Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract and remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The limitations of conventional therapies, including systemic toxicity and drug resistance, highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies. In the present study, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were developed as a drug delivery system for the bioflavonoid luteolin, and their anticancer effects were evaluated in human gastric cancer AGS cells. SLNs and luteolin-loaded SLNs were synthesized and characterized in terms of particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphology. In vitro drug release behavior was investigated under different pH conditions. The biological effects of the formulations were assessed using MTT assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, qualitative and quantitative apoptosis analysis, and cell cycle evaluation. The results demonstrated that luteolin-loaded SLNs exhibited appropriate nanoscale size, good stability, and a controlled, pH-dependent drug release profile. Blank SLNs showed no significant cytotoxicity, indicating good biocompatibility. Whilst, luteolin-loaded SLNs significantly reduced cell viability, induced controlled ROS generation, enhanced apoptosis, and disrupted cell cycle progression, particularly by inducing S-phase arrest, compared to free luteolin. Overall, these findings suggest that luteolin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles represent a promising and effective drug delivery system for improving gastric cancer therapy. Keywords: Gastric cancer, Luteolin, Solid lipid nanoparticles, Apoptosis, Cell cycle

 Abstract

  Oxidative stress indicates an imbalance between the production and

   Wheat plant is the most important agricultural and edible crop in the world, which is cultivated on a wider scale compared to other crops due to its high nutritional value, ease of cultivation, possibility of long-term storage and adaptability to different weather conditions. Meanwhile, the production of this strategic plant is threatened due to various climatic threats, lack of water and increase in the heat of the earth. Based on this, finding solutions to reduce the effect of water shortage as the most important obstacle in achieving wheat production goals is of great importance. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of silicon nanoparticles on increasing the resistance of wheat plants to drought stress. The sample of the research included the Sauers variety of wheat (as a variety used in dry and wet areas). This research was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with drought (irrigation regimes of 3, 6 and 9 days) and priming with nano silicon at levels (zero, 400 and 800 mg/liter) in three replications. The primed seeds were affected by different irrigation regimes after germination and reaching the 6-leaf stage. After 36 days, the samples were taken and some growth, physiological and nutritional parameters were measured in the samples. The results of this research showed that the highest proline in the stem is in the treatment of 800 ppm nano silicon and 3 days of irrigation. Regarding the fresh weight of the stem, the highest amount is related to the 9-day irrigation period and 0 ppm concentration of nanosilicon. The highest amount of chlorophyll a is related to the 400 ppm nanosilicon treatment and the 9-day irrigation period, as well as the 3-day irrigation period and 400 ppm nanosilicon concentration.

   Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women, which can arise due to various factors including hormonal, genetic, and environmental changes. In this cancer, disruptions in signaling pathways or deficiencies in DNA repair pathways can lead to tumor growth and progression. Understanding the molecular biology of breast cancer assists in diagnosis, personalized treatment, and development of therapeutic strategies. One of the characteristics of most solid tumors is hypoxia. In general, cells respond to hypoxic conditions with different cellular and molecular reactions, which help to regulate metabolism, energy production and cells under hypoxic conditions. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play crucial roles in biological mechanisms such as apoptosis, cellular differentiation, proliferation, and responses to stressors including hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions, certain miRNAs can function as either repressors or activators of gene expression. In laboratory studies. cobalt chloride (CoCl2) is used to induce hypoxic conditions in cells. we investigated the effect of hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride (II) on the expression of ANO9, SIRT1, and PLK4 genes as well as their target miRNAs in MCF7 breast cancer cells. Initially, using various bioinformatics tools such as TargetScan, miRDB, and miRBase, target miRNAs for the receptor genes of interest were evaluated based on scoring, binding site suitability, and overlap with other software. Ultimately, hsa-miR-6789-3p, hsa-miR-154-3p, and hsa-miR-3065-5p were selected as the target miRNAs for the ANO9, SIRT1, and PLK4 genes, respectively. Additionally, the MCF7 breast cancer cell line was cultured under appropriate conditions, after which treated with cobalt chloride (II) at concentrations of 75, 150 and 200 µM. After RNA and miRNA extraction, cDNA was synthesized from the samples. Finally, Real-time PCR was used to examine changes in the expression of the genes and their target miRNAs. Subsequently, the results were analyzed using the Livak method and GraphPad Prism software. The findings revealed that the expression of the ANO9 gene significantly increased at all three concentrations, with the most pronounced increase observed at 150 µM cobalt chloride (II) compared to 75 and 200 µM concentrations. Conversely, the expression of hsa-miR-6789-3p, the target miRNA for the ANO9 gene, decreased with increasing concentrations of cobalt chloride (II). Analysis of SIRT1 gene expression showed a significant initial increase with cobalt chloride (II) concentrations rising from 75 to 150 µM, followed by a relative decrease at 150 µM and a significant reduction at 200 micromolar. In contrast, the expression of hsa-miR-154-3p revealed a significant increase at both 150 and 200 µM concentrations. Additionally, hsa-miR-3065-5p decreased with increasing concentrations of cobalt chloride (II). Notably, the expression of the PLK4 gene, the target gene for hsa-miR-3065-5p, was excluded due to a lack of specificity in binding and suboptimal results.   

   Cancer cells consume large amounts of glucose due to their excessive proliferation. Tumors have a high rate of glycolytic pathway which leads to an increase in lactate concentration. The tumor microenvironment contains two types of cancer cells: glycolytic and oxidative cells. Glycolytic cells produce lactate, which is taken up by oxidative cells and converted into pyruvate for use in the Krebs cycle. This forms a metabolic symbiosis between the two cell types. The family of monocarboxylate tra  orters (MCTs) consists of 14 members, with MCT1-4 being proton-coupled tra  orters that can tra  ort short-chain monocarboxylates like lactate and pyruvate across the cell membrane. Cancer cells have high levels of MCT1 and MCT4 expression. MCT1 facilitates lactate influx into oxidative cells, whereas MCT4 is predominantly found in glycolytic cells. Overexpression of these tra  orters has been associated with various malignancies, such as breast, stomach, lymphoma, brain, lung, skin, and soft tissue cancers, making them attractive targets for anticancer drug discovery. By inhibiting MCT1, it is possible to stop oxidative cells from consuming lactate, which will then force them to take up glucose. This process will reduce glucose availability to glycolytic cells and eventually lead to cell death. For this research, we used structure-based virtual screening techniques to discover small chemical compounds capable of inhibiting monocarboxylate tra  orter 1. The atomic coordinates of the protein in the open-inward conformation were obtained from the protein database with the code 7CKO. We utilized a library of chemical compounds which included 12 million molecules that are available for purchase from the ZINC database. Additionally, we included 4683 drugs that have been approved by the FDA. Following library preparation, we utilized a consensus approach by performing molecular docking with AutoDock Vina, Molegro Virtual Docker, and DOCK programs. The ligands possessing high binding energy were subjected to further analysis to determine their interaction with the crucial residues in the protein's binding site. Compounds that showed promising results were subjected to molecular dynamics analysis, including RMSD, RMSF calculations, and analysis of ligand-protein interactions. Based on the findings, it was discovered that enacidnib, an oral medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia, can create strong binding with important residues such as Tyr 34, Lys 38, and Ser 154 found in the lactate binding site. As a result, it has the potential to effectively inhibit the targeted protein.

  Qasr Shirin city, due to its hot and dry weather conditions, has its own ecological situation, it is under the influence of three regions of plant geography of Iran - Turan, Sahara-Arabian and Mediterranean. According to the above point, specific taxa have adapted to these conditions in this area. Also, the winds that enter this region from the direction of Iraq affect the atmosphere of this region. The purpose of this investigation was to study allergenic pollens and particles floating in the air. In the above area, the pollens in the air were checked by the Durham method, and the greatest variety of pollens was related to the plants of the families of Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae as well as the pollens of cultivated and decorative plants such as pine. They had a scattered area. In addition, particles of biological origin, including light pieces of various plant parts, such as hairs and pieces of skin tissue, leaves and flowers, seeds and small winged fruits, and pieces or spores of mushrooms. , bacteria and viruses were observed on the surface of the slide. 50 samples of the important plants of the region were collected and then transferred to the herbarium of Razi University and identified, and the " Acetolysis - Erdtman" method was used to examine the pollen with the help of a light microscope (LM). These studies included the size of the polar and equatorial axis, shape, valve condition and surface decorations of the pollen grains and showed that the studied pollen grains were small, medium, large and very large in terms of size, for example, the largest seed Pollen is a type of Scabiosa sp. from the family of Dipsacaceae and the smallest is related to some Boraginaceae plants. These pollens, in terms of apertures (colpus and pore), included: Monoporate, Triporate, Pantoporate, Pantoporate, Colpate, Colporate (Zonocolpate and Pantocolpate). Also, in terms of surface decorations, using an optical microscope, in the form of: Striate, Striate- Granulate, Microechinate, Microechinate-Perforate, Macroechinate, Macroechinate-Perforate, Psilate, Psilate-Vrrucate and Rticulate were observed. Key words: Atmosphere, allergenic pollens, acetolysis method, Dorham method, Kermanshah

   In the tumor microenvironment, differences in cancer cells' access to nutrients and oxygen modify cellular metabolism. Hypoxic cancer cells turn to glycolytic metabolism to survive and proliferate, producing large amounts of lactate that must be tra  orted out of the cell. During a metabolic symbiosis, oxidative cancer cells import the excess lactate and use it as a preferred fuel instead of glucose. Lactate tra  ort is facilitated by monocarboxylate membrane tra  orters (MCTs) belonging to the solute carrier gene family-16, which is a proton-dependent process and plays a role in intracellular pH regulation. The export of lactate from the cell is mainly facilitated by MCT4, while MCT1 mediates its intracellular uptake. Overexpression of these tra  orters has been shown to be associated with a variety of malignancies, including breast, gastric, lymphoma, brain, lung, skin, and soft tissue cancers, and targeting them could be a potential treatment for some types of cancer. In this study, we used various virtual screening techniques including pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation to identify effective and potential drug candidates against human MCT1. The atomic coordinates of the protein in outward-open conformation were downloaded from the protein data bank with the code 6LYY, and a library of chemical compounds including 12 million molecules purchasable from the ZINC database and 4683 FDA-approved drugs was created. After performing the preparation steps, molecular docking calculations were performed based on a consensus approach using AutoDock Vina, Molegro, and DOCK programs. Ligands with high binding energy were analyzed in successive steps, and their interaction with key residues of the protein active site was investigated. Finally, seven ligands that showed promising results were selected for the molecular dynamics simulation study. For each protein-ligand complex in the membrane bilayer, calculations of protein backbone RMSD, ligand RMSD, RMSF, and interaction analyses were performed. The results showed that Olmesartan, an angiotensin II receptor inhibitor, can have an inhibitory effect on human MCT1 with a strong and stable binding and pave the way to inhibit this tra  orter. Since this study is based solely on computational tools, further evaluation in experimental conditions is necessary to confirm its effectiveness.

Abstract In this study, from families, Agamidae، Lacertidae، Scincidae، Geckonidae, species of Laudakia nupta،Lacerta media، Hermites auratua، Cyrtopodion scabrum، were selected to study the morphology and histology of the skin and its appendages. Samples were prepared of the Razi university Zoology Museum. The specimens were then dissected and sections of skin tissue were removed on the dorsal and ventral surfaces, and their femoral glands and preanal glands were removed, and after performing the tissue passage steps, the prepared slides were stained, and studied under a light microscope, findings from microscopic observations of the skin structure of the studied species showed that all species from the surface to the depth have a horny layer (keratinocyte layer), epidermis layer, dermis layer and hypodermis layer that the thickness of the epidermis layer in Laudakia nupta is more than Lacerta media، Cyrtopodion scabrum و Hermites aurata, but the dermis layer in C. scabrum is more developed and has more fat cells, the hypodermic layer develops in the femoral pores of L. media and the preanal glands and dorsal surface of C. scabrum and is rich in fat cells, on the dorsal surface of H. auratua, unlike the other three species, the melanin pigment is located in the hypodermis, and on the abdominal surface, in the hypodermic layer , there are cartilaginous plates, muscle tissue and skeletal tissue, generally, it can be concluded that the thickness of different layers of skin is related to the living environment of lizards, thus, having a thick epidermis (L. nupta) can be related to hard and dry living environment and having a thin epidermis and thick dermis (L. media and H. auratua) can be related to a mild and mountainous environment, the large number of fat cells (C. scabrum) in some species is a factor in isolating the body as well as protecting the body in the event of an impact. In this study, from families, Agamidae، Lacertidae، Scincidae، Geckonidae, species of Laudakia nupta،Lacerta media، Hermites auratua، Cyrtopodion scabrum، were selected to study the morphology and histology of the skin and its appendages. Samples were prepared of the Museum of Zoology the Razi university. The specimens were then dissected and sections of skin tissue were removed on the dorsal and ventral surfaces, and their femoral glands and preanal glands were removed, and after performing the tissue passage steps, the prepared slides were stained, and studied under a light microscope, findings from microscopic observations of the skin structure of the studied species showed that all species from the surface to the depth have a horny layer (keratinocyte layer), epidermis layer, dermis layer and hypodermis layer that the thickness of the epidermis layer in Laudakia nupta is more than Lacerta media، Cyrtopodion scabrum و Hermites aurata, but the dermis layer in C. scabrum is more developed and has more fat cells, the hypodermic layer develops in the femoral pores of L. media and the preanal glands and dorsal surface of C. scabrum and is rich in fat cells, on the dorsal surface of H. auratua, unlike the other three species, the melanin pigment is located in the hypodermis, and on the abdominal surface, in the hypodermic layer , there are cartilaginous plates, muscle tissue and skeletal tissue, generally, it can be concluded that the thickness of different layers of skin is related to the living environment of lizards, thus, having a thick epidermis (L. nupta) can be related to hard and dry living environment and having a thin epidermis and thick dermis (L. media and H. auratua

Cyrtopodion scabrum Heyden 1827 is a lizard that is widely distributed in southwestern Asia and northern Africa. In Iran, this species is abundant in most parts of the country and is commonly known as a domestic lizard. In this study, 58 specimens of Keeled Rock Gecko were collected by hand from June 2016 to September 2017 from different stations in Iran. After photographing, the samples were fixed in 75% alcohol and identified using valid sources. 10 morphometric and meristic traits were measured from all samples. The sex of adult specimens was determined by observing the anterior pores in males and its absence in females. Independent T-test analysis was used to evaluate sexual dysfunction and PCA principal component analysis was used to examine the differences between different populations. All analyzes were performed in    v.16 software. On the other hand, skulls of C. scabrum and C. caspium were compared. The results show that according to descriptive statistics, most males are larger than females in most traits, and independent T-test analysis shows that the tail length trait is significantly larger in males than females. Populations are completely homogeneous. In terms of skull comparison, the skull length of C. caspium is larger than C. scabrum. Key words: Reptiles, Gekkonidae, Sexual dimorphism and Skull.

  Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid, which participates in many metabolic pathways, such as nitric oxide, creatine and urea synthesis. The availability of arginine is determined by a series of plasma membrane carries called cationic amino acid tra  orters (CATs), which are overexpressed in many types of cancers including Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is one of the most common cancers in adults and children; therefore, these tra  orters have been considered as a putative target in therapeutic and medicinal goals. In the present research, the mechanism of L-arginine tra  ort through CAT1 and hotspot amino acids in the tra  ortation was investigated using molecular dynamic simulation techniques. For this purpose, prokaryotic CAT1 (p-CAT) with PDB ID 6F34 was received from Protein Data Bank (PDB). Since eukaryotic CAT1 (e-CAT) has not yet solved, the e-CAT structure was modeled using MODELLER 9.20 based on p-CAT as template. After that, because the CAT proteins are membrane tra  orters, the proteins were inserted in the suitable membranes using CHARMM-GUI server. Then, molecular dynamics simulation was performed for 300 nanosecond (ns) for each system. In the next stage, L-arginine (L-Arg) was docked against both the equilibrated system using AutoDock VINA, and molecular dynamics simulation was run for 600 ns for each system. In order to calculate total free binding energy of L-Arg, MM-  A approach was carried out on both p-CAT and e-CAT trajectories. To determine the contribution of each amino acid residue to the binding energy, the per-residue energy analysis was performed. In the p-CAT/Arg complex, Ile40, Thr43, Asp111, Glu115, Lys191, Phe230, Ile234 and Asp237 had the greatest contribution toward the binding to L-Arg and were formed stable hydrogen bonds with it. The residues Ser44, Glu185, Asp270, Cys271, Ser350, Ser354 and Arg360 were found to be the highest contributing residues that interact with L-Arg in e-CAT/Arg complex. In order to evaluate the tra  ortation processes through CAT tra  orters and also to study more precisely the role of hot spot amino acids during tra  ort, the umbrella sampling method was employed. Hydrogen bond analyses revealed that in p-CAT, the residues Asp237, Glu115, Ser321, Glu245, Lys19 are the most involving residues in interaction with L-Arg during tra  ortation. In e-CAT, the residues Asp270, Glu185, Ser22, Asp20 and Arg27 are the most involving residues in interaction with L-Arg during tra  ortation. To investigate the effects of membrane lipids on the structures of p-CAT and e-CAT, membrane analyzes such as lipid-protein interaction, MSD, SCD, density and membrane thickness were performed for both systems. The results showed that protein loops had reduced flexibility due to interaction with lipids. Further, in eukaryotic membrane, due to the ordering effect of cholestrol, the SCD value and membrane thickness are higher than prokaryotic membrane.Key words: L-Arginine, CAT1 protein, molecular dynamics simulation, umbrella sampling

   Abstract Introduction: The accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes in the epithelial cells of the intestinal wall converts them into malignant adenocarcinoma cells. In colorectal cancer, epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation in CpG islands occur to a large extent. Epigenetic studies on a number of genes have shown that methylation of the promoter region of the gene in colorectal cancer causes the expression of these genes to be silenced. Colorectal and healthy subjects are discussed..   Materials and Methods: In this study, we measured methylation rate for ITGA4 gene promoter region in 50 tumoral and adjacent normal tissue in CRC patients also 50 tumoral and normal stools by qMSP. In this teqnique, was used from TaqMan prob and primers for ITGA4 and ALU-C4 gene (for normalize of early DNA) and bisulfited DNA as templet. The level of methylated DNA (the percentage of methylated reference , PMR) was calculated for all samples using the following formula: [(ITGA4/ALU-C4)sample / (ITGA4/ALU-C4)positive control]x100. All data were statistically analyzed using    v 24.0 software. Findings :The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean PMR between the tumor and normal tissue samples of patients with colorectal cancer as well as between the stool samples of patients and healthy individuals (PValue <0.001) The median PMR for ITGA4 gene was 36.8 in tumor tissue and 10 in normal tissue samples. The mean PMR in tumor stool samples was 2.54 and in normal stool samples 0.01 Was . Sensitivity and specificity in tissue samples were 63% and 63%, respectively, and in fecal samples were 57% and 100%, respectively. Results: These results indicated significant difference in PMR mean between tumoral and normal tissue specimens of CRC patients and also between stool specimens of case and control groups. PMR mean in tumoral tissue samples was 18.95 and in normal tissue samples was 0.77. PMR mean mean in tumoral stool samples was 8.7 and in normal stool samples was 0.6. Sensitivity and specificity in tissue samples was 86% and 91.8% respectively. Also Sensitivity and specificity in stool samples was 82% and 91.8% respectively. Conclusion:DNA methylation of the ITGA4 promoter region in stool samples using MethLight PCR has the sensitivity and specificity as a noninvasive method for the detection of colorectal cancer. This study is the first report in Iran to investigate the methylation of ITGA4 gene in stool specimens in colorectal cancer. Therefore, it is suggested to use this gene as a biomarker of a diagnostic panel.

  Gastric cancer is aninvasive disease and one of the causes of mortality resulting from cancer inthe world, which is due to the accumulation of environmental factors and genetic changes. Despite the advent of food preservation technologies, accessto fresh fruits and vegetables, and better anticipation, gastric cancer is still known as the third cause of mortality in the world. The traditional receptors in the gastric cancer cells and also the relationship betweenapproaches to treating gastric cancer include surgery, radiotherapy, andchemotherapy, showing drug resistance and disease recurrence after a period,which these drawbacks have caused new treatment approaches. Drug repositioningwith the aim of using discovered drugs for new applications is a treatment estrogen and carcinogenesis, an anti-estrogenic drug, called tamoxifen,strategy to reduce time and costs. Regarding the expression of estrogen was used as an inhibitor of estrogen receptors in this experiment. In this study,a change in CT  1 gene expression was measured as one of the important genesThe cancer cells multiplied after culturing under appropriate conditions andof Wnt / beta-catenin signaling pathway in the gastric cancer cell line MKN-45.was selected as an appropriate dose over a period of 48 hours. Then, one groupthen, using the Tripan Blue test, the concentration of 100 micromolar tamoxifenof cells was considered as treatment group and the other group as control one. gene expression in the samples was investigated by real-time method usingRNA was extracted from the control and treatment cells and used to preparecDNA. The resulting cDNA was amplified by PCR and then the change of CT  1 expression of the CT  1 gene under treatment with 100 ?M of tamoxifen.specific gene primers. The results of real-time showed a decrease in the

  Carbonic anhydrases are well known zinc metalloenzymes involved in the catalysis of carbon dioxide hydration to bicarbonate and proton. The physical and chemical properties of phenolic compounds make these molecules capable of interacting with a wide range of targets, such as the Carbonic anhydrases. In this study the inhibition of two human carbonic anhydrase isozymes II and IX, with a series of phenol derivatives was investigated by using the esterase assay, with p- nitrophenyl acetate as substrate. The IC50 values of quercetin (Q) and its sulfonamide derivative (QD) were 15.99 and 5.13, for carbonic anhydrase II, 54.45 and 28.52 for carbonic anhydrase IX, respectively. These ligands can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of CAII by dynamic quenching mechanism. As the conclusion, binding of these phenolic compounds to the active site of CAII is accompanied by a competitive inhibition of the enzyme. According to the results, these phenolic compounds were more potent inhibitors for CAII Compared to CIX.

  Pancreatic Cancer (PC) is one of the most fatal cancers in the world constituting 7.2% of all cancer caused deaths. With 44,330 deaths reported in 2018, PC is the fourth-leading cause of cancer deaths in United States [1]. Because of its drug resistance, there is a crucial need to design new drugs to control this disease. An important pathway involved in PC is Wnt signaling pathway with ?-catenin and liver receptor homologe-1 (LRH-1) as its two key role players. Findings show that LRH-1 overexpression will enhance the expression of its downstream genes in PC cell lines [2]. In the current study, we used two decapeptide mimicking LRH-1 which can potentially interact with ?-catenin and down-regulate the corresponding downstream genes. For this purpose we performed a steered molecular dynamic simulation to examine peptide behavior over a 10 nm long trajectory. To evaluate stability of the complex containing the peptide and ?-catenin, an umbrella sampling procedure was used. The potential of mean force (PMF) values illustrated that one of the decapeptides has strong interaction with ?-catenin compared to the other one and also caompared to an scrambled peptide. Further, the changes in radius of gyration and root mean square fluctuations (RMSF) of the systems were calculated. Our findings showed that the peptide of interest can be considered as a good potential inhibitory peptide.Key words: Pancreatic cancer; Molecular dynamics simulation, Umbrella sampling, ?-Catenin

Parkinson'sdisease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by genetic and environmentalfactors that contribute to the disease. miRNAs are ribonucleotide sequences that control the expression of somegenes at the post-transcriptional level. In Parkinson's disease, miRNAsinvolved in the recovery or progression of the disease. Thetarget the genes of the various pathways involved in the disease that arevalidate the interaction between the desired predicted gene and hsa-miR-361-5p.   According to past studies,aim of this study was to predict the target genes of hsa-miR-361-5p and towith neurodegenerative diseases and subsequently in the cellular model of thesehsa-miR-361-5p has a decreasing expression pattern in the blood of patientsdiseases.   After selecting miRNAs formirwalk, genes involved in Parkinson's disease and their transcripts targetedthis study, using validated bioinformatics databases including Targetscan,to hsa-miR-361-5p , Predicted and identified. Then, one of these mRNAs that hadthe target gene of choice was shown to express the inhibitory role of miRNAs onthe opposite expression pattern to hsa-miR-361-5p was selected as the gene ofinterest. Finally, the binding and interaction of this miRNA with the 3?UTR ofgene expression in HEK293T cell line using luciferase reporter gene assay.

Aegilops Tauschii, Hyper accumulation, copper

  چكيدهبيماري هاي عصبي از جمله تومورمغزي از علل شايع مرگ و مير هستند. داروهاي توليد شده در اين زمينه رو به افزايشاست ، اما به دليل ساختار ويژه سد خوني- مغزي، انتقال دارو به مغز با مشكل مواجهاست و يكي از مهم ترين چالش هاي پيش روي درمان بيماري هاي سيستم عصبي مركزي است.علي رغم تحقيقات مختلفي كه در زمينه انتقال دارو به مغز صورت گرفته ولي هنوز روشيكه به طور مطلوب و بدون عوارض جانبي و با هزينه كمتر بر اين مشكل غلبه كند ،شناخته نشده است ، در اين ميان شناسايي تركيبي كه بتواند بدون تخريب سدخوني مغزيو   با مهار موقت و برگشت پذير ABCtra  oter   هاي سدخوني مغزي موجبافزايش تجمع درون سلولي دارو در بافت هاي مغزي شود و يا تركيبي كه بتواند با سست كردنجزئي   پروتئين هاي دخيل در اتصالات محكم به صورت موقت به انتشارپاراسلولي دارو به مغز كمك كند مي تواند باعث تسهيل انتقال دارو به مغز شود. دراين راستا مطالعات درون رايانه اي با توجه به اينكه مي تواند مسير رسيدن به هدف راهموار سازد و از بين تركيبات مختلف بهترين تركيب را جهت مطالعات تجربي معرفي كردهو ميزان آزمون و خطاهاي آزمايشات تجربي را به حداقل برساند ، بسيار سودمند است. در اين مطالعه اتصالفيتوكانابينوئيدها و شبكه پروتئيني سدخوني- مغزي كه انتقال دارو به مغز را بامحدوديت مواجه مي كنند با استفاده از روش داكينگ مولكولي مورد بررسي قرار خواهدگرفت.

In the present investigation, we analyzed the interaction of resorcinol and resveratrol and their sulfonamide derivatives with human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) using fluorescence spectroscopy, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation techniques. Fluorescence data obtaining at three temperatures indicated that resveratrol and its sulfonamide derivative quenched intrinsic fluorescence of the enzyme through a static mechanism but resorcinol and its sulfonamide derivative increased intrinsic fluorescence of the enzyme again through a static mechanism. Thermodynamic analysis of the quenching data indicated that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions play important roles in the ligand binding. Based on computational data obtained by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies, hydrogen bonds are the main intermolecular forces for the ligand-hCA II interactions. In comparison with resveratrol and resorcinol, their sulfonamide derivatives bind stronger to hCA II. According to an assay method basing on fluorometric measurements, the sulfonamide derivatives had a greater inhibitory effect than the original compounds.