Given the importance of upper secondary school as a critical and decisive stage in students’ academic trajectories, and considering the multiple challenges of this period—such as exam pressure, competition for university admission, and family expectations—identifying the factors influencing academic success and students’ psychological well-being has become increasingly important. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived academic support and academic engagement and academic achievement, with academic resilience as a mediator. This applied study employed a descriptive correlational design using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The statistical population consisted of upper secondary school students in Kermanshah, Iran, during the 2025–2026 academic year. A sample of 250 students was selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. Participants completed the Perceived Academic Support Questionnaire (Rees et al., 2022), the Academic Engagement Scale (Reeve & Tseng, 2011), the Academic Resilience Scale (Samuels, 2004), and the Academic Achievement Questionnaire (Pham & Taylor, 1990). Data were analyzed using   -26 and AMOS-24, with the significance level set at 0.05 for all tests. The results indicated that the proposed model demonstrated a good fit to the data. Findings showed that perceived academic support had a positive and significant relationship with academic engagement (? = 0.58, P < 0.001) and academic achievement (? = 0.44, P < 0.001). Moreover, perceived academic support significantly predicted academic resilience (? = 0.43, P < 0.001). In addition, academic resilience significantly predicted academic achievement (? = 0.35, P < 0.001) and academic engagement (? = 0.62, P < 0.001). The results of the Sobel test also indicated that academic resilience played a significant mediating role in the relationship between perceived academic support and academic achievement (Z = 1.98, P < 0.01), as well as between perceived academic support and academic engagement (Z = 6.64, P < 0.01). Overall, perceived academic support not only exerted a direct effect but also indirectly enhanced students’ academic engagement and achievement through increasing academic resilience. Given the importance of improving educational quality and students’ mental health during secondary education, the findings highlight the necessity of designing intervention programs aimed at strengthening academic support and fostering resilience skills in schools.

  Learning can be considered as one of the most fundamental processes that enable individuals to evolve and grow into transformed individuals with enhanced cognitive abilities and thinking beyond predetermined boundaries. Meanwhile, specific learning disorder is one of the most significant childhood disorders, characterized as a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the brain’s ability to receive, process, store, and respond to information. This disorder is also associated with behavioral problems and difficulties in memory performance and problem-solving. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of STEM-based education on working memory and problem-solving in students with learning disorders.The present study employed a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population included all elementary school students with specific learning disorders in Kermanshah province during the 2024-2025 academic year. The sample size consisted of 30 students with learning disorders, selected through convenient sampling and based on the study’s inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to an experimental group(n=15) and a control group (n=15). The experimental group received STEM-based education tasks for eight sessions, two sessions per week, each lasting 45 minutes. The scales used in this study included the CLDQ Learning Disability Assessment (2011), the Shallice and Warrington’s (1982) London Tower Test, and the Kirchner’s (1958) n-back task. The collected data were analyzed using univariate covariance analysis and    version 24 software. the results showed that training based on project - based method (STEM) has effective on improving and improving working memory and solving problem of students with learning disorder ( p < 0/01). also there is a significant difference between the mean of 0.075 ( p = 075 , p = 150 ) and active memory ( p = 0.023 , 429 = 0.023 ) in the experimental and control groups in post - test . since students with learning problems are usually present in normal schools and their needs are ignored, considering the findings of this study , it is important to consider the findings of this study and it seems necessary to develop a program for early diagnosis and effective interventions for these students .also attention to executive functions such as solving problem and working memory as the main cognitive components should not be neglected

  محيط‌هاي پيچيده دانشگاهي و حجم بالاي الزامات آموزشي، استرس تحصيلي را به يكي از موانع اصلي موفقيت دانشجويان تبديل كرده است. در اين راستا، هوش هيجاني به عنوان يك سپر محافظتي شناخته مي‌شود؛ اما مكانيسم دقيق اثرگذاري آن در عصر فناوري نيازمند تبيين است. به نظر مي‌رسد مهارت‌هاي شناختي-رفتاري همچون خودتنظيمي و قابليت‌هاي فناورانه نظير سواد ديجيتال، حلقه‌هاي مفقوده‌اي هستند كه مي‌توانند اثر هوش هيجاني بر كاهش استرس را تسهيل كنند. بر همين اساس، پژوهش حاضر با هدف اصلي مدل‌سازي و بررسي نقش ميانجي سواد ديجيتال و خودتنظيمي در رابطه ميان هوش هيجاني و استرس تحصيلي در بين دانشجويان دانشگاه رازي انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر كاربردي و از نوع توصيفي-همبستگي مبتني بر مدل‌سازي معادلات ساختاري (SEM) بود. جامعه آماري دانشجويان دانشگاه رازي در سال تحصيلي ????-???? بود. با روش نمونه‌گيري خوشه‌اي، ??? نفر انتخاب و پس از ريزش، داده‌هاي ??? نفر تحليل شد. ابزارهاي پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌هاي استاندارد هوش هيجاني (ساته و همكاران، ????)، استرس تحصيلي (بدوي، ????)، سواد ديجيتال (ودا و همكاران، ????) و خودتنظيمي (پينتريچ و همكاران، ????) بود. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزارهاي   -24 و AMOS-24تحليل گرديد. نتايج حاصل از مدل‌سازي معادلات ساختاري نشان داد كه اثر مستقيم هوش هيجاني بر استرس تحصيلي منفي و معنادار است (25/0-=?)، همچنين، هوش هيجاني اثر مثبت و معناداري بر سواد ديجيتال (17/0=?) و خودتنظيمي(40/0=?) دارد. از سوي ديگر، اثر مستقيم سواد ديجيتال (58/0-=?) و خودتنظيمي(28/0-=?) بر استرس تحصيلي منفي و معنادار به دست آمد. افزون بر اين، نتايج آزمون سوبل نقش ميانجي متغيرها را تأييد كرد؛ بدين‌گونه كه هوش هيجاني هم از طريق ارتقاي سواد ديجيتال (15/3=Z) و هم از طريق بهبود خودتنظيمي (29/2=Z) به طور غيرمستقيم موجب كاهش استرس تحصيلي دانشجويان مي‌شود. بر اساس يافته‌هاي پژوهش، هوش هيجاني به عنوان يك منبع روان‌شناختي مهم، نه تنها به صورت مستقيم، بلكه با فعال‌سازي توانمندي‌هاي فناورانه (سواد ديجيتال) و مهارت‌هاي مديريت شناختي-رفتاري (خودتنظيمي)، نقش مؤثري در مهار استرس تحصيلي ايفا مي‌كند. از اين رو، طراحي مداخلات آموزشي چندبعدي در دانشگاه‌ها جهت ارتقاي همزمان هوش هيجاني، سواد رسانه‌اي و مهارت‌هاي خودتنظيمي براي صيانت از سلامت روان دانشجويان پيشنهاد مي‌گردد.

The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between emotional self-regulation and coherent self-awareness with parenting among parents of children with intellectual disabilities, considering the mediating role of resilience. The statistical population consisted of all parents of children with intellectual disabilities in Kermanshah in 2025. Cluster sampling was used to select the participants. The sample size was estimated at 315 based on 21 model parameters, with 15 participants per parameter, selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected through standardized questionnaires of emotional self-regulation (Gratz & Roemer, 2004), coherent self-awareness (Ghorbani et al., 2008), parenting style (Robinson et al., 2001), and resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003). Data analysis was performed using   26 and  martPLS3  oftware using correlation coefficient and regression methods. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the fit of the data to the conceptual model. The results showed that resilience is not only significantly affected by emotional self-regulation with a coefficient of (0.116 and p=0.035) and cohesive self-knowledge with a coefficient of (0.163 and p=0.04), but also significantly affects the parenting of parents with children with intellectual disabilities (coefficient of 0.695 and p=0.000). The results show that improving the quality of parenting is more likely to be influenced by parents' emotional or identity skills than by strengthening their resilience. Resilience is a channel that transforms emotional management and identity stability into adaptive and supportive parenting. Therefore, emotional self-regulation skills and integrated self-knowledge of parents of children with intellectual disabilities play a role in improving their parenting and adaptive behaviors both directly and through increasing resilience.

   Adolescence is a period of transformation characterized by cognitive, emotional, and behavioral changes. In addition to their positive effects, these changes can also impose pressure on adolescents. One of the common issues during this stage is aggression. Aggressive adolescents often lack the ability to control their behavior and tend not to conform to social norms and cultural expectations. Considering the crucial role of adolescents in the country’s future development and the increasing prevalence of aggressive behaviors in society (Vakili et al. 2021), the present study aimed to examine the relationship between negative perfectionism and body image concern with adolescent aggression, with emotion regulation difficulties as a mediating variable, among students in Kermanshah schools. The research employed a correlational design based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included all first-year secondary school students in Kermanshah during the 2023–2024 academic year. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample of 380 students was selected through convenience sampling. The instruments used were: the Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992), the Body Image Concern Inventory (Littleton et al. 2005), the Perfectionism Questionnaire (Terry-Short et al. 1995), and the short form of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (Gratz & Roemer, 2016). Data collected through these questionnaires were analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods with    and Mplus software. Model fit indices (?² = 3348.519, DF = 2621, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.07, RMSEA = 0.03) indicated a good model fit. The results showed significant positive correlations between negative perfectionism and emotion regulation difficulties (r = 0.488, p < 0.001), aggression and body image concern (r = 0.480, p < 0.001), emotion regulation difficulties and aggression (r = 0.497, p < 0.001), and emotion regulation difficulties and body image concern (r = 0.428, p < 0.001). There was also a significant positive relationship between aggression and body image concern (p < 0.001). The findings revealed that negative perfectionism was the strongest predictor of aggression in this model. Additionally, body image dissatisfaction indirectly and significantly increased aggression (? = 0.048, p = 0.022), mediated by emotion regulation difficulties. This suggests that dissatisfaction with one’s body reduces the ability to regulate emotions, thereby increasing aggressive behaviors. Likewise, negative perfectionism also had an indirect and significant effect on aggression (? = 0.094, p = 0.018), indicating that it fosters aggression through its impact on emotional dysregulation. These findings, in addition to enriching the theoretical literature, can serve as a basis for designing educational and developmental   programs in schools.Such programs, aimed at enhancing personal   feelings and satisfaction, abandoning unrealistic standards, and optimally employing emotion-regulation strategies, can help reduce aggression among   adolescens.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between academic persistence and academic achievement among high school students in Kermanshah. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships among the variables. The statistical population consisted of all high school students in Kermanshah during the 2023–2024 academic year. Using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 320 participants were selected; following the exclusion of 20 questionnaires based on the study’s removal criteria, data from 300 students were included in the final analyses. The data collection instruments included the Academic Buoyancy Scale developed by Martin and Marsh (2008) and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire by Billings and Moos (1984), while academic achievement was measured using students’ end-of-year grade point averages. Data analysis was conducted using   -26 and AMOS-24 software. The SEM results revealed a positive and significant relationship between academic persistence and academic achievement (? = 0.324, p = 0.001), as well as between academic persistence and problem-focused coping strategies (? = 0.298, p = 0.001). In contrast, academic persistence showed a negative and significant relationship with emotion-focused coping strategies (? = -0.307, p = 0.001). Moreover, problem-focused coping strategies had a direct positive and significant relationship with academic achievement (? = 0.667, p = 0.001), whereas the relationship between emotion-focused coping strategies and academic achievement was non-significant (? = 0.11, p = 0.078). Analysis of indirect effects indicated that academic persistence was positively and significantly related to academic achievement through coping styles, particularly the problem-focused approach (? = 0.55, p = 0.001). Overall, the findings underscore the pivotal role of academic persistence and the utilization of problem-focused coping strategies in enhancing academic achievement, whereas reliance on emotion-focused strategies may have adverse effects on students’ ability to sustain effort and motivation. The results highlight the necessity of incorporating training and reinforcement of constructive coping skills into school-based programs to promote persistence and academic success among students.   

   چكيده توجه و پيشرفت تحصيلي از مؤلفه‌هاي حياتي موفقيت دانش‌آموزان در دوره ابتدايي محسوب مي‌شوند. پژوهش‌هاي اخير بر نقش اثربخش تمرينات ذهن‌آگاهي، به‌ويژه رويكردهاي مبتني بر عمل، در ارتقاي اين مهارت‌ها تأكيد دارند. هدف اين پژوهش بررسي اثربخشي آموزش ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل بر توجه و پيشرفت تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره دوم ابتدايي شهر كرمانشاه بود. اين مطالعه از نوع نيمه‌آزمايشي با طرح پيش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون و گروه كنترل بود. جامعه آماري پژوهش شامل كليه دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره دوم ابتدايي شهر كرمانشاه با جمعيتي حدود ?????? نفر بود. نمونه‌گيري به روش خوشه‌اي چندمرحله‌اي انجام شد؛ در اين راستا، ناحيه ? از بين سه ناحيه آموزش‌وپرورش شهر كرمانشاه انتخاب شد، سپس يك مدرسه و از آن مدرسه دو كلاس به‌صورت تصادفي برگزيده شدند. حجم نمونه شامل ?? دانش‌آموز (?? نفر در گروه آزمايش و ?? نفر در گروه كنترل) بود. گروه آزمايش به مدت ? جلسه ?? تا ?? دقيقه‌اي، پروتكل ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل را دريافت كرد. ابزارهاي اندازه‌گيري شامل آزمون ثبت توجه (سنجش زمان كل، خطاي ارتكاب و خطاي حذف) براي سنجش توجه و نمرات تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان در آزمون‌هاي استاندارد شده دروس فارسي و رياضي براي ارزيابي پيشرفت تحصيلي بود. داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار    24 و روش تحليل كوواريانس تجزيه‌وتحليل شدند. نتايج تحليل داده‌ها نشان داد كه مداخله ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل تأثير معناداري بر توجه و پيشرفت تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان دوره ابتدايي داشت. اين مداخله منجر به بهبود معنادار توجه شد كه با كاهش خطاي حذف، خطاي ارتكاب و كل زمان آزمون در گروه آزمايش همراه بود. همچنين، تأثير معناداري بر پيشرفت تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان مشاهده شد كه شامل افزايش نمرات دروس فارسي و رياضي در گروه آزمايش در مقايسه با گروه كنترل بود. ميانگين‌هاي تعديل‌شده نيز تأييدكننده عملكرد بهتر گروه آزمايش در توجه (كاهش خطاها و زمان) و پيشرفت تحصيلي (افزايش نمرات) بود (p < 0.001). نتايج اين پژوهش به‌روشني نشان مي‌دهد كه آموزش ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل يك رويكرد مؤثر براي ارتقاي توجه و بهبود پيشرفت تحصيلي در دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره دوم ابتدايي است. اين يافته‌ها شواهد علمي ارزشمندي را براي طراحي و اجراي برنامه‌هاي آموزشي مبتني بر ذهن‌آگاهي در مدارس ابتدايي ايران فراهم مي‌آورد و مي‌تواند براي معلمان، مشاوران تحصيلي و برنامه‌ريزان آموزشي در جهت ارتقاي عملكرد شناختي و تحصيلي دانش‌آموزان مفيد باشد. كليدواژه‌ها: ذهن‌آگاهي مبتني بر عمل، توجه، پيشرفت تحصيلي، دانش‌آموزان ابتدايي.

   People with physical disabilities face challenges in performing daily activities, making the role of parents critical in their growth and empowerment. This study aimed to explore parenting indicators among parents of employed individuals with physical disabilities. A qualitative phenomenological design was used. The study population included parents of employed individuals with physical disabilities in Kermanshah Province (2025), selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via unstructured interviews and analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. Findings revealed three main categories: "child-focused strategies," "parent-focused strategies," and "context-focused strategies." Results highlighted the active role of parents in shaping their children’s career and social paths and emphasized the need for supportive and educational interventions for families to promote independence and quality of life in this population.

100 Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between interpersonal cognitive distortions and cognitive flexibility with problematic internet use among students. This study was conducted within the framework of the positivist paradigm, utilizing a quantitative approach and a correlational design based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present research included students from universities in Kermanshah city during the academic year 2023-2024, from which 500 individuals were selected through random sampling. Data were collected using the short form of the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire (PIUQ-SF-6), the short version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS-16), the Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale (ICDS), and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI). For data analysis,    27.0 and PLS-SEM software were utilized. Based on the results obtained, the model fit indices, convergent validity, construct reliability, composite reliability, and Cronbach’s alpha were acceptable, and the Fornell-Larcker criterion and HTMT indicated compliance with the conditions for discriminant validity between the latent and manifest variables in the examined conceptual model. The results from structural equation modeling indicated a direct relationship between cognitive flexibility and emotional dysregulation, cognitive flexibility and problematic internet use, cognitive distortions and emotional dysregulation, cognitive distortions and problematic internet use, emotional dysregulation and problematic internet use rejection and emotional dysregulation, rejection and 101 problematic internet use unrealistic expectations and emotional dysregulation. It is noteworthy that there was no significant relationship between unrealistic expectations and problematic internet use. Overall, more than 65% of the behavior of problematic internet use among students could be explained using the predictive and mediating variables, which is considered a moderately high level. It is worth mentioning that emotional dysregulation played a partial mediating role in the relationship between interpersonal cognitive distortions and cognitive flexibility with problematic internet use among students. These results emphasize the importance of identifying potential mediators in the relationship between interpersonal cognitive distortions and cognitive flexibility with problematic internet use among students to aid in the development of evidence-based screening and intervention methods aimed at reducing the harms associated with problematic internet use for students and pupils.  

   Students, as one of the important pillars of society, have a critical position and an influential role in achieving the goals of the country's education system. One of the issues that the country's education system faces is the issue of student procrastination. Academic procrastination, as the deliberate postponement of academic assignments and duties, despite awareness of its consequences, is a common problem among students. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and academic self-regulation with academic procrastination in high school students in Kermanshah, with the mediating role of self-efficacy. The present study was classified as a basic research in terms of its purpose and as a descriptive correlational research in terms of data collection, using structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included all high school students in Kermanshah who were studying in the academic year 1402-1403. Among them, 310 students were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The sample members completed the Solomon and Rothblum academic procrastination questionnaire (1984), Garnevsky cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (2001), Savari and Arabzadeh academic self-regulation questionnaire (2013), and Sherer et al. self-efficacy questionnaire (1982), which were distributed through a specific process and the data obtained from them were analyzed in two descriptive and inferential ways with   -28 and AMOS-24 software. The findings showed that the assumed model of this study has a good fit in the studied sample. In addition, studies showed that cognitive emotion regulation strategies are related to academic procrastination, and self-efficacy plays a significant mediating role (p<0.05) and academic self-regulation also has a significant relationship with procrastination through the mediation of self-efficacy (p<0.05). Based on the findings of this study, by strengthening students to correctly use cognitive emotion regulation strategies and academic self-regulation skills, and subsequently increasing self-efficacy, procrastination can be reduced in them.

   Adolescents, considering that they are the future builders of society and on the other hand, because they are at a sensitive age biologically, require more attention than ever. Considering the increase in non-suicidal self-injury behaviors among adolescents, which sometimes lead to serious physical injuries; studying and researching the causes of these behaviors, predictive factors, correlated factors, and treatment of these behaviors is of great importance. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and spontaneous thoughts with non-suicidal self-injury behaviors in adolescents in Kermanshah city through the mediation of emotion regulation. This study is quantitative and, given its purpose, is 0.035 and p < 0.05) and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (r = 0.048 and p < 0.05). In the variable of parenting style, the schemas (abandonment, failure, vulnerability, undeveloped self (trapped), emotional inhibition, strict criteria, deficiency/shame, negativity, dependency, distrust, and punishment) are directly related to difficulty in emotion regulation (r > 0 and p < 0.05). In the parenting style variable; schemas (emotional deprivation, obedience, sacrifice, entitlement, acceptance seeking and self-control) have an inverse relationship with difficulty in regulating emotions (r < 0 and p < 0.05). Also, schemas (schemas of abandonment, failure, vulnerability, undeveloped self (trapped), obedience, emotional inhibition, strict criteria, negativity, dependence, distrust and punishment) have a direct relationship with the variable of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (r > 0 and p < 0.05). And schemas (emotional deprivation, deficiency/shame, sacrifice, entitlement, acceptance seeking and self-control) have a direct relationship with the variable of non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (r < 0 and p < 0.05). However, the schemas of the parenting style variable do not have a correlation with the variable of negative self-destructive thoughts. Based on the findings of the present study, attention to emotion regulation skills and negative automatic thoughts, as well as considering parenting styles, can play an important role in reducing non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents. The conceptual model of the study had a good fit.

  uicide is one of the important factors of mental health, which has a high prevalence among students. Suicide is a multi-stage process that begins with suicidal thoughts, and the best stage to act and investigate is the stage of suicidal thoughts. Psychological factors play a decisive role in explaining suicide and suicidal thoughts, which have been the focus of researchers in the last few decades. This research sought to investigate the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion with suicidal thoughts. The method of this research was a descriptive correlational type. To collect data, Beck's suicidal ideation questionnaire, Reyes' self-compassion, Grass's emotion regulation, and Wells' metacognitive beliefs were used. The population of this research consisted of students studying in the first semester of 1402-1403 Razi University, who were selected by the available sampling method, 422 (211 men and 211 women) people, to test the proposed model, from the structural equations of the analysis method of the minimum values model with the mean and The standard deviation of the given weight was used with the help of Mplus software. The results of the fit indices indicated the fit of the proposed model. The path coefficients of the proposed model showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between self-compassion and suicidal thoughts, between emotion regulation and suicidal thoughts. Although there was no direct relationship between metacognitive beliefs and suicidal thoughts. However, metacognitive beliefs had a negative (positive) and significant relationship with suicidal thoughts through emotion regulation. Also, emotion regulation had a mediating role between self-compassion and suicidal thoughts. Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between metacognitive beliefs and emotion regulation, self-compassion and emotion regulation. The findings of the research showed the importance of metacognitive beliefs and self-compassion on suicidal thoughts with a mediating role of emotion regulation.

  With the aim of better understanding the prediction of suicidal thoughts among students of Ilam city, this research investigated the role of sense of coherence, documentary styles and cognitive regulation of emotion as a mediating factor. This study used the descriptive-correlation method with the structural equation model approach. The statistical population of this research was all the students of different universities in Ilam in the years 1402-1403. Among this society, 384 students were randomly selected by stratification. Data were collected using standard questionnaires, including Beck et al.'s suicidal ideation questionnaire (1979), Antonovsky's sense of coherence questionnaire (1993), Patterson et al.'s (1983) documentation style questionnaire, and Garnevsky and Kraij's cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (2006). Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient tests, confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis and structural equation model in    and AMOS software. The results showed that the structural model for predicting students' suicidal thoughts, based on the sense of coherence and attributional styles with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation, has a good fit. Specifically, the sense of coherence and attributional styles not only directly affect suicidal thoughts, but they can also affect these thoughts through the cognitive regulation of emotion. These findings indicate the importance of understanding and intervening in these factors to prevent suicidal thoughts among students. Key words: suicidal thoughts, attributional styles, sense of coherence, cognitive regulation of emotion

Aging is one of the most significant stages of human life, during which older adults face a wide range of changes, particularly in the realm of physical and psychological health. Given the anticipated increase in older population in Iran in the near future, understanding the status of this age group in various domains, including physical health and mental health, has become increasingly important, necessitating attention to this demographic. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and successful aging and death anxiety, with resilience as a mediator. This correlational study employed structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population included older individuals aged 60 and above residing in Kermanshah province in the year 2023-2024, from which 332 individuals (176 men and 156 women) were selected through convenience sampling. The sample members completed the Successful Aging Questionnaire by Zanjari, the Death Anxiety Scale by Templer, the Attachment Styles Questionnaire by Collins and Read, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The data obtained from the study were statistically analyzed using   -24 and AMOS-24 software. The results indicated that the proposed model of this study had a good fit with the sample under study. The findings showed that attachment styles are related to successful aging (P<0.05), and resilience plays a significant mediating role in this relationship (P<0.01). Additionally, the results showed that attachment styles are related to death anxiety (P<0.05), and resilience can mediate this relationship (P<0.01). Given the increasing importance of promoting successful aging in older adults communities, the findings emphasize the importance of the relationship between successful aging and death anxiety with resilience and attachment styles. Furthermore, the concept of successful aging, by addressing the concepts of physical health, mental health, social participation, adaptation to life changes, and overall quality of life, emphasizes promoting a comprehensive approach to well-being in older adults.

  پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي الگوي ساختاري تعارض زناشويي بر‌اساس سبك‌هاي دلبستگي و طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه با ميانجي‌گري شفقت خود در زوجين مراجعه‌كننده به مراكز مشاوره شهركرمانشاه انجام شد. طرح پژوهش حاضر همبستگي از نوع مدل‌سازي معادلات ساختاري مي‌باشد. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش شامل كليه زوج‌هايي بود كه در سال ???? به مراكز مشاوره شهر كرمانشاه مراجعه كردند كه از ميان آن‌ها 210 نفر به روش نمونه‌گيري هدفمند به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. آزمودني‌ها پرسشنامه‌‌هاي شفقت خود (SCS)، طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه (YSQ-SF)، سبك‌هاي دلبستگي كولينز و ريد (RAAS) و تعارض زناشويي (MICQ) را تكميل نمودند. سپس داده‌ها از طريق آزمون‌ آماري ضريب همبستگي پيرسون و مدل‌يابي معادلات ساختاري از طريق نرم افزارهاي   -26 و AMOS-24 مورد تجزيه و تحليل آماري قرار گرفتند. نتايج تحليل آماري نشان داد كه الگوي ساختاري تعارض زناشويي براساس سبك‌هاي دلبستگي و طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگاراوليه با ميانجي‌گري شفقت خود در زوجين مراجعه‌كننده به مراكز مشاوره از برازش مطلوبي برخوردار است. يافته‌ها مشخص كرد بين سبك‌هاي دلبستگي (ايمن و مضطرب/دوسوگرا) و طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه با شفقت خود، شفقت خود با تعارض زناشويي و همينطور بين سبك‌هاي دلبستگي(ايمن و مضطرب/دوسوگرا) و طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه با تعارض زناشويي به طور مستقيم و علاوه‌بر‌اين سبك‌هاي دلبستگي(ايمن و مضطرب/دوسوگرا) و همينطور طرحواره‌هاي ناسازگار اوليه از طريق شفقت خود با تعارض زناشويي به‌طور غير‌مستقيم رابطه دارند. بنابراين نتايج پژوهش حاضر جنبه‌هاي پنهان تعارض زناشويي را آشكار و درك بهتري از اين موضوع را براي روان‌درمانگران شاغل در اين حوزه ايجاد مي‌كند.

  Considering the effects of perceived discrimination on the mental and physical health of people, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between perceived discrimination and self-esteem and mental health in different ethnicities of Kermanshah. The present research method was a descriptive correlational type. The statistical population of this research included all young people aged 20 to 40 living in Kermanshah city in 2019, and 200 of them were selected as a research sample using available sampling method. Sample members responded to Coakley et al.'s Perceived Ethnic Discrimination, Eysenck's Self-Esteem, and Goldberg's General Health Questionnaires. Finally, the data obtained from the research were analyzed through   _21 software. The results showed that perceived ethnic discrimination is related to self-esteem and general health; Thus, the higher the perceived discrimination, the higher the probability of suffering from mental disorders and lower self-esteem

   Destruction of cultural heritage is the most important and fundamental example of vandalism that the country is facing today. This issue is also clear in Kermanshah province due to the abundance of ancient monuments. Although various factors have been listed for vandalism at the national and international level, which are rooted in sociological, economic and psychological issues, but this issue has not yet been investigated in relation to the cultural heritage of Kermanshah province from a psychological point of view. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between personality traits and the destruction of ancient monuments through the mediation of failure by visitors, focusing on the city of Kermanshah. Due to the fact that quantitative and qualitative data were used in this research, therefore, the current research is a hybrid type of research in terms of data type and the method of data collection and analysis. In the qualitative part (semi-structured interview), a list of vandals who have destroyed historical-cultural properties was collected from the trustee organizations (municipality and justice) of Kermanshah city through judgmental and purposeful sampling. Also, in the quantitative part (survey) of the demographic questionnaire including occupation, education, gender, indigenous-non-indigenous, income, age, and personality characteristics assessment questionnaire (NEO-FFI) by McCree and Costa (1985), Gilbert and Allen's (1998) feelings of failure questionnaire. ) and researcher-made vandalistic behavior questionnaire was used. The statistical population of the research also includes all the people living in the cultural-historical areas of Kermanshah. The total number of visitors is 311 thousand. Considering that the sample size is large and it is not possible to access all the people, therefore, the sample size was estimated to be 384 people based on Cochran's formula and at a significance level of 0.05. In the semi-structured interview section, there are 23 people under investigation. The data obtained from the interview were also analyzed by Max Kyuda software. Also, the data from the questionnaire was analyzed using the structural equation method, and Sobel's test was used to investigate the mediator role, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, and content validity was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire. The results of the interviews showed that in the vandalistic behavior that leads to the destruction of historical monuments, four factors of personality disintegration, communication with sabotaging friends, the way of spending free time and the type of behavior of people are influential. The research results showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between neuroticism, extroversion and failure. In contrast, there is a relationship between openness to experience, adaptability, and conscientiousness with failure. But the relationship is the opposite. Also, the research results showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between neuroticism and conscientiousness with the destruction of ancient monuments. On the other hand, there is a relationship between extroversion, openness to experience, and adaptation to the destruction of ancient monuments. But the relationship is the opposite. Also, the results of the research show that failure has an effect on the relationship between neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, adaptability and conscientiousness with the destruction of ancient monuments. Also, there is a positive and direct relationship between failure and destruction of ancient monuments. It is suggested that those involved in cultural heritage in Kermanshah should pay more attention to personality issues and recognize the needs of people who destroy historical monuments.

   چكيده اين پژوهش به بررسي چگونگي تكوين محله آناهيتا در شهر كرمانشاه مي‌پردازد. رويكرد نظري پژوهش مبتني بر آراء هانري لوفور در باب «توليد فضا» است. از نظريات و مفاهيم اين نظريه‎پرداز، جهت شرح روندهاي شكل‌گيري اين محله در قالب سه بُعد فضايي (بازنمايي فضايي، فضاي بازنمايي و عمل فضايي) و حق بر شهر سود جسته‌ايم. روش مورد استفاده اتنوگرافي است و تكنيك گردآوري داده‌ها شامل مشاهده، مصاحبه، تجربه زيسته و نقشه‌هاي ذهني است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش نشان‌دهنده آن است كه اين محله در سه مقطع و برهه زماني شكل گرفته است. ابتدا در سال 1357 ساخت آن شروع شد كه مبتني بر طرح جامع 1352 بود و با انقلاب 1357 ناتمام ماند. در سال 1359 با شروع جنگ عراق عليه ايران، اين شهرك به محل اسكان آوارگان جنگي زير نظر بنياد امور مهاجرين جنگ تحميلي تبديل شد. با پايان جنگ، اين محله به شهرداري واگذار گرديد كه با بي‌توجهي مديران شهري و ساخت‌وسازهاي بي‌ضابطه كه با شيوه‌هاي مختلف (تصرف عدواني، تصرف خزنده) صورت مي‌گرفت، تبديل به يك سكونتگاه غيررسمي و حاشيه‌اي شد. بر اين اساس آنچه در روند تكوين اين شهرك با توجه به آراي هانري لوفور اهميت دارد، بُعد دوم يعني فضاي بازنمايي است و گواه اين امر كه محله آناهيتا در غياب مديران و برنامه‌ريزان شهري به صورت خودجوش و از درون زندگي روزمره تكوين يافته است. كليدواژه‌ها:   آناهيتا، جنگ، مهاجرين، قصرشيرين، فضاي بازنمايي.

  The main factors in accidents include three factors: human, vehicle and road. In all accidents, there is error and disorder in one of the three mentioned factors. Human factors play a very important role in accidents and are the most important factors in accidents. Personality traits can affect risky driving behavior and people's perception of health and risk. The current research is correlational with regard to the purpose, application and method of execution, with the general goal of investigating and explaining the predictive role of neurotic personality traits. , excitement seeking and self-esteem were conducted with the mediation of emotion regulation in risky driving behavior in drivers of passenger vehicles in Kermanshah city. The statistical population of the present study included all the drivers of passenger vehicles in the city of Kermanshah, using Cochran's formula, 384 drivers were selected as the sample of the study using the available sampling method, and using Zuckerman's sensation seeking questionnaires (1978), Rosenberg's self-esteem scale (1965), Neo's 5 personality factor test, Manchester driving behavior questionnaire (1990) and Gross emotion regulation questionnaire were measured, and the relationships between research variables were also measured using the structural equation model test and    and amos software. was investigated and the following results were obtained: there is a positive and significant relationship between excitement seeking and risky driving behaviors, there is a positive and significant relationship between neuroticism and risky driving behaviors, there is a significant relationship between self-esteem and risky driving behaviors It doesn't exist, and the emotion regulation component had a significant mediating role between the variables. In general, people with higher neuroticism and excitement showed more risky driving behaviors, but the self-esteem component did not have much effect on risky driving behaviors in people.

   در سده دوازده­خورشيدي، شهر كرمانشاه از شهرهاي مهم سرحدات عثماني و ايران بود. اين شهر به عامليت تجار، ديوان­سالاران و روحانيون، به يك شهر مهم تجاري در غرب ايران بدل شد. از آن زمان تا واخر سده چهارده خورشيدي، كرمانشاه اوج و فرودهاي گسترده­اي را از سر گذراند. اگرچه زمينه كلي معيشت استان (ايالت سابق) متكي به كشاورزي بود ولي شهر ماهيتي غالبا تجاري بروكراتيك داشت و دارد. كالبد شهر از گذار از شيوه توليد پيشاسرمايه تا دوران تثبيت­يافته­تر سرمايه­داري شكل يافت. در اين ميان، يكي از محلات كنوني شهر كرمانشاه، محله بيست و دو بهمن است كه ساخت آن از دهه چهل خورشيدي سده چهاردهم آغاز شد و امروزه به يكي از مراكز تمركز سرمايه بدل شده­است. از اين منظر مسئله پژوهش حاضر با عنوان "تاريخ زمين   در كرمانشاه (از دوران قاجار تا جمهوري­اسلامي)"، فهم چگونگي شكل­يابي شهر كرمانشاه با محوريت محله بيست و دو بهمن، در اين برهه است. براي فهم چگونگي اين تغييرات و زمينه­ اين شكل­يابي نياز است كه در پهنه­اي عميق­تر به مسئله پرداخت شود. مكتوب حاضر متكي به آراي ديويد هاروي است. هاروي بر اين باور است كه سرمايه براي باز توليدش بايد شهري شود و اين امر از رهگذر سه چرخه سرمايه امكان پذير مي­شود. روش پژوهش حاضر تاريخي است كه با اتكا به اسناد، گزارش­ها و سفرنامه­ها به تحليل و بررسي موضوع مود نظر پرداخته شده­است. علاوه بر آن جهت بررسي برخي ابعاد مسئله، با 76 نفر مصاحبه نيمه­ساختار يافته­ انجام شد. مشاهده توصيفي نيز از ديگر تكنيك­هاي مورد استفاده در اين پژوهش است. نتايج پژوهش حاكي از اين امر است كه شكل­يابي شهر از رهگذر خواست حكومت رخ داده­است. اعيان­سازي، جداگزيني لازمه بقاي سرمايه است و مسئله زمين در ادامه تضاد كار و سرمايه قابل فهم است. مادامي كه كار، در فرايند چپاول و بي ارزش شدن است، زمين در خدمت سرمايه و قوام­بخش آن است و توسعه افسانه­ايست كه كاركرد اصليش تعميق مناسبات سرمايه و افزايش ضريب استثمار است و سلب مالكيت از نيروكار را تا سرحد امكان پيش­ مي­برد و خانه­ به دوشي در پرت افتاده­ترين نقاط از سرمايه، وضعيت معمول و مطلوب نيروي كار مي­شود و اين­ها در بستر تاريخي رخ مي­دهد كه در آن، از زمان زايش دولت مدرن در ايران، دولت و سرمايه اين­همان بوده­اند. كليد واژگان: كرمانشاه، زمين، پيشاسرمايه­داري، سرمايه­داري، كار.   

چكيده: توجه به ظاهر و متناسب بودن در هر دوره­اي وجود دارد اما گاهي اين توجه به صورت افراطي و حساسيت شديد ظهور پيدا مي­كند كه ديگر طبيعي نبوده و تبديل به اختلال بدريخت انگاري بدن شده و همين امر عملكرد فردي و اجتماعي فرد را تحت­تأثير قرار مي­دهد.اين پژوهش با هدف بررسي نقش ميانجي سوگيري توجه در رابطه بين تنظيم هيجان و افكار خودآيند منفي با نشانه هاي بدريخت انگاري در مراجعه كنندگان به مراكز زيبايي انجام شد.   با استفاده   از روش نمونه گيري در دسترس و با توجه به زير مقياس هاي متغير هاي پژوهش ( به استثناي بدريخت انگاري بدني) تعداد 180 نفر در نظر گرفته شد. براي گردآوري داده ها از پرسشنامه هاي اختلال بدريخت انگاري ربيعي و همكاران (1390) ، تنظيم هيجاني گرتز و روئمر (2004)، افكار خودآيند كندال و هالون (1980)، سوگيري توجه وودي چامبلس و گلاس (1997) استفاده گرديد. براي آزمون فرضيه هاي پژوهش از مدل معادلات ساختاري در فضاي نرم افزاري PLS استفاده شد. يافته ها حاكي از آن بود كه بين تنظيم هيجان با نشانه هاي اختلال بدريخت انگاري بدني رابطه منفي و معناداري (220/0-)وجود داشته است. بين افكار خودآيند منفي با نشانه هاي اختلال بدريخت انگاري بدني رابطه مثبت و معناداري (209/0)   وجود داشته است. بين سوگيري توجه و نشانه هاي اختلال بدريخت انگاري بدني با توجه به اينكه T-VALUE(233/0)مي باشد مسير تاييد نگرديد و رابطه­ي معناداري وجود نداشت.   همچنين تنظيم هيجان با ميانجي‌گري سوگيري توجه با نشانه هاي اختلال بدريخت انگاري بدني رابطه نداشته و در نهايت اينكه افكار خودآيند منفي با ميانجي‌گري سوگيري توجه با نشانه هاي اختلال بدريخت انگاري بدني رابطه ندارد. كليدواژه: بدريخت انگاري بدني، افكار خود آيند منفي، سوگيري توجه ، تنظيم هيجان.   

Today, with the increase in the number of divorces and remarriages, the issue of stepchildren and paying attention to psychological structures in upbringing, education and mental health issues of them and other family members is one of the important issues in psychological societies, especially in developed or developing countries. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between resilience and sexual knowledge with marital intimacy in couples with stepchildren. In terms of its practical purpose, this research is descriptive-survey in nature and causal-correlation in its implementation. The statistical population of this research includes all couples with stepchildren in Kermanshah city. In the present study, the sample members were selected from the main population using available sampling method. Among the sample members, 200 parents (100 female parents and 100 male parents) were selected based on the entry criteria. The method of selection and access to the sample members was through finding information on families that have stepchildren through schools (with the help of the school principal and counselor ), through counseling and psychology centers (through the cooperation of the director of the centers and the cooperation of the clients) and also through the acquaintance of the researcher through family and friends. To collect data from the Marital Intimacy Questionnaires of Walker and Thompson (1983), Emotion regulation by Granfsky et al. (2001), resilience by Connor and Davidson (2003), sexual knowledge by Anne Hooper (1992) were used. The sample people examined due to the conditions of the corona disease online to the questionnaires designed in the Google website form. answered the questions. To check the normality and correlation between the research variables, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the Pearson correlation test were used, respectively. Also, the structural equation model was used to test the research hypotheses. To analyze the data, the IBM AMOS 24 software was used. The results showed that resilience and sexual knowledge They have a significant relationship directly with marital intimacy (p?0.05). Also, the results showed that cognitive emotion regulation has a significant relationship with marital intimacy in couples with stepchildren (p?0.05). Other results showed that cognitive emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between resilience and sexual knowledge with marital intimacy in couples with stepchildren (p?0.05). Based on this, it can be concluded that since troubled relationships and problems between couples affect children, paying attention to the intimacy of couples and teaching structures such as resilience, sexual knowledge, and helping to regulate emotions in couples can help create intimacy between couples. Be influential with the stepchild.   

  ummary Purpose: The purpose of the present study was the role of self-differentiation, academic optimism and emotional intelligence in predicting cognitive flexibility with the mediation of family emotional climate in second year high school students in Kermanshah. Research methodology: The current research method was correlational. The statistical population of this research included all the second year high school students of Kermanshah city in the academic year of 1401-1400 in the number of 370 people who were selected as available. In order to collect data from self-differentiation questionnaires (DSI-SH), academic optimism questionnaire (Schennen-Moran et al.; 2013), emotional intelligence scale of Shot et al. (1998), cognitive flexibility questionnaire of Dennis and Vander Waal (2010) (CFI) , Hillburn Family Emotional Atmosphere Questionnaire was used. The collected data were analyzed by    and AMOS software and using Pearson correlation statistical method and structural equation model. Findings: The findings showed that self-differentiation has an effect on cognitive flexibility at the level of (P<0.01); Academic optimism has an effect on cognitive flexibility at the level of (P<0.01); Academic optimism is able to predict cognitive flexibility in students through the mediation of family emotional atmosphere; Emotional intelligence has an effect on cognitive flexibility at the level of (P<0.01); Emotional intelligence is able to predict cognitive flexibility in students through the mediation of the emotional atmosphere of the family. Conclusion: Considering that adapting to school is one of the dimensions of health and needs more attention, it is suggested to provide specialized programs in the field of self-differentiation, emotional intelligence and academic optimism and the emotional atmosphere of the family in school programs. The research work on these variables subsequently improves the cognitive flexibility of students. Keywords: self-differentiation, academic optimism, emotional intelligence, cognitive flexibility, emotional atmosphere of the family, students

  This research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between parenting styles and depression symptoms with the mediator of psychological inflexibility in adolescents. The research method was correlational. A sample of 308 teenagers from Kermanshah schools was selected by cluster random method. The tools used were Coax depression questionnaires, Bamrind parenting methods, and avoidance and fusion. Data analysis was done with    version 27 and Amos version 24 software. The findings showed that the relationship between parenting styles and depression symptoms was significant, which was negative for the relationship between authoritarian style and depression symptoms, but positive for the relationship between authoritarian and permissive styles and depression symptoms, it also showed the relationship between authoritarian styles and Permissiveness was positive and significant with psychological inflexibility, but the relationship between authoritarian style and psychological inflexibility was not significant, also the relationship between psychological inflexibility and depressive symptoms was positive and significant, the indirect effect of authoritarian parenting style and permissive style on adolescent depression symptoms through significant psychological inflexibility but the authoritative style was only directly effective on the symptoms of depression, thus it can be said that this study shows the importance of positive parents and creating psychological flexibility in adolescents to prevent the risk of depression.

  that threatens the health and well-being of the individual and society and its prevalence among adolescents is common as one of the vulnerable groups. Behaviors that negatively affect adolescents' general growth and well-being, or prevent them from succeeding, as well as their future growth, are called high risky behaviors. Most studies confirm that environmental and family factors are associated with high-risk behaviors, but the aspect that seems to be less considered is personality and internal factors, so the aim of this study was to predict adolescents' high-risk behaviors based on Alexitymia and The Three Dark Traits of Personality mediated by Perceived Strees. For this purpose, a sample of 352 male and female high school students in Bukan city was selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Students replied to scales of Alexitymia,   The Three Dark Traits of Personality, Perceived Strees , and adolescent high-risk behaviors. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there are positive and significant relationships between The Alexitymia and high-risk behaviors, Three Dark Traits and high-risk behaviors. Perceived stress also has a significant effect on adolescents' high-risk behaviors. The mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between The Alexitymia and dark personality traits with high-risk behaviors was also confirmed; so Alexitymia and The Three Dark Traits of Personality predict more risky behaviors during perceived negative stre   Therefore, paying attention to these variables and trying to reduce the negative emotions affected by them can be effective in preventing and reducing high-risk behaviors. Keywords: High Risk Behaviors, The Alexitymia, The Three Dark Personality Traits, Perceived Stress, Adolescents

one group of women heads of households are women whose husbands are in prison for various reasons and for law enforcement purposes. This group of women is structurally and functionally different from other families and in the absence of their husbands as heads of households. They are facing many problems.One of the goals of positive psychology, which indicates the use of human potential to grow in a positive way, is psychological well-being. The research design was descriptive of the type of correlation and the study population included all women with prisoners's wives in Paveh in 1399.According to the size of the population, the whole population (100 people) was selected by full sampling method. . Multivariate linear regression using stepwise method and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Findings from the study showed that the subscales of the importance of commitment to marriage (moral) and perception of individual competence are able to predict the psychological well-being of women prisoners and with the help of 16.7% of the dependent variable, ie psychological well-being ( p <0.05)Also, none of Pearson correlation coefficients between perceived social support components and psychological well-being were significant.

Academic engagement as an important determinant in order to create success and infrastructure and academic achievement is an emotional-cognitive state of stability that consists of three components of empowerment, commitment and absorption in learning and education. And cognitive abilities in students. The research method is descriptive-correlational type whose statistical population included high school students in the city of Hamadan in the academic year ???? - ????. Number of ??? people by sample method Cluster sampling was selected as a statistical sample and they completed the academic engagement questionnaires (smart ????), epistemological beliefs (Schumer ????) and cognitive abilities (rescue ????) to analyze the data. Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between epistemological beliefs and cognitive abilities and the share of epistemological beliefs and cognitive abilities in predicting the same academic engagement. Findings Showed that if students benefit from more epistemological beliefs and cognitive abilities, more academic engagement According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that in the list of academic engagement, as a result of promoting students 'academic achievement, it can be concluded that in terms of academic engagement and as a result of promoting students' academic achievement, cognitive beliefs and cognitive abilities can be identified. Contract. Keywords: Academic Involvement, Epistemological Beliefs, Cognitive Abilities, Students. .

This study aimed to determine the mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between religious commitment and academic expectations stress with students' academic dishonesty. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all 1147 high school students in Ravansar in the academic year 2020-2021. Among them, 315 people were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Data were collected using Worthington et al.'s (2003) Religious Commitment Questionnaire, Ang & Huan's (2006) Academic Stress Questionnaire, Mccabe & Trevino's (1996) academic dishonesty Questionnaire, and Jing and Morgan's (1999) Academic Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using Smart PLS software. The results showed that the model has a good fit with the research data. Academic self-efficacy as a mediating variable was positively related to Intrapersonal religious commitment and negatively related to academic stress and academic dishonesty. No relationship was found between interpersonal religious commitment and academic self-efficacy. The relationship between both components of religious commitment and academic dishonesty was negative and the relationship between parent-teacher academic expectations and academic dishonesty was positive. No significant relationship was found between stress due to personal academic expectations and academic dishonesty. Finally, the mediating role of academic self-efficacy to religious commitment and academic dishonesty was relatively acknowledged. The mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between academic expectations stress and academic dishonesty was also confirmed. Based on this, it can be concluded that strengthening religious commitment and academic self-efficacy beliefs can lead to controlling academic dishonesty behaviors, and strengthening academic self-efficacy beliefs can also alleviate the stress of academic expectations.  

   شناخت متغيرهاي دخيل در ارتقا سلامت روان نوجوانان از موضوعات مهم در حوزه روانشناسي است. تعارض والدين و نوجوان يكي از مهم ترين مؤلفه هاي اين حوزه است كه مي تواند بر جنبه هاي مختلف زندگي نوجوانان تاثير گذار باشد. بنابراين مطالعه هر چه بيشتر اين دوره، به افزايش آ گاهي از اين سن و مقتضيات آن، افزايش سلامت روان و فهم عواملي كه باعث سازگاري مثبت نوجوانان مي شوند، كمك مي كند. يكي از اين عوامل تنظيم هيجان مي باشد و پژوهش ها حاكي از آن است نوجواناني كه تنظيم هيجان مؤثري دارند، به لحاظ اجتماعي مهارت هاي بهتري را نشان مي دهند. اما جنبه هايي كه تاكنون به نظر مي رسد در اين رابطه مور بررسي كامل قرار نگرفته است مكانيسم و ميانجي گري خودانتقادي و اجتناب از تجربه است. بنابراين پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسي نقش ميانجي گري خودانتقادي و اجتناب از تجربه در رابطه بين تعارض والدين و نوجوان با تنظيم هيجان در دانش آموزان دختر دوره دوم متوسطه شهر كرمانشاه انجام شد. روش پژوهش حاضر توصيفي، از نوع همبستگي و جامعه آماري شامل كليه دانش آموزان دختر مشغول به تحصيل در مدارس دوره دوم متوسطه شهر كرمانشاه در سال   تحصيلي 1400-1399 بود. بدين منظور نمونه اي به تعداد 200 نفر از دانش آموزان دختر دوره دوم متوسطه از ميان مدارس مختلف شهر كرمانشاه به روش نمونه گيري خوشه اي چند مرحله اي انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوري داده ها، مقياس تعارضات بين والدين و نوجوان اسدي يونسي و همكاران (1390)، مقياس دشواري تنظيم هيجان گرتز و رومر (2004)، مقياس اجتناب از تجربه بوند، هيز و باير، كارپنتر و همكاران (2007)، مقياس خودانتقادي تامپسون و زوراف (2004) مي باشد. براي آزمون داده هاي حاصل از مقياس هاي نام برده از نرم افزار IBM AMOSS24 استفاده شد. همچنين به منظور تحليل داده ها آزمون همبستگي و تحليل مسير براي آزمون فرضيات مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتايج نشان داد بين تعارض والدين و نوجوان با تنطيم هيجان با نقش ميانجي خودانتقادي در دانش آموزان رابطه وجود دارد. همچنين، بين تعارض والدين و نوجوان با تنطيم هيجان با نقش ميانجي اجتناب از تجربه در دانش آموزان رابطه وجود دارد. ساير نتايج نشان داد بين تعارض والدين و نوجوان با تنظيم هيجان با نقش ميانجي خود انتقادي و اجتناب از تجربه در دانش آموزان رابطه وجود دارد. مي توان نتيجه گرفت كه براي والدين و نوجوانان در بدو ورود به مقطع بالاتر، از طريق مدارس و رسانه ها با آگاهي دادن به والدين در صدد شناخت نيازهاي دوره نوجواني باشند تا در تنظيم هيجان و سازگاري و كاهش تعارض به نوجوانان كمك كنند و چالش ها را به فرصت تبديل كنند.

   Abstract: An important part of traffic issues, including urban accidents, are related to the human factor and his driving culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of driving culture and attitude on the number (amount) of driving violations among Internet taxi drivers. This research was conducted with a sociological approach and to answer the research questions, the theoretical literature related to social action and behavior, especially the theory of logical action and planned behavior has been used. The present study is a quantitative study and was conducted by survey method in the period of 2019-20. The data collection technique was a researcher-made questionnaire that was tested for validity and reliability. The statistical population included SNAP drivers (approximately 10,000 people) in Sanandaj city and according to Krejcie and Morgan table, 373 people were estimated as a sample and selected by simple random sampling. Someof the questionnaires were distributed face to face, and others were distributed and collected electronically on Google Form. Finally, the data of 366 questionnaires were processed and analyzed in    software version 25. To analyze the data Univariate statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, enter method multivariate regression analysis and path analysis were used. The results showed that a weaker driving culture is associated with more traffic violations among SNAP drivers and vice versa. Also, a more positive driving attitude was associated with fewer driving offenses, and vice versa. In addition, the average number of driving offenses was higher for younger, single, and older drivers who had been licensed for less than a year. According to multivariate analysis, the variables of marital status, social responsibility, participation and role modeling have a significant relationship with driving violations and explain 25.5% of its changes. Also, social responsibility has been one of the most important and strongest variables affecting traffic violations. Finally, solutions to reduce driving violations based on elements of driving culture are presented. Keywords: Driving Violations, Driving Culture and Attitude, SNAP Drivers, Sociological Approach, Sanandaj.

  High school students andtheir related issues are of interest in several ways. Depending on their age,these people face many psychological, social, educational and sometimes even labormarket problems. In such situations, they obviously need more attention thanothers. Tissue elements, satisfaction of psychological needs and positiveacademic parameters have significant effects on students 'educational statusand can improve students' academic status and future. Therefore, the presentstudy was conducted with the aim of predicting well-being, vitality andacademic hope based on school culture and >The results of data analysisconfirm a very good fit of the overall research model. Findings showed thatthere are positive and significant relationships between school culture,interactive classroom management style, non-interfering classroom managementstyle and basic needs with well-being, vitality and academic hope. And there isa negative and significant relationship between intervention management classmanagement style and well-being, academic vitality. And a significantrelationship between intervention class management style and academicexpectation was not confirmed. There is also a positive and significant relationshipbetween school culture and interactive classroom management style and anegative and significant relationship between intervening and non-interveningclassroom management style with satisfying basic needs. The role of mediatingbasic psychological needs in the relationship between school culture andinteractive classroom management style with well-being, vitality and academichope was also confirmed. According to the results, teachers should pay moreattention to promoting school culture and interactive classroom managementstyle to satisfy the basic psychological needs of students, which will includethe improvement of well-being, vitality and academic hope.

Abstract Psychological distress is associated with an increased risk of death from all causes. In addition, it is often included in diagnostic criteria for many mental illnesses as an indicator of dysfunction and severity of symptoms; therefore, it plays a major role in the identification of psychological disorders. This descriptive-correlational study aimed to predict psychological distress in university students based on their adverse childhood experiences and with regard to the mediating role of multidimensional perfectionism and meaning in life. The study population consisted of all undergraduate students of Razi University in the academic year of 2020-2021, among whom 258 individuals (162 female and 96 male students) were selected using multistage cluster randomized sampling. The data were collected using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS), Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), and Adverse Childhood Experience  (ACEs) Questionnaire. The data were analyzed in    25 and Amos 22. Based on the results, ACEs had significant positive relationships with psychological distress and its components. The structural equation modeling results confirmed the mediating role of variables of multidimensional perfectionism and meaning in life in the relationship between ACEs and psychological distress. Therefore, suitable training and therapeutic interventions can reduce psychological distress in university students with ACEs. Keywords: Adverse childhood experiences, psychological distress, multidimensional perfectionism, meaning in life

Specific learning disabilities in children is a developmental neurological disorder that affects the ability of the brain to perceive or process verbal or nonverbal information effectively through the interaction of hereditary and environmental factors. Students with special learning disabilities have problems such as problems with auditory and visual memory, impaired attention to impulse impulses, motor coordination of perception and visual and auditory discrimination, poor motivation, poor generalization and poor organization of working memory, distraction, weakness in Perception, information processing, visual motor coordination, learning style are restless and hyperactive. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of computer cognitive rehabilitation on improving distraction, visual perception and auditory perception of students with special learning disabilities. The research method was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population was all second grade elementary students (fourth, fifth and sixth) with special learning disabilities in Sahneh city in the academic year 1399-1400. A sample of 22 people was randomly selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The research instruments included the Toulouse-Pyron test, the Frostig visual perception test, and the Wopman auditory diagnosis test. Captain s Log Cognitive Rehabilitation Program was performed for 12 sessions of 30-45 minutes three times a week for the experimental group.    software version 23 was used for data analysis. The results of analysis of covariance showed that Captain s Log computer cognitive rehabilitation program improved distraction, visual perception and auditory perception in these children (p <0.001). The results of the present study showed that computer cognitive rehabilitation program can be used as a suitable method. Used to improve distraction, visual perception and auditory perception in children.                     

Abstract   Entering adolescence and passing through it and then reaching adolescence and fertility and flourishing ages are not experienced in the same way in all adolescents and sometimes occur with anomalies.   Violence and aggression is one of the issues and abnormalities that disrupt the process of growth and development, and violence and aggression in adolescents cause a person to not be able to pass the period of growth and preparation for the reproductive and productive ages.   The aim of this study was to investigate the individual and situational factors of violence and aggression in adolescents.   The research method was qualitative and the statistical population of the study included all 12-18 year old male and female high school students in Kermanshah who were referred to counseling and psychology centers in the city due to violence and aggression, was conducted in 2016-2017.   31 people were selected by purposive sampling method.   Research tools include: semi-structured interview, demographic information questionnaire in which data were collected and recorded and coded.   Data analysis was performed in two stages of open coding, axial coding.   Data analysis leads to discovery and >factor   Thus, the results showed that adolescents have significant problems in various aspects of their lives that require Address wE More attention: from mental health officials and professions Keywords: Violence, Aggression, Individual and Situational Factors of Adolescents   

The history of human civilization has been plagued by a series of crises caused by epidemics, wars and catastrophes, each of which has had a significant contribution to the change in the activities of human societies. The present study was written with the aim of analyzing the model of consumer behavior in crisis situations and providing an appropriate marketing solution (Case study: Corona virus crisis on small and medium enterprises), It has been written. For this purpose, five main steps were prepared to achieve the objectives of this study. In the first step, the effects and consequences of the outbreak of COVID-19 on consumer behavior in Iranian society were studied and identified, which resulted in the presentation of a four-part model at the beginning of the fifth chapter. In the third step of the research, which is a kind of entry into the quantitative phase and field study of the research, the collected data from the qualitative part were measured and tested to check their accuracy. Then, in the fourth step of the research, a model for predicting consumer behavior in crisis situations was prepared and adjusted. Finally, in the fifth step, in addition to presenting the research process model, solutions to get out of the current problem were suggested to businesses. The research methodology was a combination of two quantitative and qualitative approaches (mixed approach) and using nest logic; For this purpose, in the qualitative section, using the qualitative research interview method and systematic analysis of Strauss and Corbin, data were collected and collected. How to collect data in the qualitative part using judgmental sampling and snowball and based on a sample of 20 people consisting of experts and experts aware of the subject was done. Interviews (semi-structured) were then conducted to achieve theoretical saturation, and data analysis was performed through qualitative or interpretive content analysis. Then, in the quantitative part, the quantitative part was made by using a survey method and preparing a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The accuracy of the data was measured in the qualitative part. The statistical population of Kermanshah province and the sample size selected in the quantitative section were selected by Morgan et al. Table above 384. Quantitative data analysis was performed using    software. The findings of the qualitative sector indicate profound changes in consumer behavior, which were >  

The present study is the relationship between achievement motivation and IQ beliefs with academic motivation through academic emotions. The statistical population of this study was all female high school students in Ilam who were studying in the academic year 1399-1499. The sample size includes 300 people. Among the students who were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method, the assessment tools were Hermans Progress Motivation Questionnaire (1978), Pekran Academic Emotions Questionnaire (2005), Frederick Blumenfeid Academic Enthusiasm Questionnaire (2004), and Beliefs Questionnaire. Hoshy Abdolfattah and Yates (2006), the collected data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings showed that there are positive and significant causal relationships between incremental intelligence beliefs, achievement motivation, positive emotions and negative and significant causal relationships between innate beliefs of intelligence and negative emotions with academic motivation. Also, the mediating role of positive and negative emotions in The relationship between IQ beliefs and achievement motivation with academic motivation was confirmed.  

Abstract Recognizing the variables involved in promoting the mental health of female-headed households is one of the important issues in the field of developmental psychology. Quality of life is one of the most important needs in this area that can affect various aspects of the life of women heads of households. Research confirms that variables such as psychological capital, psychological toughness, and self-compassion are related to a person's quality of life. But the reasons for this co  iracy are not clear. However, the aspects that do not seem to have been studied in this regard are the mechanism and mediation of empowerment-psychological. Quality of life. For this purpose, a sample of 285 female-headed households that were covered by NGO centers in the west of Tehran were selected by simple random sampling. Female-headed households responded to the scales of quality of life, psychological capital, psychological tenacity, self-compassion, and psychological empowerment. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that psychological empowerment can play a mediating role between psychological capital and quality of life, positive dimensions of self-compassion and quality of life. But its mediating role between the variables of psychological toughness and quality of life and the negative dimensions of self-compassion and quality of life was not confirmed. Keywords: Female Heads of Household, Psychological Capital, Psychological Hardiness, Self-Compassion, Psychological Empowerment, Quality of Life  

  Depression is known as an abnormal state characterized by sad feelings, sadness, humiliation, futility, emptiness and despair. Executive functions have the task of self-control and action to achieve the goal, as well as helping the individual to build new behaviors and thoughts. Coping strategies are a set of actions that a person uses in times of stress to deal with problems. Clear memory refers to the conscious and deliberate recall of previous information and experiences and concepts. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between executive functions, coping strategies and overt memory with depression. To achieve this, 377 students of Ilam universities were selected by cluster sampling. Beck Depression Inventory (1988), Blinges & Moss Coping Strategy (1981), Stroop Color Test and Free Reminder test were used to measure the variables. Pearson correlation test and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the results. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between depression variables and coping strategies and overt memory. If no significant relationship was observed between depression and executive functions. The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that the emotion-centered coping component explains 0.18% of the changes related to depression.

Abstract: Purpose: Traffic accidents are a problem resulting from advances in technology and industrialization of societies And it causes a lot of physical, financial and emotional damage. Worldwide traffic accidents kill more than 1.3 million people annually.   It also injured more than 50 million people. Driving accidents are one of the most important public health challenges And in Iran, traffic accidents are much higher than in other countries, especially developed countries. Researchers see four factors as human, vehicle, road, and environment as major causes of the accident And the most effective factor in causing accidents is the human factor. Accordingly, efforts are needed to improve the safety of travel and to reduce traffic accidents by applying traffic safety. Experts in the field of psychology are interested in identifying the psychological factors affecting accidents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality traits (anxiety, stress, depression and aggression) on the number of crashes in truck drivers.   Research Methodology: The statistical population in this study is 3600 drivers in the Lorestan province cargo association. 347 samples were selected using Cochran formula and questionnaires were distributed by random sampling method. The research tool is a questionnaire consisting of four parts, the first part includes demographic questions, the second part of the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire, the third part of the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Questionnaire and the fourth part the Aggression Questionnaire. In this study, using multivariate regression to determine the predictive power of variables used in the study to predict the number of accidents, and Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations have also been used to confirm the research hypotheses and questions.   Findings and Conclusion: With increasing depression, anxiety, stress, anger and aggression, the number of risky driving behaviors increases. Regression results show that the independent variables of depression and anger have the highest ability to predict the dependent variable of number of accidents. Keyword: Traffic Safety, Traffic Accidents, Truck Drivers, Psychology, Structural Equations, Regression   

پژوهش حاضر به منظور تعيين روابط ساختاري رابطه سپاسگزاري   با اضطراب مرگ با نقش ميانجي‌گري حمايت اجتماعي و شادكامي در ميان سالمندان كهريزك استان تهران انجام شده است. براي اين منظور، 220   نفر از سالمندان آسايشگاه كهريزك به شيوه نمونه گيري تصادفي طبقه اي،از ميان سالمندان آسايشگاه كهريزك در سال 1396   انتخاب شدند. براي گردآوري داده ها از مقياس اضطراب مرگ تمپلر، پرسشنامه سپاسگزاري آدلر و فاگلي، حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده زيمن و همكاران، و شادكامي آكسفورد استفاده شده است. بعد از بررسي تحليل تأييدي مقياس ها، ارزيابي الگوي پيشنهادي از طريق الگويابي معادلات ساختاري مورد تجزيه وتحليل قرار گرفت. يافته هاي پژوهش نشان داد كه الگوي تدوين شده، از برازش و برازندگي مطلوبي برخوردار است؛ همچنين   متغيرهاي برونزاد، سپاسگزاري، حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده و شادكامي به طور معناداري اضطراب مرگ را پيش بيني كردند. اين متغيرها به طور منفي و معنادار پيش بين اضطراب مرگ هستند.همچنين روش تحليل ميانجي به روش بوت استرپ انجام گرفت كه نتايج تحليل گوياي آن بود كه متغير سپاسگزاري مي تواند از طريق افزايش حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده وشادكامي ميزان اضطراب مرگ را كاهش دهد .با توجه به يافته هاي   پژوهش ميتوان نتيجه گرفت كه اضطراب مرگ سالمندان متأثر از حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده   و ميزان شادكامي آنهاست. بنابراين به نظر مي رسد كه لازمه كاهش ميزان اضطراب مرگ سالمندان   توجه جدي به ميزان حمايت اجتماعي ادراك شده و شادكامي   آنان باشد.    

  هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسي تاثير توان بخشي شناختي رايانه يار بر بهبود كاركردهاي اجرايي( بازداري پاسخ، توجه، برنامه ريزي) كودكان واجد نشانه هاي نارسايي توجه- بيش فعالي بود. جامعه آماري اين پژوهش شامل كليه دانش آموزان واجد نشانه نارسايي توجه-بيش فعالي در مدارس دوره ابتدايي شهر شهرضا در سال تحصيلي 95-96 بود كه به صورت تصادفي30 نفر از آن ها به عنوان گروه نمونه انتخاب و به دو گروه آزمايش (15نفر) و گروه گواه ( 15 نفر) تقسيم شدند. اين پژوهش از نوع آزمايشي و در آن از طرح پيش آزمون و پس آزمون همراه با گروه كنترل استفاده شده است. در اين پژوهش براي تشخيص كودكان   مبني بر وجود اختلال نارسايي توجه-بيش فعالي از مقياسسوانسون، نولان و پلهام (SNAP-IV ( استفاده شد. هم چنين براي بررسي اثربخشي توان بخشي شناختي بر كاركردهاي اجرايي كودكان داراي نارسايي توجه –بيش فعالي از نسخه ي نرم افزاري آزمون عملكرد پيوسته و آزمون برج هاي لندن استفاده شد. تعداد جلسات اين پژوهش 10 و مدت زمان هرجلسه 1ساعت بود. براي تحليل داده هاي اين پژوهش از تحليل كورايانس و آزمون t وابسته استفاده شده است. نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد كه گروه آزمايشي در پس آزمون نسبت به گروه گواه داراي تفاوت معني داري با هم هستند. به طور كلي نتايج اين پژوهش نشان داد كه توان بخشي شناختي يارانه يار بر كاهش علايم كودكان   داراي نشانه هاي نارسايي توجه – بيش فعالي موثر است.كليد واژه : توانبخشي شناختي ،نارسايي توجه- بيش فعالي

    This study aimed to determine the role of emotional self-regulation, educational burnout and behavioral procrastination and decision-making in anticipation of school engagement in Javanrood   highschool students in2017. The research was descriptive, correlational type. The population consisted of all highschool students i   Javanrood,   By cluster random sampling a sample size of 306 persons were selected. For data collection, emotional self-regulation, educational burnout, behavioral procrastination and decision-making and school engagement questionnaires were used. For data analysis. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used. The results showed that there is positive relationshi   between emotional self-regulation and school engagement and the negative relationship between educational burnout, behavioral procrastination and decision-making and school engagement. Other results showed that emotional self-regulation, educational burnout and behavioral procrastination can predict school engagement. According to results it is expected that any efforts taken to improve emotional self-regulation, educational burnout and behavioral procrastination will further enhance school engagement of students.Keywords: emotional self-regulation, educational burnout, behavioral procrastination and decision-making, school engagement

  Specific learning disorder is one of the most common disorders of childhood. The characteristic of this disorder is a persistent problem with the learning of reading, writing, and mathematical skills. The results of the research show that children with special learning disabilities have more educational problems than cognitive problems such as memory impairment, attention, information processing, concentration, executive functions, distraction, etc. They can meet their parents expectations and thus become anxious, and to escape this anxiety, they use one of the cognitive avoidance strategies, including suppressed thinking, substitution thinking, and distraction.The aim of this study was the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation on reducing cognitive failure and cognitive avoidance of students in Students SLD.This study was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test. The population included all third grade to sixth female students with learning disabilities in the city of Kermanshah Of them, 28 patients were selected and divided into control and experimental groups. Research   Instruments included The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) of Broadbent, Cognitive avoidance Questionnaire (CAQ) of Sexton and Dugas, the Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (CLDQ) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for children- fourth edition. Captain Logs cognitive rehabilitation program at 12 session of 50- 60 minute twice a week for the study group was developed. Covariance analysis indicated that the effectiveness of computer-based cognitive rehabilitation caused reduction in childrens cognitive failure and cognitive avoidance (P<0/001).    software version 24 was used to analyze the data. Results of this study showed that computer-based cognitive rehabilitation can be used as a convenient way to help students with learning disorders to reduce their cognitive failure and cognitive avoidance  Keywords: computer-based cognitive rehabilitation, Specific Learning Disability, cognitive failure, cognitive avoidance,   

Sleep is one of the most important processes of circadian cycle that plays an important role in human health. Jobs that are engaged in shift work and disorders, are nursing, they try to use some strategies in order to improve their sleep. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between cognitive avoidance, thought control and emotion regulation strategies with sleep quality among nurses in Kermanshah.     The study population consisted of all nurses in Kermanshah   (900) people      table   300 nurses (male and female) were randomly selected. Petersburg sleep quality questionnaires (PSQL), cognitive avoidance (CAQ), thought control (TCQ) and emotion regulation (CERQ) were distributed; and the analysis was done by using Pearson correlation and multivariate regression.    The results showed that cognitive avoidance, thought control and emotion regulation strategies can predict sleep quality in nurses. Among the predictor variables, cognitive avoidance and thought control were the best predictors. Therefore, monitoring and evaluation of sleep quality and its association with cognitive avoidance and emotion regulation and thought control can have valuable guidelines to improve sleep quality of nurses. Keywords: cognitive avoidance, thought control strategies, emotion regulation, sleep quality, nurses  

E-Learning is a new tool for education purposes which helps to improve the education quality and learning based on new communication technologies. Considering the effect of matching the learning method with user’s capabilities and emotions, today E-Learning systems are designed to be intelligent. These systems identify the mentioned capabilities, and try to make the simulation of the virtual environment in E-Learning as close as possible to the real world and reach the education’s goal which is making the user learn new materials. In the education environment, lack of learning in the user side and as a result giving wrong answers to the assignments is a consequence of having issues in the education system or also can be caused by user’s emotional issues (e.g. stress). In the current research, an Intelligent Tutoring System (ITS) will be design and implemented which in order to figure out the reason of user’s mistake uses the “sample tracing” method. In this method the solution for each problem is divided into separate and serial phases in which the user’s results are being analyzed in each phase. Because using touch screen displays is more similar to learning tools like pen and paper comparing to mouse and keyboard, this system uses this kind of interface to interact, and discover mentioned properties and take proper reactions.

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disorder leading to cognitive, motor, and sensory impairment in the patients and causing several challenges to their physical and mental health. This study was done with the aim of determining the relationship between attributional styles, psychological capital, and illness acceptance with life satisfaction in Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The research population include all the patients with Multiple sclerosis (MS) in the city of Hamedan who were selected from 300 Multiple sclerosis (MS) Society members through convenience sampling. Research tools include attributional style questionnaire, psychological capital, (life expectancy, resiliency, self-efficacy, and life orientation), Bergen chronic diseases acceptance scale, and Diener life satisfaction questionnaire. Correlation Coefficient and stepwise regression analysis was used for analyzing the data.   The findings show that self-efficacy, life expectancy, negative attributional style and resiliency predict the life satisfaction. The results show that the components of attributional styles, psychological capital, and illness acceptance have a significant relationship with life satisfaction. It is concluded that increase in positive attributional style and decrease in negative attributional style would increase the level of life satisfaction. Also, increase in each of the components of psychological capital, and illness acceptance, would enhance the level of life satisfaction in Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, too.   Key words: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, attributional styles, psychological capital, illness acceptance, life satisfactio     

With increasing use of computers, electronic devices and human interaction with computer in the broad spectrum of human life, the role of emotion regulation and increasing positive emotional status shows more. On the other hand by increasing computer programs, graphical interface software play a major role in computer programs thanks to direct communication with users. Furthermore the studies have shown that the colors are one of the most influential basic functions in vision, identify, interpret, and understanding of their senses. It can be said, colors have impact on emotional status of individuals and can change emotional status. In this thesis, by learning the reactions of users with different personality types against each color, communication between the users emotional status and user personality were modeled with color for excitation control as variable. For   learning was used   a memory-based system and user’s interface color will change according to   the positive and negative experiences of users with different characters. For the evaluation and testing of a programming language   C ++   learning system, it has been done   in three different modes: (1) basic mode   without no color change, (2) by changing the color and AUBUE   method (3) by changing the color and memory-based learning method. I   each   method   were tested by 16 men and   8 women. In addition for the testing phase of third method, these tools was used by 30 individuals also for data analysis was used one-way ANOVA. The end result of comparison between testing methods demonstrated the superiority of memory-based learning in all three parameters means emotional control, enhancing positive emotional status and reducing negative emotional status. Moreover the accuracy of memory- based learning method was 70 % percent. Hence by learning of users experiences against each color and by considering their characters we can control users emotional status precisely enough.