ability to face infodemic is at the highest level (r=0.88) and the identification of resources and its use to retrieve health information and the ability to face infodemic is at the lowest level (r=0.60). . Also, the findings of the regression test showed that 31% of the changes in the dependent variable (ability to face the infodemic of Covid-19) can be predicted through the independent variable (health information literacy). According to the findings, there is a significant difference between the demographic variables and dimensions of health information literacy in the face of the covid-19 infodemic according to the variables of age, gender, marital status, educational level and faculty. Conclusions: The results of the research showed that the students' health information literacy is higher than the average level and desirable. Also, there is a significant relationship between health information literacy and the ability to face the infodemic of Covid-19. Therefore, the university officials should provide training and necessary measures to improve the health information literacy of students so that it can help to improve their skills to cope with the infodemic covid 19 and also students should try to strengthen their health information literacy skills. Keywords: Infodemic, Health Information Literacy, COVID 19, Razi University

Abstract Introduction: Social interest is an effort by an individual to improve society and achieve a better future for future generations. The growth of this social feeling, which is considered equal to self-actualization, is largely influenced by the emotional atmosphere, the values governing the family and the relationships between its members, so it is necessary to identify the indicators of parenting of children with high social interest. Purpose: The present research was conducted with the purpose of analyzing and designing a special model of parenting indicators of children with high social interest in Kermanshah city. Method: The present research is applied in terms of objective and qualitative-phenomenological method. The study population of the research included all the parents of female students with high social interest who were studying in the elementary school (second period) of Kermanshah in the academic year of 1402-1403. Sampling was done in two stages. The aim of the first quantitative stage was to identify students with high social interest, for this purpose, 160 students of primary school (second period) of Kermanshah city were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method to complete the questionnaire. social interest for Iranian children (Alizadeh et al., 2017) were selected, then in the second qualitative stage, a phenomenological investigation of parenting indicators that develop children's social interest was carried out with the purposeful sampling method. For this purpose, the participants were among 18 parents of children with social interest above, who had obtained a score higher than the standard deviation (), were selected to conduct the interview, and qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured interview and analyzed with the Colais method. The interviews reached theoretical saturation in the fourteenth issue. . Findings: The analysis of the participants' experiences in the field of parenting indicators in children with high social interest led to the identification and extraction of 206 primary codes, 8 main themes and 36 sub-themes including family atmosphere (strong bond between family members, warm and friendly environment in the family, Children's participation in decision-making), interactive atmosphere (creating effective communication, dialogue based on problem solving, attention and affection, leisure and playing with the child), characteristics (parents' ability to understand needs and desires, parental patience, parental support, traits based on emotional intelligence), situational conditioning (environmental conditioning, non-discrimination between children, balance in material facilities, active communication with the original family, active communication with the school), behavioral training measuring, teaching positive habits, religious education, teaching participation and cooperation, teaching honesty and truthfulness, teaching patience, teaching social etiquette, teaching self-care, encouraging independence), educational methods (parents being role models, setting rules and regulations, Scientific learning in the field of parenting, authoritative upbringing, parental unity, encouragement and punishment, encouragement for discipline), supervision (following school affairs, managing the use of virtual space) and attitudes and beliefs (democratic beliefs in education, positivity) . Results: The results of the present study showed that indicators such as: family atmosphere, interactive space, characteristics, situational conditioning, educational conditioning of behavior, educational methods, parental supervision, attitudes and beliefs have an effective role in the development of children's social interest. Keywords: social interest, children, parenting indicators.  

  Introduction: Throughout life, people are faced with the task of creating a strong identity and finding their place in society, therefore, searching for a coherent occupational identity is one of the most important developmental tasks of teenagers, which the behaviors and attitudes of parents, wanted or It unintentionally affects the way a person looks at himself and others, his choices and skills, and finally, the person's career self-concept.    Purpose: The purpose of the current research is to analyze and design a specific model of parenting indicators of teenagers who have a coherent occupational identity.    Method: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative method of phenomenological type. The statistical population in this research included all the parents of female students with a successful career identity who were studying at the secondary level (second term) in Kermanshah in the academic year 1402-1403. Sampling was done in two stages. The aim of the first quantitative stage was to identify students with a successful career identity, for this purpose, 170 secondary school students of Kermanshah city were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method to complete the Dylas and Jarengin (1981) career identity questionnaire. In the second qualitative stage, the participants were selected from among 29 parents with children with a successful career identity, who had obtained a score higher than the standard deviation (4.15) to conduct an interview, then the data were collected in a semi-structured interview. The data were collected and analyzed using the Claysey method. Finally, the number of interviews reached 12.    Findings: Analyzing the experiences of the participants in the field of analyzing the indicators of parenting in adolescents with a coherent occupational identity led to the identification and extraction of 160 primary codes, 7 main themes and 27 sub-themes including informed parents (raising awareness and information), responsiveness (attention to material needs) , high level of parental empathy, respect for the wishes), quality of communication with the child (intimacy, spending quality time suitable for the child, participation in decisions, expressing affection, family meetings, being a supporter), parent's behavioral skills (being a parent's role model, patience, Being promising, encouraging and motivating, paying attention and giving the right to choose to the child, independence, trust), safe family environment (peace at home, high ability to manage conflict), family structure (authoritative parenting, dialogue and problem solving) , using the correct methods of punishment, setting rules, family games) and control-monitoring (studying, focusing on academic strengths, monitoring behavior and relationships, monitoring cyber space).    Results: The results of the present study showed that indicators such as: informed parent, responsiveness, quality of communication with the child, parent's behavioral skills, safe family environment, family structure and parental control play an important role in their children's achievement of a successful career identity. does Keywords: parenting indicators, occupational identity, teenagers

   پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي ميزان فرسودگي شغلي بوسيله معناداري شغلي، درگيري شغلي، برنامه ريزي شغلي و با نقش ميانجي انگيزش شغلي انجام گرديد. از نظر هدف، پژوهش كاربردي و از حيث ماهيت توصيفي-همبستگي بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش شامل تمامي شاغلين (مجرد و متاهل) و همچنين شامل تمام آقايان و خانم هاي شاغل ساكن كرمانشاه در سال 1403 بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 400 نفر خانم و آقاي شاغل بودند كه به روش در دسترس انتخاب و پرسشنامه ها به صورت دستي و حضوري تكميل شدند. براي جمع آوري داده ها از مقياس فرسودگي شغلي مسلش (1981)، پرسشنامه معناداري شغل آرنو نيكولاس و همكاران (2016)، پرسشنامه برنامه ريزي شغلي آدكلا (2011)، پرسشنامه درگيري شغلي كانونگو (1982) و پرسشنامه انگيزش شغلي لوداهل كجنر (1965) استفاده شد. داده ها به روش معادلات ساختاري و با    و AMOS تحليل شدند. نتايج تحليل داده ها نشان داد كه معناداري شغلي و انگيزش شغلي هم به صورت مستقيم و هم غيرمستقيم با فرسودگي شغلي رابطه معنادار دارند و برنامه ريزي شغلي و درگيري شغلي فقط به صورت مستقيم با فرسودگي شغلي رابطه معنادار دارند.

The aim of the current research is to identify the indicators of lack of work volition of students without work volition. The research is applied and the qualitative method is phenomenological. The statistical population of this research was all second secondary girls' schools in Kermanshah. Sampling was done in two phases. In the first phase, with the aim of identifying students who do not want to enter a job, the student version of Duffy et al.'s (2012) questionnaire of willingness to enter a job was used to identify students who do not want to enter a job, from three districts in 6 schools. It was distributed in clusters and the number of samples in the first phase was 200 students. In the second phase, 28 students who obtained less than one standard deviation were selected for interviews in a targeted way and 20 interviews were conducted, and in the last 4 interviews, information was collected. It was not achieved and reached saturation in the 16th interview. The results of the research showed that reluctance to enter a job affects not only academic progress, but also the development of personality and social interactions of people and can affect people's life path  

   It is necessary to provide career counseling based on scientific and practical principles in secondary school. In this critical period when the process of career decision-making occurs, career counseling with a scientific approach helps students to choose a career path consciously and rationally. This strengthens Employment Belifs, career planning and self-efficacy of career decision making becomes students Considering the importance of the topic, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of developmental-existential career counseling on Employment Belifs, career planning beliefs, and self-efficacy of career decision-making among immature secondary school students of Cherdavel city. Based on the fundamental principles of existential philosophy and super career development theory, a program and protocol for career training and counseling was developed, and its content validity was confirmed. The research design was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test and one-month follow-up with a control group. The studied population included all the students of the second period of secondary school in Cherdavel city in the academic year of 1401-1402. According to the entry and exit criteria, 30 people were randomly selected from the above population through the multi-stage cluster sampling method and assigned to two experimental and control groups. Each group of 15 people, the experimental group received 10 sessions of 60 minutes (two sessions per week) of career development-agricultural counseling, and the control group did not receive any intervention during this interval. The research tools included the job maturity questionnaire (Savikas and Profli, 2011), Employment Belifs questionnaire (Salehi, 2014), career planning beliefs (Brownstein-Berkowitz and Braziller, 2015), career decision-making self-efficacy (Tellier and Betts, 1983). In this research, descriptive statistics indices (prevalence, percentage, average standard deviation and standard error) and then inferential statistics indices (one-way analysis of variance with repeated measurements) were used to analyze the data. Analysis of research data was done using    version 26 software. The results of data analysis showed that between the two experimental and control groups for the variable of Employment Belifs in the post-test stage (F=5.44; P<0.05) and follow-up (F=82; P<0.001), for the variable Career planning beliefs in the post-test phase (F=7.72; P<0.01) and follow-up (F=13.72; P<0.01), for the career decision-making self-efficacy variable in the post-test phase (13. (F = 20, P < 0.001) and follow-up (F = 114, P < 0.001) and there is a significant difference, and this difference is stable over time (with a 35-day follow-up) and these changes in the follow-up phase was observed. The results of the research suggest evidence that developmental-existential career counseling is an efficient method to increase Employment Belifs, career planning beliefs, and self-efficacy in career decision-making of immature career students.

  The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of short-term solution-oriented therapy (SFBT) on the self-concept and self-expression of primary school students (second period) of Selah city. This research was a semi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test and control group And its statistical population includes the second-year male students of the elementary school of Sela city, who were selected by sampling available to 32 students and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (16) and control groups (16). To check the effectiveness of the solution-oriented treatment, the self-expression questionnaires of Gambrill and Reiji and the children's self-concept questionnaire of Pirzo Harris were used. After conducting the pre-test for both groups, 6 sessions of 90 minutes per week, solution-oriented therapy was provided as a group for the experimental group, but the group did not receive a training certificate. and the data were analyzed by covariance analysis.

  Intentio praesentis studii erat ut consilia parietum abusorum eleifend cum bene esse psychologica, sub velamine saluti centers , determinaret. Haec investigatio de genere describit et secundum Fundamental propositum et secundum methodum collectionis notitiarum mixta methodus adhibita est. In parte quantitatis Riff rogationum psychologicarum bene esse (18-quaestionum formarum) ad aestimandam psychologicam bonam indolem abusorum eleifend et in qualitativa parte colloquii profundissimi ad recognoscendas parietum consilia abusorum eleifend quae habent score altior quam vexillum digredior. Plebs statistica huius investigationis abusa est eleifend a centris salutiferae urbis Kermanshah anno 1402 obtectus. Ad hanc investigationem perficiendam, Civitas salutiferae Department of Kermanshah licentiam 4 centra accedendi dedit. In prima investigationis periodo, methodus sampling electus est secundum methodum Praesto. Hoc modo specimen 60 annorum 11 ad 20 abusus eleifend ex his centris primum investigationis ingressus est et perfecit 18 quaestionem brevem psychologicam interrogationis formam. Deinde in secunda periodo investigationis, in medio eleifend quae habent score altior quam vexillum digredior , 11 homines delecti sunt per methodum purposivam et colloquia altissimam cum illis deducebantur. In ultimis duobus colloquiis nulla nova notitia impetrata est et pervenit notitia ad satietatem. Perspecta notitia ex investigatione et coding notitia in tribus gradibus codingis, apertae et selectivae, summa viginti notionum habiti sunt in relatione parietum strategies abusorum eleifend, quae in 11 categorias in genere sunt, et tandem parietum strategies Ablative eleifend in 3 areas: altiore singulorum parietum strategies (propositum occasum, continentiam, cupiditatem academicam, actiones otiosas, problema solvendum, clamantem, abeundi stimulis molestissimis, purgandis et dormientibus) strategies interpersonalium parietum (loqui cum amicis , sociales cum propinquis et speciali auxilio adiuti ) et consilia religiosa parietum (Qur'an orare et invocare, orationes legere, gratias agere, patienter esse) indicabantur. Eventus investigationis ostendit usum opportunis parietum strategiis perturbatis eleifend posse illis bonam bene esse psychologicam efficere.

era.  

   This research was conducted with the aim of explaining the causal model of happiness based on hope, quality of life, stubbornness and religious orientation in the students of Razi University of Kermanshah. The present study was a correlational-descriptive study that was conducted among 371 students of Razi University of Kermanshah in 1402 with a stratified random sampling method. Research tools included Oxford Adult Happiness Questionnaire, Allport Religious Orientation Scale, Adult Hope Scale (AHS) and Life Orientation Test (LOT). To test the model, Pearson's correlation coefficient, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (ML) and Bootstrap method were used. The analyzes were done using AMOS 22 and    19 software with Descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were performed. Based on the findings and results obtained, there was a positive and significant relationship between the variables of hope and religious tenacity with happiness, but there was a negative relationship between the variable of life orientation and happiness. According to The median value of happiness was lower than the average level. According to the average value, hope showed a high level of the variable among the studied samples. The quality of life was lower than the average level, and the average scores of stubbornness and religious orientation among the studied samples were at the level The average was on the high side. In the indirect effects of the model, all the coefficients except for the coefficient of the path of hope on the feeling of happiness through the quality of life of the upper limit and the lower limit of the data of this research were positive and significant. Also, according to the analysis of the overall fitted model in the equations Structurally and with AMOS software, the overall model had good fit and the final report showed the appropriate fit of the model. Conclusion: Hope, quality of life, stubbornness and religious orientation can be considered as factors influencing happiness. key words: Happiness, hope, quality of life, stubbornness and religious orientation, students

   The current research was conducted with the aim of comparing entrepreneurial ability, job search beliefs and career self-concept in female students of technical-professional and theoretical branches. The statistical population of the research includes all female students studying in the twelfth grade in Kermanshah city in the academic year of 1402-1401. (N=5557) of which 359 people were selected using stratified random sampling, 240 of them were from theoretical fields and 119 from technical fields. The main tools of the research were Shafi Abadi and Rezaei occupational self-concept questionnaire (1376), Salehi employment beliefs questionnaire (1384) and Zandi's entrepreneurial abilities questionnaire (1392). The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the supervisors and experts, and the results of the reliability test of the questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha coefficient showed that they have good reliability. Data analysis was done in two parts of descriptive and inferential statistics using    version 26 software. The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the female students of the technical-professional branch and the theoretical branch in terms of entrepreneurial abilities and job search beliefs. Different departments see, but technical students hope more to start their own business and manage a job that they create themselves, also, conservatory students are trained in such a way that they enter the job market after getting a diploma, so the beliefs The positive regarding employment among them is strengthened; But in the case of high school students, the material they learn in textbooks has no direct relation with the job market, and on the other hand, by observing the amount of university graduates who are unemployed, they feel hopeless about finding a suitable job. Regarding the occupational self-concept component, no significant difference was observed between the two groups, and this means that the third hypothesis of the research was not confirmed, the result obtained may be due to the fact that technical and theoretical students at this age are still exploring their future careers. And they have not reached full self-awareness in the field of work. Key words: entrepreneurial ability, job search beliefs, job self-concept, student

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on the levels of motivation, psychological capital and positive academic emotions in single-parent students. The research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a follow-up period of 45 days. All female students from single-parent families covered by the welfare organization of West Islamabad city in 2022, who were studying in the first secondary school, formed the statistical population of the study, with the available sampling method and according to the entry criteria. 30 subjects were selected for the study and 15 people were assigned to each group. In addition to the demographic information checklist-researcher-made form, data collection was done with the academic emotions questionnaire (Pekran et al., 2011), the psychological capital questionnaire (Lutans et al., 2007) and the motivation questionnaire (Harter, 1981). Data analysis in addition to descriptive statistics methods (prevalence, percentage, mean and standard deviation), by testing the assumptions of parametric statistics, Ben-Ferroni post hoc test and analysis of variance with repeated measurements with    statistical software. -26 was done. The results showed that the levels of motivation (?=2.681, F=44.734 and P=0.000), psychological capital (?=2.586, F=87.642 and P=0.000) and positive emotion Academic performance (? = 0.507, F = 116.778 and P = 0.000) was significantly improved in the subjects of the experimental group compared to the subjects of the control group, and this benefit remained stable in the 45-day follow-up period. Therefore, it is necessary for mental health specialists to pay attention to psychological and academic problems in single-parent students, by considering and carrying out intervention programs, to provide the fields of psychological resilience and academic efficiency in this group.   

   The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on resilience and dysfunctional attitudes of female heads of households aged 20 to 40 under the support institutions of Kermanshah city. The present research method was semi-experimental and had a pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The statistical population included self-supporting women aged 20 to 40 covered by the support institutions of Kermanshah city in 2023. The samples were selected by voluntary sampling method and the subjects were randomly selected based on having a score one standard deviation lower in the Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaire and one standard deviation higher in the ineffective attitudes questionnaire in two treatment groups based on commitment and acceptance (15 people) and the control group (15 people) were replaced. The experimental group received 8 sessions of ACT psychotherapy for 90 minutes every week, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Subjects responded to the scale of ineffective attitudes of Wiseman and Beck (1978) and resilience of Connor and Davidson (2003) in 2 stages of pre-test and post-test in both control and experimental groups. Data analysis was done using covariance analysis and   -24 software. The findings showed that group therapy based on acceptance and commitment has a significant effect on promoting resilience and reducing dysfunctional attitudes in female heads of households in the experimental group. As a result, family and rehabilitation counselors can use techniques based on acceptance and commitment to help solve the problems of female heads of households.      

هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسايي شاخص­هاي خانواده­هاي غني­ساز شغلي مي­باشد. پژوهش از نوع كاربردي است و از لحاظ نحوه­ي گردآوري اطلاعات از روش آميخته استفاده شده است. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش كليه شاغلين شهرستان سرپل­ذهاب مي­باشد. شيوه نمونه­گيري در اين پژوهش از نوع هدفمند است. در فاز كمي كه با هدف شناسايي شاغلين شهرستان سرپل­ذهاب تنظيم شد ??? نفر به روش دردسترس انتخاب شدند‌. در اين فاز براي اندازه‌گيري غني‌سازي كار-خانواده و غني‌سازي خانواده-كار از مقياس 18 ماده‌اي كارلسون، كامار، واين و گريزويچ(2006) استفاده شد.سپس با استفاده از نرم­افزار 26      نمرات شركت­كنندگان محاسبه شد. در فاز كيفي نيز تعداد ?? نفر از افرادي كه نمره بالاتر از يك انحراف استاندارد(2/42) كسب كرده انتخاب شدند كه در دو مصاحبه آخر اطلاعات جديدي بدست نيامد و داده‌ها به اشباع رسيد. داده‌هاي مستخرخ از مصاحبه­ها در سه مرحله باز،محوري و انتخابي به روش كولايزي كدگذاري شدند. در مجموع ???مفهوم در رابطه با شاخص خانواده­هاي غني­ساز شغلي بدست آمد كه در قالب 44 كد محوري دسته بندي شدند. شاخص‌هاي فردي شامل: مهمان‌نوازي، نوع‌دوستي، صداقت داشتن، ارتباط غني و ايمان بخدا، التزام به احكام اسلامي، ساده‌زيستي، اتكا بر خويشتن، مثبت گرايي، هدفمندي، منظم‌بودن، برنامه‌ريزي داشتن، احترام متقابل، قدرداني، پس­انداز كردن، پذيرش جدايي ناپذيري كار و زندگي، پايبندي به ارزش‌هاي اخلاقي خانواده، گذشت و فداكاري، كمترين استفاده از فضاي­مجازي، وقت­شناسي، واقع­گرا بودن، انعطاف­پذيري، صبر داشتن، مسئوليت­پذيري، اعتماد كردن، حفظ مرزهاي خانوادگي، شوخ­طبعي، همدلي، رضايت از خويشتن(خودپنداره­مثبت). شاخص‌هاي خانوادگي شامل: حمايت اعضاي خانواده از يكديگر(تلاش براي پيشرفت يكديگر)، روابط گرم و صميمانه فرزندان-خانواده(كيفيت باهم بودن)، ايجاد مرزهاي ارتباطي با خانواده، استفاده از رويكرد حل مسئله، مشاركت و همكاري اعضا با يكديگر، الگوبرداري، سبك تربيتي مقتدر، شناخت ويژگي­هاي شخصيتي يكديگر، پذيرش­نامشروط فرزندان، ايجاد تعادل در زندگي، حمايت عاطفي. و شاخص‌هاي بافتي شامل: احترام به خانواده همسر، حمايت شدن از طرف اقوام، مرزبندي با اقوام و آشنايان، ارتباط با اقوام را گزارش كردند.      

  troduction: Due to the increase in the divorce rate in the past decades, the occurrence of parental alienation syndrome has increased. As a result, parental alienation syndrome occurs in the context of a family where the parental communication pattern is focused on humiliation and an intergenerational coalition takes place, so it is necessary to identify effective communication patterns in creating parental alienation syndrome in normal families. Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the communication patterns of parents who have children involved in parental alienation syndrome. Method: The present research was conducted with a qualitative method in 1402-1401 in Kermanshah province. The studied community of parents had children involved in parental alienation syndrome who had at least one child and did not go through the divorce process. A total of 144 parents completed Roland's parental alienation syndrome scale (Roland, 2018) and among them 15 people who scored one higher than the standard deviation (147.04) were selected for interviews and qualitative data using They were extracted from in-depth interviews with 12 participants and analyzed using the collage method. Findings: The analysis of the participants' experiences in the field of analyzing the communication patterns of parents involved in parental alienation syndrome led to the identification of 105 open codes, 28 central codes and 8 selective codes, a communication pattern focused on expectations (including the central codes of expectations related to the inside of the relationship and expectations related to the outside of the relationship ), the communication pattern focused on the family umbilical cord (strong traces of the family, the fading of the relationship with the family and importance to the family), the communication pattern focused on domestic violence (marriage quarrel and the consequences of the husband and wife quarrel), the communication pattern focused on the non-union of the child Parenting (individual parenting, the myth of parenting and disagreements in parenting), a communication model focused on lack of empathy (including the core codes of communication without conversation, communication without understanding and patience, communication without sharing, communication without acceptance, communication without desired stability and pseudo-parental communication), a communication pattern focused on triangulation (suspicion of spouse, being a liar, lack of trust and communication triangle), a communication pattern focused on financial turmoil (opposition to employment, extravagance and reliance on order) and withdrawal ( mutual withdrawal). Results: The results of the present study showed that the communication patterns of couples with children involved in parental alienation syndrome include a wide range of structural and emotional patterns.

  In addition to imposing material costs, the birth of a disabled child brings many psychological and even physical problems for families, especially their mothers.

  The aim of the current research is to analyze phenomenologically successful adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The research is of an applied type and in terms of the method of data collection, a qualitative method was used, in which in-depth interviews were used to analyze the experiences of academically successful adults with ADHD. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has been used. The statistical population of this research includes all academically successful adults suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who have managed to obtain a certificate of completion of education from a day university by the end of 2014. The sampling method in this research is purposeful, so that 17 people were identified from relatives, friends and acquaintances of the researcher, who were diagnosed with hyperactivity disorder and attention deficit disorder by a doctor in their childhood, then 10 people were identified among them who managed to had obtained degrees from daily universities, an in-depth unstructured interview was conducted, and no new information was obtained in the last three interviews, and the data reached saturation. The relationship with the experiences of academically successful adults suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was obtained, which were classified into 12 major categories and finally their experiences were classified into two general sections under the title of individual-oriented strategies and community-oriented strategies. The results of the research showed that if people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and their families use the mentioned strategies in relation to themselves and society, they will join the ranks of academically successful people.

      The quality of work life is one of the effective factors in promoting and maintaining employees in their jobs. According to the importance of the quality of work life of teachers and its impact on the education and upbringing of students, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between work-family conflict and work-life balance with the quality of work life of teachers in Qazvin. Method The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlative in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research was all the teachers of district 1 of Qazvin city in the academic year of 1401-1402, and 365 people from all educational levels were selected by available sampling method. The participants answered the quality of work life questionnaires of Walton (1973), work-family conflict and family-work conflict Carlson et al. (2000) and job cooperation Safarinia et al. The method was carried out at the same time. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between work-family conflict and its components and job burnout and its components with the quality of work life of teachers, and these two variables (work-family conflict and job burnout) accounted for 88% of the variance in the quality of work life of teachers. These findings can be taken into the attention of education officials and managers in order to provide solutions to reduce work-family conflict and work-related procrastination and increase the quality of work life of teachers. Keywords: quality of work life, work-family conflict, occupational procrastination    The quality of work life is one of the effective factors in promoting and maintaining employees in their jobs. According to the importance of the quality of work life of teachers and its impact on the education and upbringing of students, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between work-family conflict and work-life balance with the quality of work life of teachers in Qazvin. Method The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlative in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research was all the teachers of district 1 of Qazvin city in the academic year of 1401-1402, and 365 people from all educational levels were selected by available sampling method. The participants answered the quality of work life questionnaires of Walton (1973), work-family conflict and family-work conflict Carlson et al. (2000) and job cooperation Safarinia et al. The method was carried out at the same time. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between work-family conflict and its components and job burnout and its components with the quality of work life of teachers, and these two variables (work-family conflict and job burnout) accounted for 88% of the variance in the quality of work life of teachers. These findings can be taken into the attention of education officials and managers in order to provide solutions to reduce work-family conflict and work-related procrastination and increase the quality of work life of teachers. Keywords: quality of work life, work-family conflict, occupational procrastination   

  The aim of the current research is to analyze the lived experience of successful students in making career decisions.   The research is of applied type and in terms of the method of collecting mixed data (quantitative and qualitative).   In the quantitative part, Bezo Taylor's Career Decision Questionnaire (1983) was used to identify successful students in career decision-making, and in the qualitative part, in-depth interviews were used to investigate the experiences of successful students in career decision-making.   The statistical population of this research includes all female students in the 11th and 12th grades in the academic year of 1401-1402 in Kermanshah city, and the sampling method in the first stage, which was carried out with the aim of identifying successful students in making career decisions, is random.   200 students completed the career decision questionnaire.   In the second stage, using   _22 software, students' grades were calculated and those who scored higher than one standard deviation were identified as successful students in making career decisions, with 15 of them, in-depth interviews were conducted and i   In the last two interviews, no new information was obtained, the data reached saturation.   After examining the data obtained from the research and coding the data of each group in three stages of open, central and selective coding, a total of 43 concepts were obtained in relation to the experiences of successful students in making career decisions, which were categorized in the form of 10 central categories.   and finally they were classified in 3 general areas: self-knowledge, environmental factors and occupation.   The results of the research showed that successful students in making career decisions have experiences that can be useful to help other students in making career decisions.

 Abstract The aim of the present study is to identify the causes of lack of academic involvement of Afghan immigrant girl students in elementary school. The research is of applied type and in terms of data collection, quantitative and qualitative methods have been used. In the quantitative part, Rio and Tseng's (2011) academic involvement questionnaire was used to identify immigrant students who have low academic involvement, and in the qualitative part, an unstructured in-depth interview was used to identify the reasons for the lack of academic involvement of Afghan immigrant students. The statistical population of this research is all female Afghan immigrant students in the elementary school of Saujblag city. The sampling method in this research was multi-stage cluster sampling in the first stage and purposive sampling in the second stage. In this way, in the first stage of sampling, which aims to identify primary schools where a large number of immigrant students are studying, 4 schools were identified. 127 people who had low academic involvement were selected and the questionnaires were distributed among them. And in the second step, using spss software, the scores of the participants were calculated, and the students whose scores were one standard deviation lower than the average were identified, and their number was 26. An in-depth unstructured interview was conducted with ten people, and no new information was obtained in the last two interviews, and the data reached saturation. After examining the data obtained from the research and coding the data of each group in three stages of open, central and selective coding, a total of 73 concepts were identified in relation to identifying the causes of academic non-engagement of Afghan immigrant students, which were categorized into 31 categories and Finally, they were classified in the form of 3 indicators of academic non-engagement, including personal-individual deficiencies, socio-economic deficiencies, and educational deficiencies. The results of the research showed that these indicators have been effective in the lack of academic involvement of Afghan immigrant girl students.

  This research aims to investigate the relationship between emotional ataxia and job demotivation and lack of work effort among elementary school teachers in Kermanshah. This type of descriptive research is correlational. In this research, the statistical population includes all the primary teachers of Kermanshah city in 1401, whose number is about 3000. The sample of this research consists of 300 primary teachers who will be selected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method according to Morgan's table. became. The questionnaires used in this research will be the Toronto scale of emotional dyslexia (2002), career motivation of Utrecht (2002) and work effort by Patterson (1986) and Pearson's correlation and multivariate regression tests will be used to infer the data.

   Aim: The general purpose of the current research is to investigate information-seeking behavior, creative thinking and critical thinking according to gender, different academic groups, levels and age of students, and also to determine the relationship between these two variables with information-seeking behavior.    Metodology: The current research is applied and conducted by survey method. The statistical population includes all students in the Faculty of Social Sciences of Razi University who are studying in the second semester of the academic year 1400-01. To collect the research data, Torrance's standard creative thinking questionnaire, Ricketts' critical thinking questionnaire, and also a questionnaire taken from a research entitled: "Information seeking behavior by researchers and faculty members" were used, which is valid. It was approved by the professors of information science and epistemology. To measure reliability, it was ensured by using the latest version of    software (version 26) and by using Cronbach's alpha method. In the end, the data of this research was measured and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.    Findings: The highest average of information-seeking behavior of students is in the field of psychology and the lowest average is related to the field of social sciences. The average score of the respondents in creative thinking is 84.52, which is in the above average level of creativity. The score of 72/101 in this research for critical thinking shows that the level of critical thinking in the mentioned society is very high. The results of Pearson's correlation test regarding the relationship between creative thinking and information-seeking behavior of students showed the lack of significant relationship between these two variables. Nevertheless, there is a very weak correlation between the two components of flexibility with the amount of Internet use, and the expansion component with the amount of use of various information sources. Also, the results of the Pearson correlation test indicate that there is no significant relationship between the two variables of critical thinking and information-seeking behavior, but there is a weak correlation between the two components of perfection with communication channels, and an average correlation between the components There is a commitment to barriers to access and use of information. In terms of creative thinking and critical thinking, no significant difference was observed in gender, education, levels and age of students, but there was a significant difference between different groups. In terms of creative thinking and critical thinking, no significant difference was observed in gender, education, levels and age of students, but there was a significant difference between different groups.    Conclusion: The level of creative and critical thinking is desirable in contrast to the information-seeking behavior of students of the Faculty of Social Sciences. Despite the importance of the library in meeting the need for information, its use is not a priority for students. Problems such as: not using scientific and specialized search engines, not being familiar with the features of search engines and Boolean operators, insufficient mastery of the English language are evident among students.   

   چكيده: امروزه انسان وارث بيست قرن تجربه و مهارت است كه توانسته اين تجربه و مهارت ها را به نسل هاي بعد خود انتقال دهد وموجب پيشرفت جوامع بشري شود.مقوله كتابخواني در تمام جوامع بشري مورد اهميت و توجه بزرگان و فرهيختگان قرار گرفته است و همواره مردم را به كتاب و كتابخواني تشويق كرده اند زيرا كتاب يكي از ابزارهاي تفكر و رشد و تعالي انسان است.كتاب راهي براي رسيدن به دانايي و توانايي است.سالمندي يكي از برحه هاي زماني در زندگي انسان است كه با ورود به اين عرصه از زندگي جريان جسمي و روحي روبه پيري مي رود. كتابخواني در ميان سالمندان به همان اندازه اهميت دارد كه براي جوانان و كودكان حائز اهميت است. . از زمان شيوع ويروس كرونا با وجود محدوديت هاي اعمال شده و توجه به پروتكل هاي بهداشتي با وجود منع تردد و منع رفت وآمد غير ضروري، به ويژه براي سالمندان كه جزوه گروه هاي( هاي ريسك) پرخطر محسوب مي شوند . اينطور به نظر ميرسدكه كتابخواني بايد افزايش بيشتري نسبت به قبل از شيوع ويروس كرونا داشته باشد . با وجود اين مسئله كتابخواني در اين برحه زماني   براي اين گروه از جامعه نقش مهمي در زندگي روزمره انها دارد .هدف از انجام اين پژوهش بررسي تجربه زيسته سالمندان از كتابخواني در زمان شيوع ويروس كويد 19 است . در اين پژوهش روش جمع آوري و بررسي داده ها به روش كيفي و با رويكرد پديدارشناسي انجام شد.در نتيجه بررسي هاي انجام شده اين نتيجه حاصل شد كه كتاب و كتابخواني در زمان شيوع ويروس كويد 19 در بين سالمندان افزايش يافته و تاثيرات مثبتي بر روي سلامت روان و اعتماد به نفس انان گذاشته است . كتابخواني در ميان سالمندان به انان در جهت تصور مثبت و مثبت انديشي كمك شاياني كرده و موجب رفع تنهايي و افسردگي رد انان شده است .

One of the most important harms that has seriously affected women in the last decade is a phenomenon called addiction. Addiction is a physiological dependence on drugs that, if left untreated, can lead to withdrawal symptoms and deprivation. Although addiction is known in the world as a male phenomenon, but its dependence rate is higher in women than men, and as a result of this dependence, treatment is more difficult and their physical, psychological and social complications are far more than men   

   Abstract With the spread of the corona disease, nurses were among the professions that were under a lot of psychological pressure caused by this disease And the possibility of job burnout increased in them.The strategies used by nurses and their effectiveness when facing burnout are different from each other.The purpose of the current research is understanding the lived experience of nurses in the corona ward and to determine the strategies they use when facing burnout. The population of this research includes the nurses of the corona ward of hospitals affiliated to Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. The present qualitative research was conducted in the first half of 1401 In this research, the most important coping strategies of nurses with burnout have been obtained through the analysis of their lived experiences and the method of content analysis.The research sample was selected by non-random sampling (purposive sampling) and according to the saturation of opinions, 10 people were selected.First, through a semi-structured and in-depth interview, data was collected about nurses' experiences of burnout and coping strategies, and after recording each interview, it was converted into textual data. These data were analyzed by Colaizzi content analysis method. In the open coding stage, 46 codes were extracted, which were reduced to 15 codes in the axial coding stage.Finally, 4 main themes including family-based strategies, individual-based strategies, spirituality-based strategies and organization-based strategies were identified.In order to obtain the reliability of the research findings, the results of the analysis of the interviews were sent to several interviewees and their accuracy was ensured Identified coping strategies can be effective in the process of adapting nurses to the consequences of burnout and the quality of their lives, and help organizations prepare appropriate programs to prevent burnout. Keywords: lived experiences, nurses, corona ward, burnout, qualitative study

  The fitness for the causal model of psychological well-being based on

  Abstract Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between sensation seeking and drug abuse attitudes among students. The second high school period was Gialangreb city. The method of conducting correlation research is structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research 1401-1400-1401 school year, the number of male and female secondary school students in the city of Gialen Gharb was 1411. The size of the statistical sample was 303 people based on the estimation table of Karjesi and Morgan, which was selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. They were selected from the students of 4 high schools for boys and girls. The main tools for collecting information include questionnaire questions and excitement seeking Self-control is an attitude towards drug abuse, which was used from the questionnaire of risk factors and protective factors of drug use, Mohammad Khani (2009). Is. To analyze data from Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation model (SEM), using   22 and Smart software. Pls used. Findings: the coefficient of the direct path of sensation seeking to return to drug abuse is equal to 0.441 and the coefficient of the direct path of sensation seeking to self-control is equal to It is 0.507. The coefficient of the direct path of self-control to the return of drug abuse is equal to 0.343. Conclusion: Excitement and self-control have a direct positive effect on the drug abuse attitude of secondary school students. Also, self-control The relationship between sensation seeking and drug abuse attitude in students has a mediating effect. Keywords: self-control, sensation seeking, attitude towards drug abuse, secondary school students

 the aim of this study was to determine the role of social and islamic lifestyle

   Abstract: New information and communication technologies of the present age, especially virtual social networks, are one of the concerns of families and the social system. These technologies, while in many cases facilitating, improving and enhancing human life, but its harmful consequences for families are always problematic. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the views of family counselors regarding the effects of virtual social networks on the family. Method: The method used in this research is qualitative and grounded theory and its technique for investigating the present subject is a semi-structured interview. The sampling method was available and the sample size was 8 family counselors. It should be noted that in the fifth interview, the data were saturated, but for more certainty, three other people (a total of 8 people) were interviewed. Data analysis was performed by open, axial and selective coding methods. In identifying the effects of virtual social networks on the family, eight categories were extracted, which are: Parent-child relationships, marital relationships, different influences according to the period of life (childhood, adolescence and youth), feelings and emotions, physical health, dissemination of culture, economy, religious beliefs and convictions. Findings: The higher the awareness for the use of social networks and the use of it in a planned and correct way, its effects are positive and if it is vice versa, the effects of networks tend to be negative. Results: The results of this study show that virtual social networks affect the family. Most of the impact of virtual networks on the family is negative from the perspective of counselors. Keywords: Family Counselors, Virtual Social Networks, Family   

 the perception of managers about the role of counselors in schools

   The aim of this research was to Explaining the correlation models of Marital Intimacy based on Attachment Styles, Self-Compassion and Mindfulness in Romantic Relationships of married people in Holeilan city. In regard to the purpose, this research was an applied and in regard to procedure, it was a correlation study (structural equation modeling). The statistical population of study included all the married people of Holeilan city in 1400, from which 350 married people were selected as a sample by random cluster sampling. Research questionnaires included: The Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) Schaefer & Olson (1981), The Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (AAI) Simpson (1990), The Self-Compassion Scale Neff (2003), The Relationship Mindfulness Measure (RMM) Kimmes et al (2018). Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The findings of this research showed that Secure Attachment Style (R=0.17), Self-Compassion (R=0.43) and Mindfulness in Romantic Relationships (R=0.24) were positively and significantly related to Marital Intimacy. Secure Attachment Style predicts Self-Compassion (R=0.31) and Mindfulness in Romantic Relationships (R=0.25) And Insecure Attachment Style had the ability to predict Mindfulness in Romantic Relationships (R=-0.25). The results showed that the research model had a good fit. Marital intimacy is directly and indirectly related to Attachment Styles through the two variables of Self-Compassion and Mindfulness in Romantic Relationship. Thus, Self-Compassion and Mindfulness in Romantic Relationship can play a mediating role in the relationship between Marital intimacy and Attachment Styles. Keywords: Marital Intimacy, Attachment Styles, Self-Compassion, Mindfulness in Romantic Relationship.

  The knowledge-based company is a system whose main internal processes are dedicated to exchanging information, creating and discovering new solutions, and collaborating with other companies and systems. The gap in the entrepreneurial sector of these companies is probably related to the lack of sufficient skills in the field of knowledge and knowledge-based entrepreneurial activity, as well as the optimal intra-organizational communication patterns. The purpose of the current research was to identify the optimal intra-organizational communication patterns for successful knowledge-based companies. The current research was a descriptive study with a phenomenological qualitative methodology. The statistical population of this research includes all the employees of successful knowledge-based companies in Ilam province, and they were willing to participate in the research and conduct interviews. Sampling method in this study was targeted and accessible sampling and continued until data saturation. An in-depth unstructured interview was used to collect data. It should be noted that 16 people were interviewed in this research, after conducting the interview process and implementing the interviews on paper, the seven-step content analysis method of Claisey was used to analyze the text of the interviews. In the open coding phase, 98 codes were extracted. In the central coding stage, 19 subcategories were technical and psychological skills of managers, network management, employee training, paying attention to employees' financial issues, communication path; more vertical and horizontal, strengthening the morale and motivation of employees, the human skills of managers, empowering employees and removing important individual weaknesses, management in a collaborative manner, providing a suitable work environment, attractiveness of the employer, commitment of employees, communication style; often informal and friendly, appropriate use of traditional management, attention to the progress and promotion of employees, appropriate vision, the theme of communication, social and innovative, mental or administrative skills of managers, communication channels; They were often identified face to face. Finally, through selective coding, five main themes include 1- Using appropriate communication axes; 2- Appropriate management method; 3- Managers' skills; 4- Individual considerations and 5- Increased employee attachment to other organizations was obtained. The results of this research can be useful in the field of increasing productivity as well as developing interpersonal patterns for employees and managers of knowledge-based companies.

  Infertility can actually be a complex crisis in life. This painful phenomenon is psychologically threatening for couples and emotionally stressful for them, and it causes extreme stress for couples in cultures around the world. The purpose of this research was to determine coping strategies of infertile women against individual, family and social stressors caused by infertility. The current research was a descriptive study with a qualitative phenomenological methodology. The statistical population of the present study included women who had experience of infertility and referred to medical and health centers in Ilam city for the treatment of this problem and were willing to participate in the research and conduct interviews. The sampling method in this study was targeted and accessible sampling and continued until data saturation. An in-depth unstructured interview was used to collect data. It should be noted that 14 people were interviewed in this research. After conducting the interview process and implementing the interviews on paper, Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis method was used to analyze the text of the interviews. In the open coding phase, 61 codes were extracted. In the central coding stage, 9 subcategories were spiritual justification, avoidance and escape, problem solving strategy, downplaying the importance of the child, hiding infertility, ending social relations and isolation, social support, family support, asking for support and Professional treatment. Finally, through selective coding, two

Just as the importance of entrepreneurship in today's societies is not hidden from anyone, the value and importance of entrepreneurship education in reducing unemployment and sustainable development of countries is an inescapable issue; On this basis, in our country, every year an increasing number of universities and governmental and non-governmental educational centers turn to entrepreneurship education, but the issue that is very important is the pathology of entrepreneurship education because if there are major injuries in the body of university entrepreneurship education and Failure to respond properly will waste all the funds spent in this area. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the pathology of entrepreneurship education at Razi University with the help of the four-dimensional F   model and to analyze the possible damages of this complex in four functional, process, structural and systemic dimensio   Therefore, with the help of the integrated (quantitative-qualitative) approach, among the 4570 students who passed the General Entrepreneurship Unit in different faculties in the academic year 1399-1400, 357 people were selected as a statistical sample and their opinions were assessed using a questionnaire. It was found that entrepreneurship education in Razi University is in a relatively unfavorable situation in the functional dimension and in a relatively favorable situation in the process, structural and systemic dimensions. In the next step, ie in the qualitative part of the research, in order to achieve useful solutions to improve the situation, the opinions of 5 relevant experts and professors were collected with the help of interview tools and the content of 15 documents, articles and researches in this field. Content analysis was reviewed and then practical solutions to eliminate the existing harms and improve the general situation of entrepreneurship education in Razi University of Kermanshah were proposed.   

Background and Aim: Psychological distress is one of the factors involved in maladaptive behavior and thoughts. In the meantime, it seems necessary to know the variables and factors that are related to and affect this category. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion dysregulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and attachment styles in psychological distress of addicts and the ability to predict each of these variables in psychological distress. Methods: A sample of 505 drug users who referred to drug withdrawal clinics under the supervision of Kermanshah Medical Sciences in three regions (2, 3 and 7) were randomly selected from multi-stage clusters and participated in the study. The data were obtained through short form scales of Young's early maladaptive schemas, Adult Scale Attachment Styles (ADQ), Graz and Roemer Emotion Dysregulation (DERS), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS). Results: The results of Pearson correlation analysis of the present study showed that there is a positive and significant correlation coefficients between all research variables with psychological distress at the level of 0.01. Also, the study of structural equation modeling in direct and indirect paths showed that out of five domains of primary maladaptive schemas, schemas of disconnection and rejection and impaired limits in both paths were related to psychological distress and these variables can predict psychological distress in addicts. impaired autonomy and performance schemas and over vigilance schemas were associated with psychology other directedness schemas only through the indirect path, ie through emotion regulation problems, and other-directedness schemas were not related to psychological distress in any of the paths. Also, attachment styles were only directly related to psychological distress, and the relationship between the two is indirectly meaningless. In fact, insecure attachment styles Only via a straight path can only predict psychological distress in addicts. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, psychological distress in substance abusers is associated with emotion dysregulation, early maladaptive schemas, and attachment styles. Use other mental health problems. It also helps with future research and psychotherapy interventions.   Keywords: Emotion Dysregulation; Initial schema; Attachment Styles; Psychological distre   Addiction.   

ثبات خانواده بستگي به كاركرد خانواده دارد، اگر به ابعاد و كاركردهاي خانواده توجه نشود در اين صورت بقاي خانواده به خطر مي افتد و سبب ازهم پاشيدگي خانواده مي شود. بنابراين كشف عواملي كه كه منجر به تقويت كاركردهاي خانواده شود از اهميت ويژه اي برخوردار است. لذاپژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي نقش بازي هاي خانوادگي در رضايت مندي، توانمندسازي، و ابعاد شش گانه كاركرد خانواده بر اساس مدل مك مستر انجام گرفت. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش را، كليه خانواده هاي داراي حداقل يك فرزند 6 سال به بالاي ساكن شهرستان هرسين در سال 1401-1400 تشكيل مي دادند. روش نمونه گيري بصورت در دسترس بوده است، به اين ترتيب كه تعداد   بيست خانواده را كه داراي ملاك هاي ورود بودند انتخاب، و به طور تصادفي در دو گروه آزمايش و كنترل گمارده شدند (هر گروه 10 خانواده). مداخله براي گروه آزمايش در طي 6 جلسه به ترتيب پروتكل (در هر جلسه با اجراي سه بازي و هر بازي در مدت زمان 45 دقيقه)   براي هر خانواده   به صورت مجزا اجرا شد و در اين مدت زمان گروه كنترل هيچ گونه مداخله اي دريافت نكرد. ابزارهاي پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه ي سنجش خانواده (اپشتاين، بالدوين و بيشاپ، 1983)، پرسشنامه ي توانمندسازي خانواده (كورن، ديچپلو و فرسين، 1992) و پرسشنامه رضايت خانوادگي ( السون و ويلسون، 1982) بود. در اين پژوهش تحليل داده ها   با استفاده از نرم افزار   -23 صورت گرفت و داده ها با استفاده از روش آماري تحليل آنكوا   تحليل شدند. نتايج پژوهش نشان داد كه در مرحله پس آزمون بين دو گروه آزمايش و كنترل از نظر متغيرهاي   رضايتمندي خانواده( 001/0<p، 89/57=F)، توانمندسازي خانواده(001 /0<P، 07/21=F) و زير مقياس هاي ارتباط(001 /0<P، 88/13=F)، حل مسئله( 001/0<P، 02/15=F)، ايفاي نقش( 04/0<P، 23/4=F)، پاسخگويي عاطفي( 005/0<P، 07/9=F)، مشاركت عاطفي( 03/0<P، 97/4=F) و   كاركرد كلي( 01/0<P، 08/7=F) از ابعاد شش گانه كاركرد خانواده تفاوت معنا داري وجود دارد، اما   بر زير مقياس كنترل رفتار(82/0>P، 82/0=F) از ابعاد شش گانه خانواده تفاوت معنا داري وجود ندارد. با توجه به نتايج   پژوهش مي توان چنين استنتاج كرد اجراي بازي هاي خانوادگي   بر متغيرهاي رضايتمندي خانواده، توانمندسازي خانواده، و زير مقياس هاي ارتباط، حل مسئله، ايفاي نقش، پاسخگويي عاطفي، مشاركت عاطفي و   كاركرد كلي از ابعاد شش گانه كاركرد خانواده اثر بخش بود، اما   بر زير مقياس كنترل رفتار از ابعاد شش گانه خانواده موثر نبود.درنتيجه   اجراي بازيهاي خانوادگي مي تواند تاثيرات مثبتي بر بهبود عملكرد خانواده و افزايش سطح رضايت مندي و توانمندسازي خانواده ها   داشته باشد.   

Abstract Aim: Women ensure the health of the family. Women's access to health information and use this information to manage your health and that of your family it is very valuable. The purpose of this study was to investigate the women's health information seeking behavior (30 to 50 years) in Kermanshah. Methodology: This research is based on the purpose of the applied type. The >Findings: The results of this study showed that the main purpose of Kermanshah women in health information seeking behavior is to know the type of disease and among the sources of health information, the most use is related to Internet resources, national media, People around, social networks, doctors and print resources. There was no significant difference between demographic variables which included marital status, level of education, income level and area of ??residence. Results: The high average use of Internet resources and virtual and audio-visual media for health information, along with few visits to doctors and less reference to books can be problematic because non-specialized and undocumented information is use. Officials and actors must take the necessary steps to create a richer information environment at the level of Internet resources and virtual media, So that they can hope for the development of health by women.   

  This study is done with the aim of discovering and describing the phenomenon of loneliness on married-survivor girls’ point of view.To implement this research,qualitative method and Van Manens phenomenological approach was applied, and to analyze the data, the seven-step Klaizi method was used,and finally,by targeted sampling method,21girls between the age of 27to42years were selected as participants.In order to collect the information, Russells’loneliness questionnaire was used in the first stage,and for the next one, in-depth and semi-structured interview was applied.First, 116concepts were extracted from the interviews, and after categorizing the data and combining similar cases, 3main categories and 11sub-categories emerged.The main categories include the positive consequences of loneliness, the negative consequences of loneliness, and married-survivor girls’coping strategies in the face of the phenomenon of loneliness.Positive consequences included personal growth,freedom of action and independence, negative consequences included absence,blame,anxiety and exhaustion, and girls’coping strategies included amusement,education,spirituality and loneliness management.In the end, the final classification of the results was performed by using Atlas.T.I software

   كارآفريني از منابع مهم و پايان ناپذير همه جوامع بشري است كه به عنوان يكي از مهمترين سرمايه‌هاي يك كشور محسوب مي‌شود. كارآفريني، يك سبك زندگي يا يك فرهنگ و يكي از شيوه‌هاي كاهش بيكاري و افزايش اشتغال، به عنوان موتور رشد و توسعه اقتصادي عمل مي كند كه سبب پيشرفت و اصلاح جامعه است. هدف پژوهش حاضر به بررسي اثربخشي مشاوره شغلي به شيوه يادگيري اجتماعي (انتخاب شغل كرامبولتز) بر تغيير نگرش و افزايش رفتار كارآفرينانه دانشجويان دانشگاه پيام نور شهرستان سرپل‌ذهاب است، جامعه آماري شامل كليه دانشجويان دانشگاه پيام نور شهرستان سرپل‌ذهاب ??? در سال تحصيلي 1399-1400 نفر بود كه ??? نفر از اين دانشجويان به عنوان حجم نمونه با استفاده از نمونه‌گيري تصادفي ساده انتخاب شدند، پس از توزيع پرسشنامه در بين آنان ?? نفر از افرادي را كه پايين‌ترين نمره كسب كرده بودند، به شكل تصادفي ساده در دو گروه آزمايش (?? نفر) و كنترل (?? نفر) قرار گرفتند و سپس گروه آزمايش به مدت ? جلسه يك و نيم ساعته در معرض مداخله (مشاوره شغلي به شيوه يادگيري اجتماعي كرامبولتز) قرار گرفت و گروه كنترل در اين مدت هيچ مداخله‌اي دريافت نكرد. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان داد كه مشاوره شغلي به شيوه يادگيري اجتماعي (انتخاب شغل كرامبولتز) بر تغيير نگرش و افزايش رفتار كارآفرينانه دانشجويان دانشگاه پيام نور شهرستان سرپل‌ذهاب تاثير دارد. يافته هاي نقش و اهميت مشاوره شغلي به شيوه يادگيري اجتماعي كرامبولتز را خاطر نشان مي سازد.

Universities play an important role in the development of entrepreneurship Achieving economic growth in today's knowledge-based societies, effective communication between the university and society is an important development in the development of any country. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of strategic analysis of Razi University Community Relations Office and presenting possible scenarios as one of the most important communication channels between the university and the community to develop these collaborations this research is applied in terms of purpose and is based on two approaches : combined approach ( swot - ahp ) and future research approach . in the qualitative part , purposive sampling and snowball sampling were used. after nine interviews with experts , theoretical saturation was obtained . in quantitative section , in order to assign weighting coefficients to each swot factors , paired comparisons questionnaire was provided to experts and strategy formulation was developed with two approaches : aggressive , defensive , conservative and defensive approaches for extracting the scenarios with a view of futures studies, the analysis of reciprocal works was presented to experts and the scenario of scenario software was presented in five different types of strategies.   

     در دوران نوجواني افكار آن‌ها در مورد آينده خود و به‌ويژه اهداف شغلي و آموزشي شكل مي‌گيرد. كشف منابع شغلي و   روند تصميم‌گيري و عوامل مؤثر بر انتخاب آن‌ها   در شناسايي طرح‌هاي شغلي آن‌ها   دخيل است؛ و مي‌تواند به اجراي مداخلات مبتني بر طرح‌ريزي شغلي مناسب   توسط مشاوران و كاركنان آموزشي كمك نمايد. هدف اين پژوهش شناسايي طرح‌هاي شغلي دانش آموزان پسر متوسطه دوره دوم بود. اين پژوهش با رويكرد كيفي و با روش پديدارشناسي صورت گرفته است. مشاركت‌كنندگان در اين پژوهش شامل19 نفر از   دانش آموزان پسر مقطع متوسطه دوم از مدارس شهر كامياران بود، كه در سال تحصيلي 1400-1401 انتخاب شدند. همچنين مشاركت اين افراد در پژوهش بر اساس رضايت شخصي با توجه به‌قاعده اشباع نظري بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از مصاحبه عميق گردآوري   و در قالب سه مرحله كدگذاري باز، محوري و انتخابي تجزيه‌وتحليل شد. تحليل نتايج منجر به شناسايي3 مقوله كلي عوامل مؤثر بر انتخاب ( با زير مقوله‌هاي آرامش شغل ، مسئوليت كم در شغل ، امنيت شغلي نقش بارز در مسير شغلي، درآمد بالا، عدم علاقه به تحصيل، رسيدن به شغل در سن پايين، بيكار نماندن،حس قدرت و ابهت، احساس قوي بودن، خود كارآمدي اجتماعي، جايگاه اجتماعي بالا، نفوذ اجتماعي، ، هيجان شغلي، اثربخش بودن شغل، توجه به شرايط جامعه، مسئوليت‌پذيري اجتماعي، هيجان شغلي) ؛ منابع   و امكانات ( با زير مقوله‌هاي قدرت تعامل با ديگران، انگيزه خلاقيت و ابتكار، جسارت و ريسك‌پذيري، ثبات، صداقت، كنجكاو بودن، خودباوري، پشتكار،استعداد، رغبت) و روند تصميم‌گيري(با زير مقوله‌هاي الگوبرداري از خانواده، حمايت مالي خانواده، عملي كردن ايده‌ها، نداشتن   هدف و برنامه، اجباري بودن انتخاب، رقابت با همسالان،برنامه‌ريزي، الگوبرداري از اطرافيان، كنكاش و تحقيق كردن) شد. نتايج اين پژوهش عوامل مؤثر، روند تصميم‌گيري و   منابع شغلي   در شناسايي   طرح‌هاي شغلي نوجوانان را تبيين مي‌نمايد. نكته قابل‌توجه اينكه برخي از مشاركت‌كنندگان در اين پژوهش از منابع شغلي خودآگاه نبوده و انتخاب‌هاي شغلي آن‌ها صرفاً بر اساس درآمد و جايگاه اجتماعي بود. همچنين روند تصميم‌گيري آن‌ها   با توجه به رقابت با همسالان و منطبق بودن با شرايط   جامعه بدون توجه به رغبت شغلي بود.

  One of the important stages of every person’s life is marriage; but more important than marriage is its quality. Therefore, identifying the root causes of this phenomenon is very important. The aim of present study was to determine the predictors of quality of marriage and also test the mediating role of subjective well-being in the relationship between four existential domains (God, self, others and nature) and quality of marriage. In terms of purpose, was an applied research and in nature, is descriptive- correlation with structural equation modeling. The statistical population of research included all married people of kermanshah city in 1400. The sample consisted of 441 married men and women who were selected by convenlence random sampling method and questionnaires were completed by electronic survey method. Dehshiri Spiritual well_being Scale (1392), Norton Quality of marriage Index (1983) and Warwick-Edinburgh subjective well_being Scale (2007) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results of data analysis showed that relationship with self and relationship with nature have a significant relationship, both directly (?=0/56, P</0001; ?=-0/15, P</0001) and indirectly (?=0/17, P<0/001; ?=0/05, P< 0/001), with the quality of marriage. subjective well-being has only directly (?=0/25, P<0/001) and relationship with God only indirectly (?=0/3, P<0/001) related to the quality of marriage, so that relationship with God through two stages of mediating of two relationships (relationship with self and nature) and then subjective well-being has a significant relationship with quality of marriage. The results of the research show that a good relationship with God leads to good relationships with self and nature, and results of these good relationships strengthen people’s subjective well-being, and this in turn increases the quality of marriage Therefore, counselors can provide an increase the quality of marriage by designing interventions to stergthen the four existential relationships.

   Addiction is one of the problems in the world today, which as a social harm has had devastating effects on society and the family. The aim of this study was to determine the psychological care model of families with addicted parents. In this study, in terms of data collection, a qualitative method was used and in-depth unstructured interviews were used to examine the experiences of aid workers. The statistical population of this study includes all helper professionals involved in the category of addiction (including counselors, psychologists, social workers and doctors, etc.) in Shiraz in 1400 who were involved in providing services to addicts or their families. The sampling method was purposeful in such a way that by referring to the Welfare Organization and the Psychological System and counseling, a complete list of helper professions related to addiction was provided, and among them 40 people who are known for their efficiency and success in their profession. They were selected for interviews and finally 27 people were interviewed in depth, but no new information was obtained from the last two interviews and the data reached theoretical saturation. After reviewing the data obtained from the research and coding, in three stages, open, pivotal and selective coding, a total of 130 concepts were obtained from the experience of aid workers, which were >   Keywords: Psychological care model, family with addicted parent, addicted parent   

  AbstractProviding career counseling is one of the most important methods to strengthen and improve self-efficacy in decision making and reduce career path indecision. If the consultation is based on scientific and practical principles, it will have very beneficial effects on the decision-making process. Appropriate career counseling is essential for students, especially high school students, who are usually on the verge of multiple thoughts and beliefs and are preparing for multiple academic and career choices. Due to the importance of the subject, this study investigates the effectiveness of Career counseling based on Krumboltz learning theory on decision-making self-efficacy and career path indecision of female high school students in Islamabad Gharb. The purpose of this study is to measure the effectiveness of job counseling on decision-making self-efficacy and job indecision. The statistical population of the study is female high school students in the 98-99 academic year in the western city of Islamabad. The sample size was selected through multi-stage cluster sampling and a questionnaire test so that among those who received the lowest score, 30 specific people were selected and randomly divided into two groups. After completing the questionnaire, this number was selected from the people who received the lowest score and was randomly divided into two groups of 15 controls and experiments. Then, based on the protocol of the training sessions, the experimental group was give 8 sessions of 1/5-hour job counseling using the post-test-pre-test method. The collected data were then evaluated and analyzed using analysis of covariance. Findings show that job counseling based on Cromboltz's learning theory has a significant effect on decision-making self-efficacy and decision-making career path of students and has led to enhanced self-efficacy and reduced indecision in students. And this significance was (0.001) and (0.00), respectively. Also, the findings of the follow-up test to evaluate the stability of these effects for the variables of job decision self-efficacy (0.098) and career path indecision (0.081) showed. Therefore, the conclusion obtained from the analysis of the findings was that career counseling affects the self-efficacy of decision-making and indecision of students' career path, and this effect has lasting effects on students.

   The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction methods combined with aerobic exercise on perceived stress, quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients with fatty liver. The control group was performed.The statistical population included all patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver referred to specialized and sub-specialized clinic of Ayatollah Taleghani in Kermanshah in 1399, from which 30 people were selected using voluntary sampling method and equally in two The experimental and control groups were placed. Participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness therapy to reduce stress, and then engaged in aerobic exercise for 3 sessions and 2 sessions per week. This was while the control group did not receive any of the interventions.Both groups completed the Cohen Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (1996) and the Seyed Fatemi Treatment Follow-up Questionnaire (1397) as research tools before and after the training program. Research data were analyzed using inferential statistical method of analysis of covariance. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the perceived stress of patients in the experimental group was significantly reduced (p (0.05)), also the quality of life and adherence to treatment of patients in the experimental group was significantly increased compared to the control group p (0/05)).Therefore, it can be concluded that mindfulness intervention therapy based on reducing stress and combining it with aerobic exercise reduces stress and increases quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients with fatty liver. Keywords: Mindfulness based on stress reduction, Aerobic exercise, Perceived stress, Quality of life, Adherence to treatment, Fatty liver. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction methods combined with aerobic exercise on perceived stress, quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients with fatty liver. The control group was performed.The statistical population included all patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver referred to specialized and sub-specialized clinic of Ayatollah Taleghani in Kermanshah in 1399, from which 30 people were selected using voluntary sampling method and equally in two The experimental and control groups were placed. Participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness therapy to reduce stress, and then engaged in aerobic exercise for 3 sessions and 2 sessions per week. This was while the control group did not receive any of the interventions.Both groups completed the Cohen Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (1996) and the Seyed Fatemi Treatment Follow-up Questionnaire (1397) as research tools before and after the training program. Research data were analyzed using inferential statistical method of analysis of covariance. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the perceived stress of patients in the experimental group was significantly reduced (p (0.05)), also the quality of life and adherence to treatment of patients in the experimental group was significantly increased compared to the control group p (0/05)).Therefore, it can be concluded that mindfulness intervention therapy based on reducing stress and combining it with aerobic exercise reduces stress and increases quality of life and adherence to treatment in patients with fatty liver. Keywords: Mindfulness based on stress reduction, Aerobic exercise, Perceived stress, Quality of life, Adherence to treatment, Fatty liver.

Abstract The importance of the media isn’t hidden from anyone these days. The media is referred to as the fourth pillar of democracy, in addition to the print, audio-visual media that are influential social networks have a great impact on things in the new era. The reason is that social network are wider and more accessible and they are always exchanging information. So, they are influential in most social issues. The purpose of this study is to examine the position of social networks and especially the Instagram platform in terms of environmental security. Because, as mentioned, social media has a great impact on social issues and as Buzan says “the environment is a category of security and security is created in the context of society. The main question in this research is: How can Instagram be effective in managing environmental challenges and thus preventing them from turning into political and security threats? To answer this question, the framework chosen is Carson’ view in the book Silent Spring, that as an effective media , increased environmental knowledge and made significant global changes in the direction environmental protection. This research wants to explain this hypothesis by content analysis method: Instagram can be effective in managing environmental challenges by increasing environmental knowledge by producing environmental content such as photos, videos and text and prevents it from becoming a security issue. The data of this study include an analysis of 02 Instagram pages and shows that the pages of environmentalists have played an important role in creating environmental knowledge and awareness and in some cases, they have made serious and positive changes in the field of environmental protection. Non-specialist pages have also been effective with a lower percentage. Keywords: Media, Environmental challenge, Environmental knowledge, Environmental security, Instagram  

Abstract Purpose: Participatory public libraries are libraries that are established and managed by individuals and governmental and non-governmental organizations and institutions with the participation of libraries by providing qualified space, equipment and manpower. The present study was conducted to compare the situation of participatory libraries in Kermanshah province with the vision document of the Public Libraries of Iran on the horizon of Iran in 1404. Method: This research has been done by comparative method. The statistical population of the present study is the participatory public libraries of 7 cities of Kermanshah province which had 18 participatory libraries. The data collection tool is a checklist, based on which the statistics of the world's top countries in the index of resources, space, members, lending and staff were extracted and compared with the latest statistics of participatory libraries in Kermanshah province. After data collection, data analysis was analyzed using    software version 25.   Findings According to the research descriptive findings of data analysis showed that the participatory libraries of Kermanshah, Islamabad Gharb, Paveh, Songhor, Sahneh, Qasr Shirin and Kangavar in terms of space, resources, manpower, trust And the members are far from the characteristics of the vision document and are not in a good position. To achieve the vision document of libraries, one should add 6072166 book copies in the resource index, 120689 meters in the space index, 534500 members in the member index, 8001233 credits in the lending index and 650 employees in the staff index to the cooperative libraries of Kermanshah province. Conclusion: Considering the importance of the research and the results of the present study, this study revealed the strengths and weaknesses of participatory libraries in Kermanshah province. Therefore, it can be useful for senior administrators of public libraries before developing any of their programs. Keywords: Iran Public Libraries Foundation, Public Libraries, Document of future perspective, Participatory Libraries, Kermanshah   

Purpose:   Different people may have different perceptions of the same images, the digital images guide, which is a method of teaching in the field of visual literacy, has been created to read images with deep meanings. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of digital image guide on improving intercultural communication competence in Iranian intermediate level EFL Learners.    Method: The method of the present study is a mixed of quantitative and qualitative stages, the first stage was done by quasi-experimental method and using a pre-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consists of incoming students in the field of information science and science at Razi University of Kermanshah in 1399, from which 22 (experimental group 11 and control 11) were selected by convenience sampling. This method consists of two groups of subjects who were given version one of both Oxford Test version 1 groups. Then, both groups were measured twice. In this design, pre-test and post-test are visual literacy and intercultural communication competence questionnaire. After performing a pre-test for both groups (experimental and control), the researcher taught intercultural communication competence to the experimental group through 9 sessions 30-minute through images. The images used in this study were selected from Getty Images and Flickr sites and then post-test was performed for both groups. The instruments of this study were Oxford Test version 1 with 82% reliability and intercultural communication knowledge questionnaire and visual literacy questionnaire with 87% reliability. Their validity was also confirmed by 5 faculty members of Razi University and Shahid Beheshti University. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (Shapiro-Wilk Test, Leven’s Test, analysis of covariance and Pearson correlation coefficient) were used using    software version 22. In the second stage, semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, and the qualitative method presented by Broun and Clarke (2006) was used to analyze the collected data.       Finding: Based on the findings, the mean scores in the post-test of the experimental group have increased. The results of analysis of covariance showed that using the digital images guide, the level of intercultural communication competence and visual literacy increased and the results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a strong and significant positive relationship between visual literacy and intercultural communication competence. Findings in the qualitative section also showed that learners have a positive opinion about the digital images guide and believe that this method has increased their level of visual literacy and intercultural communication competence and can better recognize the cultural features reflected in the images.      Conclusion: The results of this study showed that using digital images guide can increase the level of visual literacy and intercultural communication competence, also there is a strong positive relationship between visual literacy and intercultural communication competence, so that by increasing the level of visual literacy can it also increased the level of intercultural communication competence. As a result, efforts should be made to change the education system, which is based on traditional methods, and to teach students visual literacy and intercultural communication competence so that they can understand the concepts and increase their learning.   

this study aimed to analysis the challenges of green information technology deployment in hospitals and Treatment centers. This study is a in terms of applied purpose, In terms of data nature, quality (content analysis and Delphi) and It is a descriptive study in terms of data collection method. In order to prepare the data, first, by reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous studies through content analysis method, the challenges of deploying green information technology in hospitals and treatment centers were identified and through Delphi method, the challenges were confirmed and prioritized. The statistical population in the content analysis method included all articles reviewed in the field of green information technology that Only the texts that are most relevant to the research topic are selected. the statistical population of the study was delphi method, university experts and information technology officials working in hospitals, health centers and universities, 21 of which were chosen by the purposeful sampling method and then the snow ball was selected to reach the saturation limit. Findings show that in the content analysis method, 28 indicators for the challenges of deploying green information technology in hospitals and medical centers were extracted and reached the Delphi stage. in the three Delphi rounds, 22 indicators were added to indicators and and the total of 50 indicators were not only 6 indicators of the general agreement of the experts. the proposed model of this study has six dimensions, 17 components and 44 indices.   

با توجه به اهميت متغير اتحاد والديني در خانواده و اثر آن بر تربيت فرزندان و همچنين استرس و كيفيت روابط زناشويي در   تا كنون پژوهشي مدون و منسجم كه توانسته باشد متغيرهاي فوق الذكر را در قالب يك مدل على تبيين و توصيف كند صورت نگرفته است در اين حوزه خلأ پژوهشي وجود دارد. بنابراين سوال پژوهش حاضر عبارت است از اين كه آيا شوخي و فراغت خانواده مي توانند در ابطه بين اتحاد والديني با استرس والگري نقشي واسطه اي ايفا كند؟

در سال هاي اخير، تحقيقات فراواني در زمينه شناخت معلمان صورت گرفته است. يك عنصر شناخت معلم باور معلمان است و اهميت زيادي براي تحقيق در مورد باورهاي معلمان وجود دارد. مطالعات نشان مي­دهد كه باورهاي معلمان بر شيوه هاي آموزشي آنها در كلاس هاي درس تأثير مي­گذارد( بورگ، ????؛Farre,2003؛ Ng   فرل و كون، ???? در لي ???? نقل شده است).به عبارت ديگر، اعمال كلاس درس معلمان بيشتر تحت تاثير باورهاي آنها است. به دليل ماهيت روانشناختي آن دشوار است كه تعريف روشني از مفهوم‌ باور را بيان كنيم. يك تعريف بسيار قديمي ساخته شده توسط ( "(Rokeach,1968باور" اشاره به هر گزاره ساده آگاهانه يا ناخودآگاه است از آنچه شخص مي­گويد يا انجام مي­دهد، يا تعريف مي­كند مي­توان پيش از آن از عبارت "باور دارم..." استفاده كرد. باورهاي آموزگاران به طور مستقيم بر ادراكات و قضاوت هاي تعاملي و تعليمي آنها تاثير مي گذارد( كلارك و پترسون، ????؛ كلارك وينيگر????، نقل قول در لي؛ و والش، ????). براي درك رفتارهاي معلم مهم است كه ابتدا باورهايشان را درك كنيد.بررسي باورهاي معلمان شامل ? بعد است: موضوع، باور در مورد تدريس، يادگيري و يادگيرندگان، معلم و توسعه حرفه اي(Calderhead,1996).نتيجه گيري:با وجود اهميت اين موضوع، مطالعه مدون و منسجمي در زمينه مدرسه موفق يا كلاس مطلوب با يك روش شناسي صحيح كه بر بافت فرهنگي اجتماعي مبتني باشد وجود ندارد و با تكيه صرف بر داده هاي كمي و بدون بكارگيري روش هاي كيفي نميتوان به طرحي علمي و كاربردي از مدرسه و كلاس موفق و مطلوب كه جنبه هاي رشدي( شناختي، هيجاني، اجتماعي، شغلي و شخصيتي) دانش آموزان را پوشش دهد رسيد.پرسش اصلي پژوهش حاضر باورهاي معلمان در مورد كلاس مطلوب را مورد توجه قرار مي­دهد  

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the verbal content of schizophrenic patients aged 20-60 years old in the daily care and rehabilitation center of chronic psychiatric patients in Bistoon in the first trimester of 1398. It means the content of words, delusions, the content of thinking, and generally the language impairments of people with schizophrenia. In view of the above, questions arose in the researcher's mind and interviews and analysis were carried out. Theoretical sampling was done and finally 4 people (including 2 men and 2 women) with schizophrenic mental disorder were selected. In the present study, data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations and data analysis was done through phenomenological method. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that inconsistency is one of the most obvious symptoms of schizophrenic patients' speech, as well as impaired state of mind and functions leading to auditory hallucinations and delusions that have both speech structures. Research findings showed that these people have difficulty in the process of speech persistence. According to these findings, the speech of people with schizophrenia is often described as discontinuous speech. On the other hand, according to the results of this study, family dysfunction is one of the recurrent factors in schizophrenia.

Abstract   Many factors can affect attitudes to marriage. The present study was conducted to predict attitudes toward marriage based on Family emotional atmosphere, attachment styles,   health of the original family   and   Integrative Self   -   Knowledge   in female students. The research was descriptive and correlational in terms of purpose. The statistical population consisted of all female students of Razi University in the school year of 1997-98. Using voluntary sampling method, 361 students were selected as the sample size. In order to collect data from Marital Attitude Scale (MAS), Hill Burn Family Affective Questionnaire (BFECQ), Attachment Styles Questionnaire (RASS1990), Core Family Health Scale (FOS) and Cognitive Self-Identity Scale (ISK) used. In addition to descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were used for data analysis. Results showed that Family emotional atmosphere, attachment styles, health of the original family and Integrative Self - Knowledge have significant relationship with attitudes to marriage. Stepwise regression results also revealed that cohesive Integrative Self - Knowledge, Family emotional atmosphere and secure attachment style were able to predict marriage attitudes significantly. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of   the role of cohesive se   Integrative Self - Knowledge, Family emotional atmosphere   and secure attachment style in predicting attitudes toward marriage.Key word: Attitude toward Marriage,   Family emotional atmosphere, Attachment Styles,   The health of the original family , Integrative Self - Knowledge , Girl Students  

   Most women and women have been the subject of abuse and humiliation. Women rejected by the community are irresponsible and rejected; they are the most marginalized in society and rarely give them the opportunity to talk and talk about themselves and their experiences of life. Is. These women are from groups that are highly at risk for AIDS and addiction, and to some extent they can be prevalent. The present study intends to investigate the issue of tenure, family structure and patterns of parental relations based on the experience of women in the sale of women in Kermanshah. The methodology of phenomenology and the technique of deep interviewing and observation are purposefully and Snowball analyzes the story of 18 women selling. Participants were selected among women selling women in Kermanshah. The interviews were conducted individually with each participant in order to extract narratives from their experiences. Background and Aim: The phenomenon of street prostitution has emerged as an issue and a social problem in Iranian society. Theorists believe that the family plays an important role as one of the main factors influencing the age of the onset of prostitution. The purpose of this study was to determine the family factors affecting the age of the onset of street prophylaxis in Kermanshah. Findings: The mean age of the onset of prostitution was about 19 years old, with the first illegitimate sexual experience, which has had important effects on their tendency toward the profession. Family influences on the age of onset of street prosecutors include: religious commitment of parents, parental education, the existence of family morality, affection and affection, and the preservation of independence, a source of peace and security in the family, and so on. However, the objective and exterior aspects of the family, such as occupation and economic status and coverage style, etc., have not been effective on the age of the onset of family prostitution. Therefore, the cultural aspects and identity of the family on its objective dimensions have a significant effect on the age of the onset of prostitution. In this research, three main themes of the data have been extracted: the women's experience of sales of women, the study of their family structure and the pattern of parental relationships patterns (parenting patterns).

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Every community has diverse minorities. Changing the gender of the pepol as a sexual minority group that has the dilemma and importance of families and communities, revives the world, are different from the rest of society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of the world historically in Kermanshah, which has experience in their lives. In this research, a range of theories related to identity and tra  exual sexuality have been used: these theories are: the theory of identity of Ericsson, the cognitive theory of Kelberg identity, the theory of sexual orientation, the role of the cognitive-psychological approach, the social and cognitive approach to gender disorientation Each of which focuses on certain aspects of recognizing this minority's gender. The methodology of this study is qualitative and methodology has been used for this research. The data gathering method was: Deep View and Interview - Structured Seminar with 10 Data Exchanges. Selection of contributors has been used for targeted sampling and then data collection has been stopped based on theoretical considerations - the concept of research. The research data have been reviewed and presented by the content analysis method. The findings of this research show that there is a change in the data with various issues in society, culture, family, psychology, identity, education, occupation, physical and sexual, legal, and medical, which solve these issues by strengthening the protection of Families of culture-building, promotion of individual abilities, as well as improving interpersonal relationships with the help of psychologists, counseling, sociology and the assignment of this area are possible.  

Abstract Introduction: Special care needs of exceptional children can affect maternal mental health. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of mindfulness education on the psychological hardiness and resilience of exceptional children's mothers. Method: To conduct a semi-experimental research with a pre-test post-test design with a control group, 40 individual mothers of exceptional children in Harsin city were selected as available and They were randomly assigned to two groups of expriment and control group. the subjects of the   experimental groups received 2 hours of relevant education (mindfulness) during 8 sessions and finally the subjects of the two groups completed the psychological hardiness and resilience questionnaires. At the end, due to the drop, the number of subjects reached 30. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance with    21. Results: The results of covariance test showed that the mindfulness method increased psychological hardiness and resiliency of mothers of exceptional children. Conclusion: Considering the psychological hardiness of mothers of these children is at risk and high resilience is also necessary to interact with exceptional children, and considering the significant effect of teaching mindfulness on quality of life and resilience of this group of mothers, holding Learning workshops focusing on mindfulness education can play an effective role in maintaining quality of life and promoting the resilience of exceptional children's mothers. Keywords: Mindfulness, Resilience, psychological hsrdiness ،Mothers with exceptional children   

 هدف پژوهش حاضر واكاوي پديدارشناسانه تجربه زيسته شاغلان موفق از مسير شغلي است پژوهش از نوع كاربردي و به لحاظ نحوه گردآوري اطلاعات از دوروش كمي و كيفي استفاده شده است در بخش كمي از پرسشنامه موفقيت شغلي هيرشي  و همكاران (2017) براس شناسايي افراد موفق شغلي و در بخش كيفي از مصاحبه عميق براي بررسي تجربيات افراد موفق از مسير شغليشان استفاده شده است جامعه آماري پژوهش كليه زنان و مردان موفق كه در سال 1397 در شهر بروجرد ساكن هستند شيوه نمونه گيري پژوهش نمونه گيري هدفمند مي باشد به اينصورت كه محقق در مرحله اول نمونه پگيري كه با هدف شناسايي افراد موفق انجام شد تعداد200 نفر از ساكنان شهر بروجرد انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامه موفقيت شغلي توسط آنها تكميل شد و در مرحله دوم كساني كه نمره بالاتر از يك انحراف استاندارد در پرسشنامه كسب كردند به عنوان افراد موفق شناسايي شدند نتايج پژوهش نشان داد شاغلان موفق داراي تجربيات مشابهي هستند كه بر پيشرفت مسير شغليشان تاثير گذار بوده است  

The present study has been done to investigate the Effectiveness of Positive Skills Training on psychological Hardiness and Self –Compassion in Male Substance Dependent during treatment With Methadone. Research type was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design with control group. Population of this study was all in Male Substance Dependent during treatment With Methadone that to addiction treatment clinics in Kermanshah academic year 2019. 30 students were selected through available sampling method and assigned in 2 groups (experimental and control) randomly. The experimental group received 8 training sessions for positive thinking skills. The research instruments include Ahwaz psychological hardiness questionnaire Kayamrathi, Najjarian and Sohrabi-zadeh Honarmand (1998) and Self –Compassion Nef (2003). The gathered data were analyzed through MANCOVA and ANCOVA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of psychological Hardiness and Self –Compassion. Based on the results it con be said that the Positive Skills Training on psychological Hardiness and Self –Compassion in Male Substance Dependent during treatment With Methadone is effective.

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  Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between information literacy and the ability to spot fake news among Kermanshah public library users.  Method: The research method is descriptive correlational and the type of applied target. The statistical population of this research includes all of public library users of Kermanshah city, which According to the statistics and resources department of the public librareis of Kermanshah province at the end of August 2018, there are 22,787 people who are members of 18 public libraries. Using Morgan table and cluster sampling, 377 people were selected as sample size. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire designed to detect fake news based on eight IFLA informational components and the Qassemi information literacy questionnaire (2006) were used. In this research, data analysis was done in two sections: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. In the descriptive statistics section, information abundance distribution tables were summarized. In the inferential statistics section, to test the hypotheses and find the relationships between variables, the structural equation modeling in Lisrel software and Pearson correlation coefficient test, One-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons tests have been used in    software.Findings: Findings indicate that the level of information literacy as well as the ability to detect fake news (excluding the questionnaire of experts (librarians)) among users of public libraries in Kermanshah is slightly above average. The highest value belongs to the "consider the source" component and the smallest amount belongs to the "ask of experts" component. In general, the average of the variables of the ability to detect fake news among users of public libraries in Kermanshah is equal to 3.522 and about 58%, and the information literacy variable is equal to 3.251 and is about 54%. The findings indicate that there is a relationship between information literacy and the ability to detect fake news as a whole, as well as information literacy through the ability to detect fake news components. The results also indicate that among the demographic variables, only the level of education and field of study with the variable of information literacy and the level of education and age are associated with the variable of the ability to detect fake news.  Conclusions: Given the fact that there is a positive relationship between information literacy and the ability to detect false news among users of public libraries in Kermanshah, public libraries should consider technology education such as information literacy to detect and combat fake news.  Keywords: information literacy, fake news, public library users  

  Investigating the Causes of Self-Injury in Adolescent Girls in Kermanshah City

Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between skills of multilingualism and information behavior of graduate students at Razi University.Methodology: The present research in term of type is an applied research;but in terms of method it is a survey method. It can also be considered as correlation research.In general all these are href="https://golestan.razi.ac.ir/TextArea/Em.htm?name=F29541& Max=5000& Cap=چكيده لاتين&Lan=2&arg=0#_ftn1" name=_ftnref1>[1] students at Razi University who were studying in the second half of the academic year 1395-1396.The research population was 6972. Sample size365 people with cochran formula and error level 0/05 was obtained.and a multi-stagerandom probability sampling method was used.for data analysis.mean test,one way ANOVA and independent T-teat were used.Results: The finding showed no significant relationship between skills of multilingualism and information behavior of graduate students of Razi University. Also, there was no significant difference between the information behavior of graduate students of Razi University based on multilingualism skills.except for four skills of English plus the ability to speak Arabic other linguistic skills do not have   significant relationship with the information behavior of graduate students Razi University. Information behavior of students based on skills of multilingualism and the effect of gender and and level of education were used in the mean test and the efect of two layers of gender and education level; The findings showed that the three- tongue students of men MA(3/75) are more than others. Also Bilingual PHD men have higher average PHD leve(3/83) than others. But in general, the average behavior of women MA and PHD degrees is higher than men. This means that the female students of the multilingual in each of the two MA and PHD degrees have higher mean score.Conclusion: the results showed that language as a useful tool in the field of information behaviorhas been deeply embedded among incident students and according to research results, an individual who know a language and who speaks multiple languages doesnot differ in terms of information behavior. with regard to the choice of both Kurdish and English, it is recommended that universities consider this issue in providing resources and sharing databaces. The students also must pay more attention to language.   And they must try more to learning and using this useful tool in their ow   information activities.universities can also setup language footnote-list">[1] - MA and PHD degrees

  urpose: The main purpose of this study is to determine the information seeking behavior in the context of daily life of the users of public libraries in Sanandaj.Method: In this research, an information-seeking approach in everyday life of Ellis is used to investigate the information seeking behavior in the context of everyday life, and using a descriptive-analytic survey method. The participants in this study include all the users of public libraries in Sanandaj province under the supervision of the public libraries of the country; with more than 16 years old in 1395 with a total of 7071 people. The sample of the study was calculated based on Morgans 364-people curriculum. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire with 51 questions of M.A thesis (1394) of Rosaie, Pashuheshgary, Senar, Valence and Zero (2005). Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics have been used.Findings: The findings of this study showed that the most popular information channels for the users of public libraries in Sanandaj are personal resources, printed and electronic resources, respectively. Other findings from the research also suggest that women use printed resources more than men, so that this difference is meaningful, but there is no significant difference between different sexes in terms of using personal and electronic resources.; also married couples use printed resources more than single ones, and singles use personal resources more than married ones, and this difference is significant statistically, but there is no significant difference in terms of using electronic resources between singles and marrieds. There is no significant difference between respondents with different educational levels in the use of electronic resources. But there is a significant difference between the level of education in terms of using personal and printed resources. Moreover, the findings showed that most of the public libraries of Sanandaj have a positive attitude toward the role and presence of information in their daily lives. In addition, among the factors affecting respondents information behavior, proper computer skills and ease of access to the Internet, the highest average rating (95%) and distance to the general library, the lowest average rating (49%) are among the various factors.Conclusion: Managers and planners in the institution of public libraries related to user information behavior to identify their daily information behavior in their own organization can use this information in the best way to manage and control the organization in terms of different social, cultural and livelihoods of families, and by eliminating the needs of their users make the best decisions in the best way.Key words: information behavior, information in the context of everyday life, public library users, Sanandaj city

  One of the new therapeutic approaches that can be tested is its effectiveness, Cognitive rehabilitation and effort to repair cognitive impairments. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on improving Visual and Audible memory and reduced selected attention deficit disorder was secondary high school girl with obsessive-compulsive disorder. The method of this research is semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population included all female students with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Koohdasht high schools in the academic year of 2011-2012. By random selection of four high schools and screening using the Revised OCD Foa et al. (OCI-R), 30 students who had a score of over 38 in the questionnaire, and after interviewing them, the criteria for entering and leaving the research were fulfilled, were selected purposefully and they were randomly assigned to two groups. Then, from both groups, Wechslers active memory test and the selected Stroop attention were taken and for the experimental group for 12 sessions of cognitive rehabilitation program. After retrieving the post-test, the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The findings indicated that cognitive rehabilitation in promoting audible memory (p<0/001), Visual memory (p<0/001), as well as in reducing selective attention defects (p<0/001), and reducing the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (p<0/001). Therefore, according to the findings, cognitive rehabilitation is effective in improving Visual and Audible memory and reducing the selected attention deficit disorder and improving the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

  Specific learning disorder is one of the most common disorders of childhood. The characteristic of this disorder is a persistent problem with the learning of reading, writing, and mathematical skills. The results of the research show that children with special learning disabilities have more educational problems than cognitive problems such as memory impairment, attention, information processing, concentration, executive functions, distraction, etc. They can meet their parents expectations and thus become anxious, and to escape this anxiety, they use one of the cognitive avoidance strategies, including suppressed thinking, substitution thinking, and distraction.The aim of this study was the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation on reducing cognitive failure and cognitive avoidance of students in Students SLD.This study was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test. The population included all third grade to sixth female students with learning disabilities in the city of Kermanshah Of them, 28 patients were selected and divided into control and experimental groups. Research   Instruments included The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) of Broadbent, Cognitive avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ) of Sexton and Dugas, the Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (CLDQ) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children- fourth edition. Captain Logs cognitive rehabilitation program at 12 session of 50- 60 minute twice a week for the study group was developed. Covariance analysis indicated that the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation caused reduction in childrens cognitive failure and cognitive avoidance (P<0/001).    software version 24 was used to analyze the data. Results of this study showed that computer-based cognitive rehabilitation can be used as a convenient way to help students with learning disorders to reduce their cognitive failure and cognitive avoidance  Keywords: computer-based cognitive rehabilitation, Specific Learning Disability, cognitive failure, cognitive avoidance,   

  This study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological hardiness and integrative self-knowledge with marital burnout in Javanrood?s married teachers. This study was correlational and study sample included 201 Javanrood?s married teachers who were selected using stratified random sampling. The instruments used in this study, included Pines?s couple burnout measure, Ahvaz hardiness inventory and integrated self-knowledge scale. Data obtained using Pearson?s correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. The results show that there is a negative relationship between each of variables psychological hardiness and integrative self-knowledge (experimental self-knowledge, reflective self-knowledge & cohesive self-knowledge) with marital burnout (P<0/001). Also multiple regression analysis showed that psychological hardiness and experimental self-knowledge factors, are good predictors of dependent variable, namely marital burnout.  Keywords: Psychological hardiness, Integrative self-knowledge, Marital burnout, Teachers.

The effectiveness of premarital education on constraining beliefs of mate selection and marriage expectations in male college student in Isfahan    Abstract   The aim of this study was to the effectiveness of premarital education on constraining beliefs of mate and marriage expectations in male college student in Isfahan. This study used a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with control group. For this purpose, 90 subjects were selected from those of boy students in marriage conferences and counseling centers and municipalities participated in Isfahan, and then 30 purposefully selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into two groups (n = 15) and control (n = 15) were divided. constraining beliefs of mate selection (CBMS) and the expectation of marriage questionnaire (MES).For the purposes of the test were delivered. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes (twice a week) training received prior to marriage and then after both groups were tested. Covariance analysis showed that premarital education has an impact on constraining beliefs and expectations of marriage mate selection (p<0.05).The findings indicate the lack of effectiveness of the training constraining belief, sleep, believe me confidence, belief and expectations pessimistic one and only one limiting belief believe the opposite effect on saving, believe idealistic, easy effort, realistic expectations and the idealistic expectations.Keywords: education before marriage, constraining beliefs of mate selection, marriage expectation, college students boys  

  The aim of this study was consider the relationship between implicit belief about intelligence and mindfulness with achievement motivation with mediation family affective climate i   female students. Statistical population including all secondary school students of Kermanshah in 2015-2016 year. By The use of multistage cluster sampling, 355 students were selected as sample, Assessment instruments consist of   Hermens achievement motivation inventory, implicit belief about intelligence scale, Five factor mindfulness questionnaire and family affective climate hillburn. To analyze the data, using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation for instance) Pearsonian correlation, multiple regression analysis and path analysis were used. According to the proposed model the relationships between this variables, had the acceptable Fitness. The results of this analysis illustrated that mindfulness and implicit belief about intelligence had a direct impact with achievement motivation, also mindfulness and implicit belief about intelligence through affective climate have an direct family effect.     Conclusion: According to study, It can be concluded that family affective climate between implicit belief about intelligence and mindfulness with achievement motivation has a mediating role.   Keywords:Belief about intelligence , Mindfulness, Achievements motivation, Affective family climate, high school Female students in Kermanshah.

    AbstractThe aim of present study is prediction academic adjustment based on academic self-concept and self-regulated learning strategies in male students’ .research type was descriptive and correlational. The population consist of all third year high school male students in Kermanshah were enrolled in the academic year 2016-17 . 270 students were chosen with multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instruments were California Personality Inventory Questionnaire academic adjustment( Clark and Tiges ,1953), Self-regulated learning strategies Questionnaire   (Zimerman-Pons,1986), Self-efficacy Questionnaire academic (Jinks & Morgan,1999) and Academic self-concept questionnaire (Y.Che   Yi,2004). Data analyzed with multivariate Regression. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression results indicated that there is Positive relationship between Self-regulated learning strategies and academic adjustment, a positive and significant relationship between academic and the compatibility of education. The result also showed that components of self-regulated learning strategies, (r=0/26) is the largest in explaining academic adjustment. Other results showed that model can predict academic adjustment significantly (r2=0/160, p<0/ 01).findings indicated the importance of academic self-concept and self-regulated learning strategies in predicting academic adjustment in students.

Abstract  The purpose of the present study was to examine the causal relationship of Teacher’s Affective Support, Community Classroom with School Well-being mediated by Academic Motivation among male freshman High School Students in Ahwaz. The researcher for this purpose, 270 students from for areas of educatio   Ahwaz were selected by ratio random sampling. The research instruments were teacher’s affective support subscale, community classroom subscale(CCS), students assessing subscale from school well-being scale, and academic motivation scale (AMS). The results of path analysis indicated that has positive and significant effect and direct relationship the teacher’s affective support with intrinsic motivation to know and students assessing to school, but was found significant negative relation between teacher’s affective support and amotivation, have positive and indirect relation teacher’s affective support and student’s assessing mediated by intrinsic motivation to know, and was found indirect relation teacher’s affective support and student’s assessing mediated by external regulation, has significant’s positive relation and direct classroom community with intrinsic motivation to know and student’s assessing, has significant’s negative relation classroom community with amotivation.have positive and indirect relation between classroom community and students assessing mediated by intrinsic motivation to know, have indirect relation between classroom community and students assessing mediated by external regulation.KeyWords: Teacher’s Affective support, Classroom Community, School Well-being, Academic Motivation

The third wave of cognitive behavioral therapy treatments instead to challenge the cognitions, awareness emphasize on and acceptance of feelings, emotions and cognition and focus. The aim of the present study was to investigation the effectiveness acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing Psychological flexibility and Decreasing Rumination in addicts treating with methadone in kermanshah. The pre-test and post-test semi-experimental design was used. From these Population 40 people assigned into 2 experimental and control groups randomly. Instrument was (yousefi, 1384) Rumination and (bond, hayes,zettle, 2011) Acceptance and action(AAQ-II) questioners. Multivariate analysis of covariance used for data analyze by   -22. Findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in increasing Psychological flexibility and Decreasing Rumination. Based on findings acceptance and commitment therapy can program interventions among drug users on methadone treatment.

The aim of this study is the relationship between family communication patterns and the internet addiction in Razi university students with academic procrastination. The aim of this study is to look at practical because of the students findings can be used to solve any problems. It is descriptive from the perspective of how to collect data.The concept of time, cross-sectional look at the type of data, quantitative research is considered. The study population included all students of Razi University in the 95-94 school year to 13,000 the number and size of the sample using Cochran sampling formula is estimated at 372 people. Three questionnaires were used to collect data from academic procrastination (1984), Family Communication Patterns Questionnaire (2004) and cyberspace, the Internet Addiction Test (1390). To analyze the data, Spearman correlation and multiple regressions with enter method were used. Spearmans test results showed that meaningful levels are lower than the standard value; Thus, family communication patterns and addiction to the internet have the ability to predict procrastination.  The aim of this study is the relationship between family communication patterns and the internet addiction in Razi university students with academic procrastination. The aim of this study is to look at practical because of the students findings can be used to solve any problems. It is descriptive from the perspective of how to collect data.The concept of time, cross-sectional look at the type of data, quantitative research is considered. The study population included all students of Razi University in the 95-94 school year to 13,000 the number and size of the sample using Cochran sampling formula is estimated at 372 people. Three questionnaires were used to collect data from academic procrastination (1984), Family Communication Patterns Questionnaire (2004) and cyberspace, the Internet Addiction Test (1390). To analyze the data, Spearman correlation and multiple regressions with enter method were used. Spearmans test results showed that meaningful levels are lower than the standard value; Thus, family communication patterns and addiction to the internet have the ability to predict procrastination.